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1、 动词不定式精讲精练1. 不定式的一般式(to do)表示不定式的.动作将要发生或与谓语动作同时发生. He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that Ill see you again. 我希望再见到你。2 不定式的实行体(to be doing)表示不定式的动作正在发生. Im sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold.不定式的完成体(to have done)表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生. He is wel
2、l known to have invented the steam engine.二 不定式的逻辑主语 1 不定式的逻辑主语常不出现在句中. 2 句子的主语,宾语有时是不定式的逻辑主语. 3 不定式前for+名词/代词结构中的名词或代词也能够用来表示不定式的;逻辑主语. 4 在It+be+形容词+of+名词/代词+to do结构中,名词或代词为不定式的逻辑主语.该结构中的形容词通常用来表示人的品质.例如：kind, good, nice, bad, cruel, honest, bold, thoughtful, right, wrong, wise, clever, silly, fool
3、ish, careless, rude等. 例如：Its very kind of you to cal to tell me about the conference. 三 不定式的否定式 不定式否定式由not/never +to do构成 四 不定式的句法功能 1 不定式做主语 1)To say something is one thing; to do it is another. 2)It is not a good idea to build houses along the lines where two of the earths plates join together. 注：
4、充当主语的不定式即可置于句首,位于谓语动词之前,也可作为句子的真正主语置于句末,用作形式主语. 2 不定式作表语 3)Her uncle seems to be acting rather strangely towards her these days. 4)The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type of wild dog called a Dingo. 5)One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the number of their cattle. 注：充当表语的不定式一般位于be ,s
5、eem等系动词后. 3 不定式作宾语 6)Shylock agreed to lend Antonio money on one condition. 注：充当宾语的不定式位于及物动词后.常用不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, plan, determine, dare, refuse, hope, wish, expect, promise, choose, pretend, decide, manage, intend, offer, afford, demand. 7)The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of s
6、pace. 注：充当宾语的不定式如果有自己的表语,则可用代替只个不定式作为形式宾语,而作为真正宾语的不定式则放在表语之后.以it作为形式宾语的这种结构常用在think, feel, find, make, consider等动词之后. big and strong. 4 不定式作宾语补足语 8)The powder made from fish, blood and bones will make the cabbage plants grow big and strong. 9)Portia told Bassanio to go to his friend at once. 注：在下列动词
7、后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to.这些动词是observe, notice, see, hear, watch, have, feel, make, let.但上述动词转换为被动语态时,其后的不定式须带to.例如：The cabbage plants will be made to grow。5不定式作状语To carry out the promise “ New Beijing, New Olympics”, action speaks louder than words.They crazy hurried to the airport, only to find their favo
8、rite fans had already left.6. 不定式做定语I had a lot of homework to today.There is still some way to go before getting to the destination.动词不定式 专项练习 1. The teacher told them _ make so much noise. A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to 2. Our master often told us _ things for granted. A. not to have B. not
9、to take C. didnt take D. not to make 3. Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 5. Mrs Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking.
10、A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 6. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 7. The workers want us _ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 8. They would not allow him _ ac
11、ross the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 9. I saw him _ out of the room. A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes 10. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 11. Ive heard him _ about you oft
12、en. A. spoke B. speaks C. speak 12. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _by his little sister. A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D. to cry；cry 13. He was made _. A. go B. gone C. going D. to go 14. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B
13、. washing C. wash D. to be washing 15. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 16. Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _ to buy. A. what B. which C. how D. where 17. There isnt any difference between the
14、 two. I really dont know _. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 18. “ Have you decided when _?” “ Yes, tomorrow morning.” A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving 19. Last summer I took a course on _. A. how to make dresses B. how dress
15、es be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made 20. He doesnt know _ to stay or not. A. whether B. if C. either D. if he will 21. She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 22. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot
16、 _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 23. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 24. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking 25.
17、I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 26. Frank is the kind of person who people like to _. A. make friend with B. make friends of C. make friends D. make friends with 27. Go on _ the other exercise a
18、fter you have finished this one. A. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing 28. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest 29. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C.
19、so as to not D. not so as to 30. I need a day or two _. A. to think it over B. to think over C. of thinking 31. He was too excited _. A. speak B. to speak C. not to speak D. speaking 32. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. ha
20、ving invented 33. He said he would rather not _ it right now. A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing 34. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride； ride B. riding； ride C. ride； to ride D. to ride； riding 35. Its freezing outside. You _ put on your overcoat. A. had bette
21、r to B. had better C. would better D. would better to 36. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _. A. sit B. sit on C. be sit D. be sat on 37. Im hungry. Get me something _. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating 38. - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat f
22、or a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 39. She did nothing _ at the photo. A. except look B. but to look C. except to look D. but looking 40. I asked him to _ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems. A. spend B. spare C. save D. share 41. They w
23、ont let their teacher _ in that way. A. to be treated B. being treated C. treated D. be treated 42. John, you must get your room _ after breakfast. A. to be cleaned B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 43. The problem _ at tomorrows meeting is a very difficult one. A. being discussed B. discussed C. t
24、o be discussed D. to discuss 44. He reached the station _ only _ that the train had just left. A. tired； learned B. tiring； learning C. to tire； to learn D. tired； to learn 45. - Did that book give the information you needed? - Yes, but _, we had to read it almost entirely. A. for finding it B. to f
25、ind it C. finding it D. by finding it 46. Im sorry I forgot _your dictionary. Lets borrow one from Li Ming. A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing 47. She couldnt decide which restaurant _. A. to have lunch B. to eat C. to eat at D. eating at 48. This problem is said _ three times. A. to have
26、been talked B. to have discussed C. having been discussed D. to have been talked about 49. Everybody believed the man _ away the diamond ring. A. be taken B. taking C. to take D. to have taken 50. I prefer _ rather than _. A. read； watch B. to read； watch C. reading； to watch D. to read； to watch 答案
27、： 1-5 DBBAA 6-10 CCAAA 11-15 CADAB 16-20 BBAAA 21-25 ACCAB 26-30 DACBA 31-35 BCCCB 36-40 BBDAB 41-45 DDCDB 46-50 CCDDB 解析： 1tell sb. not to do sth告诉某人不做某事 2take sth for granted “把某事想当然”， 是一个固定词组。Eg. You shouldnt take it for granted that everyone should help you.你不要认为每个人都理应协助你。 4. 不定式的省略要保留到to,否则就完整地
28、表达， 如：but his mother told him not to do so. 5. warn sb not to do sth. 此处用never替代not. 8. allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事；risk doing sth冒险做某事 9. see sb do sth看见某人做某事 12. make sb do 让某人做某事， 但用于被动结构后， 则要用不定式符号to连接。 16which 用于有范围中的“哪一个”， 此处作buy的宾语。 18when +to do 做decide的宾语， 若用when引导宾语从句，用陈述句语序。 21. pretend to
29、do 假装做某事。 22forget to do sth忘记（要）做某事。 24should love to be taken to 愿意被带去 25因为状语是last night，用不定式的完成式表示本想 27. go on to do sth. 继续做（与原来不相同的）事。此句能够从the other exercise断定。 28stop to do sth. 停下来（去）做 32被动语态后用不定式连接，根据句意用完成式。 33. would rather not do sth. 宁愿不做某事。 34. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做不愿
30、做 37to eat 此处作something 的定语。for+doing多表用途。 38. why not do sth“为什么不” ；try doing sth试一试 39Do nothing but do sth, 此处用except替代but 40. spare sb. sth匀出、腾出， 宾语为sb.； share分享， 宾语为sth. 41. let sb do, 此处用的是被动语态 42 get sth. done让某事被做 44tired此处是过去分词， 表示主语的状态。only to learn此处的不定式表结果。 45此处的to find it, 表示目的 47. to eat at the restaurant, 介词at不能丢 48. 此处使用的是不定式的完成被动式。 表示“以前被讨论过三次”。