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1、2018年外研版八年级下册英语精讲讲义 期末总复习1. take up占据）（空间/时间）The desk took up too much room.Playing computer games has taken up most of his time. 从事 He took up art at school.他在学校教美术。2. find somewhere to sit down 找地方坐下3. a bit of + 不可数名词=a little of a bit of food/orange juicea bit of a mess 有点乱a bit + 形容词 /副词=a litt
2、le a bit tired/hungry 区别：not a bit: 一点也不not a little:很/非常4. must 一定（表推测）It must be really valuable.他一定很值钱。5. as+（形容词 /副词）原级 +as:像一样 He is as tall as his brother.否定： not so as 不如. Tom is not as tall as his brother.6. in one siEfe某人）一生中7. make sb./sth. +动词原形:使某人/某物做某事Don t make me laugh. The boss made
3、 the worker work for a long time.类似：let sb./sth. +动词原形:让某人/某物做某事8. grow as a person 长大成人9. some others f 些另外一些 10. develop one interest培养某人的兴趣11. as well as=besides 除了 .之夕卜，还包括As well as Tom, his parents came to the party.汤姆和他的父母都来参加了这个聚会。12. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事13. come out出版；夕卜出；14. as
4、a result 结果 as a result of 由于. 尸because of He didn t work hard, as a result, he didn t pass the exam.15. be interested in+名词 /动词-ing:对感兴趣I am very interested in maths. Are you interested in dancing?16. sb. spend+时间+doing sth.某人花费多少时间做某事。=It takes sb.+ 时间 + to do sth.He usually spends lots of time pl
5、aying computer games.=It usually takes him lots of time to play computer games.M71. prepare for 为.做准备=get ready for2. make a list of 歹 U的清单3. get ready准备好4.It sounds crazy.这听起来很荒唐。5. I don t know what to tak萧单句=I don t know what I should take复合句）6. at the end of在.的尽头/结尾7. Is 200 dollars enough?（金钱、时
6、间、距离做主语时，视作单数）50 years islong time.100 metres js a short distance.8. had better +动词原形：最好做某事You had better stay home at night.否定：had better not +动词原形：最好不要做某事：You d better not go out now.9. by the way 顺便说一下 go crazy 变疯 in a group of 20 二十人一组10. offer sb. sth尸offer sth. to sb向某人提供某物He offered the poor
7、lots of food and water.offer to do sth.自愿去做某事They offered to help me.11. learn about 了解at the same time 同时be well trained受过良好培训depend on依赖；取决于14. provide sb. sth.提供某人某物 =provide sb. with sth./provide sth. forsb.15. set tests 安排考试 form close friendships with 与:.结成亲密的友谊 stay in touch with 和保持联系take tr
8、ips to 到去旅行at least 至少fill out 填写M81. 重要语法：宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语的句子。=主也+引导同+宾语从句?/ / I本模块重点：由that引导的宾语从句，that无义，可省,后接陈述句作宾语。 宾语从句复合句I can hardly believe (that) we re in the city centre.Tony guesses that the park is very popular.Lingling suggests that they spend the day there.Lingling doesn t think the park
9、 will be busy.主句和从句的时态关系:主句：一般现在时从句：需根据实际情况用不同时态She says（that） sheworks from Monday to Friday.（从句为一般现在时）She says（that） shewill leave a messageon his desk.（从句为般将来时）My grandparents often tell methey lived a hard life in the past.（从句为一般过去时）Xiaoming says he has already finished his homework.（从句为现在完成时）主句
10、：一般过去时从句：一般过去时/过去时的某种时态He said （that） there were no classes yesterday afternoon.（从句用般过去时）He said （that） he was going to take care of the baby.（从句用过去将来时）Our teacher told us he had taught here for 20 years.（从句用过去完成时）特殊情况：从句描述的是客观事实、真理、科学名言警句等不以时间改变而改变的事实时.不管主 句为何种时态，从句总是用一般现在时。He said that light trave
11、ls much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快 ）The teacher tojd. us the earth goes around the sun.（客观事实）She said（that） her father is_twenty-eight years older than her.（客观事实）My father toldus（that） nothing is_difficult if we put our hearts into it. （客观真理）注意：当主句的谓语动词是think或believe,宾语从句要表达否定时，要把从句的否定转移到主句上。I do
12、nt think he is going to help you with your English.We don t believe that we have won the basketball match.2. hardly 几乎不=almost notHe can hardly believe the result, can he?（前否后肯）3. sothat 如此以至于 t go to school.The little boy is so_young thoLhe can=The little boy is too young to go to school.=The littl
13、e boy is not old enough to go to school.so that 以便； 为了 =in order tharHe got up early so that he could catch up the early bus.4. hear sb./sth.+动词原形:听见某人/某物（经常/过去）做 hear sb./sth.+动词-ing:听见某人/某物正在做 I often hear her play the piano in her room.I heard her play the piano in her room last night.I hear her
14、playing the piano in her room now.5. be famous for 因而著名be famous as+职业/身份：作为 而出名This park is famous for its lake.Luxun is famous as a writer.6. allow doing sth.允许做某事They dont allow smoking hereallow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事His parents allowed him to go out with me.allow+that 从句：He allowed that they wer
15、e right.他承认他们是对的7. It s better （for sb.） to do slthj某人来说）最好去做某事。It s better for you to stop smoking.=You had better stop smoking.8. point out指出 point at/to 指着（近物/远物）9. at the top of在的顶部 move about四处走动10. promise to do sth.答应做某事 He promised to help us.promise not to do sth. 保证不做某事Tony promised not to
16、 talk in class.promise +that 从句：My parents promise that they will buy me a new shirt.11. have a wonderful time 玩得开心 magic land 仙境 square kilometer 平方公里by a small lake 在小湖边wake sb. up唤醒某人12. without doing 没有做 .We came out without making any noise.1.1 It is a pity that+从句。真遗憾 .It s a pity that you hav
17、e missed the party.14 .walk down the path 顺路而下15 .put leaves off plants从植物扯下叶子16 . the second largest 第二大. （the + 序数词 + 最高级：第几最.）17 .fall asleep 入睡M91 .重要语法：if/whether引导的宾语从句复合句，if/whether意为 是否，用在将直接引语（说话人说得话） 为一般疑问句的简单句转化为间接引语（转述他人的话）的复合句中做引导词，转化后需将一般疑问句变为陈述句,即陈述语序。基本结构：主句+if/whether+宾语从句（用陈述语序）（直接
18、引语）“Are you a teacher? ” he asks.（间接弓 I 语） He asks if/whethe门 am a teacher.（直接弓I语） “Have you finished your home work? ” the teacher asked him.（间接弓 I 语） The teacher asked if/whether I had finished my home work.间接引语也就是if/whether引导的宾语从句He wants to know if it will rain tomorrow.I don t know whether he i
19、s at home or not.if,只能用 whether:注：if和whether 一般情况下可以互换使用，但如下情况，不能用在动词不定式之前只能用whetherI dont know whether to accept or refuse （拒绝）在whether or no的固定搭配中。Let me know whether you can come or not.在介词后,只能用 whetheroI worry about whether I hurt her feelings.宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether oWhethe门t is true or not, I
20、 cant tell.用if会引起歧义时，只用whethero如用whether可避免歧义。#殊疑问词引导白勺宾语从句（what/where/when/which/why/how/how many ）基本结构：主句+特殊疑问词+宾语从何（用陈述语序）直接引语为特殊疑问句的简单句转化为间接引语复合句时,用原来的特殊疑问词作引导词，但后面需改为 陈述句，即陈述语序。（直弓I）What s your name? ” Mr. Li asks me.（间弓 D Mr. Li asks what my name is.（直引）“Why did he ask for help? ” he asked.（间弓
21、 D He asked why he asked for help.间引即为特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。Where does he come from? I don t know并句子）I don t know where he comes from.（合并后，原来的特殊疑问句充当宾语从句，故要改为陈述句，因为它不再是问句了）How can I get there? Can you tell me? （合并句子）Can you tell me how I can get there?（解析同上）that引导的宾语从句复合句一注：if/whether和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句复合句，主句和从句的时
22、态与样，需注意主从句时态的变化。2 . mention sth. tosb.向某人提及某事3 . take a message （for sb.）:（为某人）捎口信4 .打电话用语：Who s calling?=Who s that speaking?位？Is that （speaking）?!吗？This is speakingsCould/May I speak to我可以和.说话吗？5 . have a problem with sb.和某人之间出了问题6 .get separated 分开7r explain sth. to sb.向某人解析某事Please explain the m
23、eaning to me.4 _ 一explain + 疑问词 + 不定式： Could you explain how to do it well?explain + 宾语从句： Could you explain what happened then?8. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 He refused to help me.9. feel/be sure of 对.有把握10. regret to do sth.遗憾地（要）做某事（还未做）regret- regretted-regrettedI I regretted scloding him the other d
24、ay. 我后悔几天前责备过他。regret doingsth.后悔做过某事（已经做过了）I reget to tell you that you are dismissed.我遗憾地告诉你：你被开除了。11. be patient with sb.对某人耐心12. introduce A to B:把 A 介绍给 B （认识）13. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事My parents always encourage me to study hard.14. have a hard time过的艰难；遇到麻烦15. 从句中某些特殊疑问词的另义：what所的whe
25、re的地方when的时间I believe that the world is what you think it is.我相信世界就是你所想的那样!This is where I was born.这就是我出生的地方。16. the early autumn 初秋17. every time 每次；每当18. in silence=silently 安静地 All the students are studying hard in silence .19. turn back 转身20.without a word 没有说一句话21. hidden treasure 隐藏的宝藏22. day
26、 by day 一天天地23. circle of friends 朋友圈 24. with a bright smile 带着灿烂的微笑25. stick stuck stuckck to.把粘到上stick together 粘在一起26. Smile at the world and it will smile back.对世界微笑；世界就会对你报以微笑。M 101.on the radio 广播中2. show /take sb. around 带某人参观 - Let me show you around our school.3. come this way这边走 4. be on
27、（电影）上映；（电器）开着5 . on air在广播6 .avoid doing sth.避免做某事 You must avoid making the same mistake next time.7 . in the background在幕后；在后面8. Keep doing sth.不断做某事9 .awful news 坏消息六,曷loCk IneWSI完毕。10 .And that s the end of the six o11 .向eem+形容词： My mom seems very happy today! （做系动词）J seem + 不定式： My mom seems to
28、 be very happy today!、He seems to have known the answer already.It seems that+从句：彳以乎 .It seems that it will rain very soon.12 . in person=by oneself 亲自；本人 13. look down at 低头看 14. Shouldn t you at schoo不用上学吗？（否定一般疑问句/反问句，表惊讶）15. not but不是而是 . He is not my brother but my father.16. might be listening
29、 可能在 17. do research 做研究17. look out of 往夕卜看 19.do a sound check 做声音测试20 . This was how my first real job in radio began. （表语从句）我第一次在广播电台工作就这样开始的。21 .English writing competition 英语写作比赛22.surprised惊讶的（修饰 入”） * Lsurprising令人惊讶的（修饰 物”）I was quite surprised at the surprising news.短语：be surprised to do s
30、th.做某事感到惊讶be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶to one s surprised人吃惊的是To my surprise, I passed the exam.23.well done 干得好 24.close down 关闭综合试卷二第一部分 听力I .听下面5个句子。每个句子后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出适当的图片，并把选项标在试卷的相应位置。听完每个句子后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子仅读一遍。1. A. Yes, I d loveB.toN. o, I don C.t.No, I haven t.2. A
31、. That s all righBt. Thank you. C. I m sorry to hear that.3. A. Go to the beach. B. On Sunday. C. I go to school by bike.4. A. My watch was broken. B. I want to buy a watch. C. Let s go to the park together.5. A. I m 13 years olBd. Yes, my name is Bill. C. Yes, I m your old friend.I .听下面5个小对话。每个对话后有
32、一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每个对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个对话仅读一遍。6. How much is one pair of pants now?A. $ 90. B. $ 180. C. $ 360.7. Does Tom want to try the new food?A. We don t know.B. Yes, he does. C. No, he doesn t.8. What did the woman do just now?A. Sang a song. B. Made a cal
33、l. C. Drew a picture.9. What s the man going to do?A. To buy a new book. B. To buy a new watch. C. To buy a new shirt.10. Who has never been to Disneyland?A. Linda. B. Lily. C. Lily and Lucy. 听下面三段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出在试卷的相应位置。听每个对话前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两
34、遍。听第一段对话,回答第11-13题。11. Where did Nancy work in the summer vacation?A. In a flower shop. B. In a car shop. C. In a fast food restaurant.12. Where did Jim go on vacation?A. To the countryside. B. To the mountain. C. To the seaside.13. What did Jim do?A. Went swimming. B. Playing football. C. Reading.听
35、下面一段对话，回答第14-16题。14. What does the boy collect?A. Stamps. B. Kites. C. Tickets.15. Does Lucy like collecting tickets?A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn C. tNo, she likes collecting kites.16. What hobbies don t Lucy s classmates have?A. Flying kites. B. Playing with dolls. C. Collecting books.听下面一段对话
36、，回答第17-20题。17. When is Teachers Day?A. Next Monday. B. Next Sunday. C. Last Monday.18. What does Miss Huang teach?A. Chinese. B. English. C. Math.19. What does Bill advise Lucy to buy?A. A card. B. A cup. C. A book.20. How will they go to the supermarket?A. By bike. B. By subway. C. On foot.I .听下面一段
37、独白。独白后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听独白前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。该段独白读两遍。21. What does Henry want to study in college?A. Computer science. B. History. C. Art.22. Who wants to study art in college?A. Henry. B. Sally. C. Ben.23. What does Sally s sister like doing?A. Playing te
38、nnis. B. Playing the guitar. C. Playing the piano.24. Where does Ben want to go to college?A. In Beijing. B. In Nanjing. C. In Shanghai.25. How long has Ben been swimming?A. For 5 years. B. For 12 years. C. For 15 years.二、单项填空21. I missed the beginning ofcartoon The Lion King .What a pity!You should
39、 have left school half hour earlier.A.a;anB.the;aC.the;anD.an;the22. I have two sisters , but of them is a teacher.A.allB.neitherC.bothD.none23. My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories.A.IB.meC.myD.mine24. Lost in Thailand is a very successful comedy.It fa8orite movie.A.
40、meB.mineC.ID.my25. We are planning to have a surprise party her fifteenth birthday.A.atB.inC.forD.withIt s about twwalk.26. How far is your home from school?A.hoursB.hoursC.hour sD.hour27. The student didnt find much about the topic on that website.A.reportB.articleC.informationD.story28. 一 I have g
41、reatin finishing the work by myself. Could you help me?No problem.A.funB.successC.adviceD.difficultyt you know?29. 一 What is Miss Gao s favourite? She is always in pink. DonA.colourB.bookC.songD.movie30. The government of Linyi is building cheap and good houses for the people.A.thousandB.thousandsC.
42、thousand ofD.thousands of31. What should we do now, Mr.Clark?-Please turn to Page and look at thepicture.A.Twelve;fifthB.Twelfth;fifthC.Twelve;fiveD.Twelfth;five32. Mother s Day is on theSunday in May every year.A.twoB.secondC.threeD.third33. What news it is!Nobody it.A.a surprising;believesB.surpri
43、sing;believesC.a surprised;believeD.surprised;believe34. 一Do you often get online? - Yes.I lots of time on it. It s a good way to kill time.A.costB.spendC.takeD.use1.1 I will meet Jane at the station. Please what time she will arrive.A.countB.chooseC.checkD.catch36. The woman asked the policeman whe
44、re .A.the post office isB.was the post officeC.is the post officeD.the post office was37. The man is talking to our teacher is Betty s father.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.what38. It will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we to bed too late.A.goB.wentC.will goD.have gone39. How often do you chat with
45、 your friends online? I m busy with my study.A.Only one month.B.About twice a month.C.Almost every day.D.Maybe in two weeks.40. weather it is!We can t go boating on the Xuanwu Lake.-Don t worry.Let s go to the Science Museum instead.A.What goodB.How good C.How badD.What bad三、完形填空There once was a far
46、mer who lost his watch in his barn（谷仓）.The watch was only cheap but it was very41 to him because it was a gift from his father.After 42 the barn for a long time, he gave up and asked for 43 from a group of children playing nearby.He 44 them that the person who found the watch would be rewarded.Hearing this, the children hurried inside the barn 45 .They searched everywh