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1、一、代词1、人称代词和物主代词英语的人称代词 （ Personal Pronoun）有三种不同的人称形式： 第一人称（First Person）；第二人称（ Second Person ）；第三人称（ Third Person ）。三种人称又各有单、复数形式。. 在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格（ Subjective Case ）、宾格（ Objective Case ）两种“格”的形式。这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为：主格： I ，you， he，she，it ，we， you，they宾格： me，you，him，her ， it ，us，you，them此
2、外，还有所有格形式。属格： my，mine，your ，yours ，his ，her ，hers ，its ，our ，ours ，their ，theirs 属格又可分为两类：一类是形容词性物主代词（ my， your ，his ，her ，its ，our ，their ）即 “物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词（ mine，yours ， his ，hers ，ours ，theirs），即 “物主代词”。第一人称第二人称第三人称人单数复数单数复数单数复数称代主格weyouyoushe he itthey词I宾格usyouyouher him itthemme物形物代ouryoury
3、ourher his itstheir主my代名物代oursyoursyourshers/his/itstheirs词mine人称代词用法：（1）人称代词主格：做主语，表示谁怎么样了，干什么了。I am a teacher.You are student.He is a student , too.We/You/They are student.（ 2）人称代词宾格：作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词的后面。1Give it to me.Lets go.(lets=let is)（ 3）形容词性物主代词（ my/your/his/her/its/our/their ）+名词。（ 4）而名
4、词性物主代词（ mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs ）则相当于形容词性物主代词 +名词，故其后不必加名词。如：-Is this your book?-No,it isn t,its hers(her book).its Jims,its Toms.名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词 +名词为避免重复使用名词， 有时可用 “名词性物主代词 ”来代替 “形容词性物主代词 +名词 ”的形式。例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bagis blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用 bag，可写成
5、 My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.练习：1._(我) am a teacher.2.My father is talking with _( 我).3.This is _(我的 ) book.4._(他的 ) chair is blue.5._(我们的 ) classroom is big.6._(他) often plays basketball after school.7._(他的 ) teacher is good.8._(我们 ) buy a pair of shoes for _(他).9.P
6、lease pass_我(们 ) the ball.210._(他们 ) are listening to the radio.11._(我) am a teacher.12.This is _(她的 ) bag. That is_他(的 )13._(他的 ) cap is blue. _( 我们的 ) are yellow.14.Our chair is better than _ ( they).15.I will give the presents to_(they).16.These books are_(I), and those are_(you).17.My ruler is l
7、ong. _ ( you ) is short.18.My bike is broken. May I borrow_ ( she)?19.Can you show _(I) your book?20.It s time for _(they) to go home.21.Mr. Green often tells _(we) some stories.22.These are not your desks. They are _(our).23.This is not my shirt. It s _(he)24.I saw _(she) in the shop yesterday.参考答案
8、：1. I2. me3. my4. His5. Our6. He 7. His 8. We, him9.us10. They11.I12. her, his 13. His, ours14. theirs15. them16. mine, yours 17. yours18. hers19. me20. them21. us22.ours23. his24. Her人称代词和物主代词练习：（一）用代词的适当形式填空。31There is a letter for_ (her 、hers) mother.2That is _(she ) coat. The coat is red. _(it)i
9、s a new one.3Whose pens are these? _(their) are _ (we).4Give _(he) a toy, please.5_(we) eyes are black.6Tim and Bill are twins. _(them) parents are teachers.7Give the book to _(I ).8These books are _(we).9That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ isvery big.( I )10The dress is _. Give it to
10、 _. ( she )11Is this _ watch? (you) No, it s not _12_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are_. ( he )2、指示代词（ 1）this“这” ,其复数形式 these “这些” ,指代近处的人或物体 ;（ 2）that“那” ,其复数形式 those“那些” ,指代远处的人或物。3、指示代词this that these those 作主语 ,一般疑问句的简略回答（ 1）Is this / that your aunt ? Yes , it is . No , it i
11、snt .简略回答时 ,用主格代词it 代替（ 2）Are these / those your uncles ? Yes , they are . No , they arent .简略回答时 ,用主格代词they 代替4单句变复句 ,把句子中单数词变成复数词。1、This is my friend . _ _my_2、That is his parent . _ _his _3、She is her cousin . _ _her _用所给的词选择填空1、These are pens and _ are pencils.(that, this, those)2、Tom was sick y
12、esterday. _ is why he missed school. ( That,Those, These)3、Which of_shirts are Toms ( These, this, that)4、This desk is mine, _is hers. ( those, this, that)5、The map of Beijing is better than _of Tianjing. (this, that, these).二、名词名词 : 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。1、不可数名词 :表示的事物 ,其数量不可以数清或者难以数清。例如 :water水“” ,水”的“数量
13、不可以数清; rice大米“,谷粒 ” 其,数量难以数清。不可数名词用法上有两大特点:(1)、没有复数形式;(2)、不能用不定冠词a / an 、基数词、 many 修饰。2、可数名词 :表示的事物 ,其数量可以数清 。可数名词用法上的特点 :5(1)、有单数、复数两种形式;(2)、能用不定冠词a / an 、基数词、 many 修饰。3、单数名词后加 s 或 es 变成复数名词。单数名词后加 s 或 es 的方法如下 :(1)、 一般情况 ,名词后直接加s (清辅音后读/ s /, 浊辅音后读 / z /)例如 : parents 双“亲 ” ;aunts阿姨“ ” ;friends朋友“”
14、(2)、以字母e 结尾的名词 ,直接加s (读 / z /) 例如 :uncles 叔叔“”;pictures图画 ”“(3)、以字母O 结尾的名词 ,有的加s ,有的加es (读 / z /)例如 : photos 照“片 ” ;tomatoes西红“柿 ” ;(4)、以 “辅音字母+ y 结”尾的名词 ,变 y 为 i,加 es (读 / z/)例如 :family families; party parties(5)、以s x ch sh 结尾名词 ,直接加es(读 / Iz/)例如 :buses 公“共汽车 ” boxes盒“子 ” wishes希“望 ” watches手“表”(6)
15、、少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,有特殊形式。man menwoman womenpeople peoplechild children(7)knife 的复数形式是knives4、名词所有格:表示 “某人的 ” ,名词+ 或 s构成。其6规则如下 :(1)、一般情况下 ,名词后直接加 s: Jim 吉s(姆的 );mymother我的母s(亲的 )2、以 s 结尾的复数名词 ,直接加 : my friends 我的朋友(的);his students 3、一个人或物属各自所有，或者几个人共有,变成所有格。Jim s and Kate s吉aunts姆的阿姨和凯特的阿姨Jim and Kate
16、s birthday吉姆和凯特 (共有)的生日一、写出下列词的复数形式am_is_he _she _it _that_this_you_ pen_desk_key_ orange_boy_friend_ parent_class _ child_shelf _bed _radio_photo_tomato_woman _ man _strawberry _ dictionary _box_watch _二、选择填空()1.There_ on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoesB. are photos7C. is a photoD.
17、 is photos()2. The old man wants_.A. six boxes of applesB. six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples()3. There _two _in the box.A. is ,watchB. are ,watchesC. are , watchD. is , watches()4. The _ meeting room is near the reading room.A. teacherB. teacher Cs. teachersD. teachers()5._
18、 shirt is white.A. My brotherB. My brothersC. My brotherD. Mybrothers()6. Today is September 10th. It is _ Day.A. TeachersB. TeachersC. the TeachersD. Teachers()7. Its June 1st, its _ Day.A. ChildrensB. ChildrensC. ChildrensD. Childrenss()8. This year, _ is on May 9th.A. my mothers birthdayB. my mot
19、hers brithdayC. my mothers birthdayD. my motherss birthday()9. This is _ .8A. Mike and Jims bike C. Mikes and Jims bikeB. Mikes and Jim bike D.Mike and Jim bike三、变换句型（把下列句子变为复数句）。This is my friend.2. This is a table.3.That is her brother.4.This is a book.5.That is an eraser.6.It is a red orange.7.He
20、 is a teacher.8. What s this?四、按中文意思填空1._(李明的 )parents work in a bighospital.2.This is _ (我妹妹的 ) Chinese book.3._ (我的姐姐和弟弟的 )rooms arevery nice.4._ (王平和王明的 ) father is ahotel manager.5. Is this _( 你的好朋友的 )pen ?6. They are_(Peter 和 Sam 的 ) teachers.97. _(教师节 ) is on September 10th. .8. _(学生们的 ) desks
21、 and chairs are verynew.9. _(赵敏的 ) shoes are white.10. _(John 和 Sally 的 )mothers areAmerican.11. _(Tony 哥哥的 )computer is broken.12、 It s妇女(节 ) on March 8th.三、冠词只有不定冠词a (an)和定冠词the 两个，不用冠词叫零冠词。1、不定冠词a 和 an ：a 用在辅音前，如a pena chairan 用在元音前。 an old teacheran English book注意辅音字母第一个音是元音的情况：F H L M N S X 这七个
22、字母的第一个音是元音在说一个以上字母时要用an ,如 an“F”(一个 F)同时注意字母 U,它是元音字母，但它的第一个音是辅音，因此说一个 U，应为 a “U”2、定冠词the：当一个名词第二次出现时前面用the 。注意在三餐饭（ breakfast 、 lunch 、dinner ）前不用 the , 月份和星期前都不用 the ,体育活动的球类运动前面不用10the 。如:have dinner in January December Sunday playbasketballplay tennis (volleyball soccer Ping Pong chess baseball)
23、3、如单数可数名词前有 this 、that 、my 等代词修饰时，则不再使用 a 或 an。冠词练习()1. There is _ art room in the building.A. aB. anC. theD. /()2. -What color is _ orange?-It s _ orange.A. an, theB. /, anC. an, /D. /, the()3. There is_“ u” and _“ s” “in rulthersword” .A. a, aB. an, aC. a, anD. an, an()4. It s not _English book.A.
24、 aB. anC.theD. /()5. I have _ very interesting book.It is about_ exciting game.A. an,theB. the, aC. a, anD. a, a()6Is that your _ ?A a pictureBpictureC picturesD nice pictures11()7Are _ Kate s _?A this, book B that ， bookC these， books D those， book() 8.That s _ art book.A. anB. aC. theD are四、数量词1、基
25、数词 one two three four five six seven eight nine teneleven twelve thirteen fourteen2、序数词 firstsecondthird fourthfifthsixthseventh eighthninthtenth口诀：1、first, second, third特殊记；4 到 19加 th,注意 fifth,eighth, ninth, twelfth2、整数则是去 y 变 ie, 加 th ， 如： twentieth ；3、表示 “几十几 ”，整数为基数词，个数为序数词如：thirty-thirdfifty-fi
26、fth数词练习1、Mr Green has _( two ) daughters .2、Kate is Mr Green s _ ( onedaughter).3、There are _( twelve ) months in a year.4、March is the_( three ) month of a year .5、They have _( twenty ) computers.126、I can afford _ ( eight ) sweaters .7、 Mr Green s _ ( nine) store is very big .8、-How old is your fr
27、iend ?-She is _( 12)years old . .9、-How old is her father?- He is _(30)years old .10. January the_month of a year.11 、 February the_month of a year.12 、 April the_month of a year.13 、 May the_month of a year .14 、 August the_month of a year.15 、 December the_month of a year.五、介词介词：本册的介词较少，主要用在介词短语里面
28、，如on： on sale (销售 ) on April 8th, ( 在四月八日 ) on the desk (在桌子上 ) on TV ( 在电视上 )in ： in English ( 用英语 ) in the afternoon ( 在下午 ) inthe case (在盒子里 ) T-shirt in red ( 红色 T 恤 )be in the movie （出演这部电影）in September (在九月 )be in our school music festival（参加我们学校的音乐节）13at：call sb.at 3356 ( 拨打 3356 找某人 ) at you
29、r school ( 在你们学校里 ) at Huaxing Clothes Store（在华兴服装店） at a very good price ( 以非常优惠的价格) at six ( 六点钟 )have a look at (看一看 )of：a set of (一串) the photo of your family (你的全家照 ) lots of =a lot of ( 许多 ) date ofbirth （birthday ） (生日 )with ：with sb. ( 同某人一起 ) be good with ( 和相处得好 ) help sb. with sth. ( 帮助某人
30、做某事)for ：thanks for =thank you for ( 谢谢某人的.) bag forsports (运动包 ) pants for $30 ( 卖 30 元的裤子 ) see for yourself ( 亲自看看 ) for girls ( 对女孩子来说 ) like sth. for lunch ( 喜欢吃 当作午餐 )about ：about Chinese history ( 有关中国历史 )under ： under the desk ( 在桌子下面 )六、形容词本册所学的形容词不多，注意拼法和反义词big (small)long (short)sad (happ
31、y)boring (interestingfunny )14excitingdifficultrelaxinggreathealthyold (new)white (black)七、副词 副词：除疑问副词外， 本册的副词有onlytooverywelloftenalsoreally副词 only often also really等在句中的位置都是在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。注意几组词的区别：1、too 和 also ：too 一般放在句子的末尾， also 在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。2、well和 good ：两个词都有 “好 ”的意思， 但 well是副词，而 good 是形容词
32、， well 修饰动词，放在动词的后面， good 修饰名词，放在名词的前面。如play basketball wellspeakEnglish wella good studentGood morning八、连词连词：本册所学连词有andbutorthen15 and 连接两个词或两个句子，表示前后的句子意思顺接。如： I like thrillers and I like action movies but 连接两个句子，表示后面意思转折。如： He likes tomatoes but she doesnt like broccolis or 表示选择关系。如： Can you play
33、 the piano or the violin? then 表示动作的先后顺序。 本册所学的祈使句类型有Spell it, please.Please take these things to your sister.Let laysp ping-pong. (tennisbasketballvolleyball)Come and buy your clothes.Have a look at Huaxing Clothes Store.九、动词及句型转换1、 动词的种类 ( 四类 )（1）系动词：如 be 动词 (is am are)；become，sound 等（2）情态动词如 can、
34、may、need；（3）助动词（ do does ）；（4）行为动词如 take、bring 、eat 、have(has) 、like 、sell 、buy、play 、see、go、watch 等162、 动词的第三人称单数（与名词的复数一样）如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) is (are)3、 动词的时态（一般现在时）（ 1 ）含有 be 动词的有 be 动词的句子在变一般疑问句时，将 be 动词放到句首，（注意第一人称变为第二人称Are you a Chinese boy ?Is she twelve
35、 ?Is he Tims brother ?含有 be 动词的句子在变否定句时只须在“be 动词后 +not ”， 注意： someanyandorI m not a Chinese boy. She isn t twelve .He is not Tims btother .Her mother isnt an English teacher .(2) 含有情态动词的句子 （ can 等，以 can 为例 ）, She can play basketball.His mother s cousin can sing many English songs.含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须
36、将“情态动词放到句首”，17Can she play basketball ?Can his mothers cousin sing many Englishsongs ?含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not 。注意： someanyandor例： She can not play basketball .His mother s cousin can not sing many English songs .(3) 含有行为动词的句子We have many friends.They watch TV at 7 in the evening .The students take their books to school .I have lunch at school .You have asister . 含有行为动词的句子在变一