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1、第九章 预防医学（Chapter ix preventive medicine）Chapter ix preventive medicineEach of the following questions is A, B, C, D, and E. Please choose the best answer.Article 1 preventive medicine is to study the relationship between environmental factors and environment in A and human bodyB, the relationship be
2、tween the human body and the environmentC, the relationship between human health and healthD. Relationship of human conditionThe relationship between human function and EReference:CThe biological factors that affect health do not include which of the following A and biological fociB. genetic disease
3、sC, matureD, developmentE, agingReference:a.The sample in the sampling study is part A and part of the wholeB. Any part of the populationC. Typical parts of the populationD. A representative part of the populationE, none of the aboveReference:DThe fourth question is from two samples from the same ge
4、neral population. The average number of samples of the following indicators is more reliable than that of A and SXB, CVC, SD, t0.05, v. SE,Reference:a.The meaning of the total 95% confidence interval is A, 95% normal value in this rangeB, 95% sample rate is in this rangeC and 95% of the total is in
5、this rangeD, the probability of the overall rate in this range is 95%E, the probability of sample rate in this range is 95%Reference:DIn order to infer the population from the sample, the sample should be A and any part of the populationB. Typical parts of the populationC. A meaningful part of the w
6、holeD. A part of value in generalE, a representative part of the wholeReference:E7 some people (such as adult male) of some physiological indexes, such as systolic blood pressure) or biochemical indicators (such as blood sugar levels) generally refers to A normal range, the index of the range of all
7、 peopleB. The range of fluctuations of the index in all normal personsC. The range of fluctuations of the index in the majority of normal peopleD. The range of fluctuations of the index in a small number of normal peopleE. The range of fluctuations in a persons timeReference:CThe steps to statistica
8、l work include, in addition to A, data collectionB. Statistical designC. Analysis dataD. collating informationE. ConclusionReference:ENumber 9 indicates the frequency or strength of A phenomenon in terms of A and compositionB, indicators,C. Observation unitD, the rate ofE, percentageReference:DIn th
9、e 10 chi 2 test, the degree of freedom u is calculated as A and row by columnB, n - 1C. Sample contentD, (row - 1) (column -1)E, none of the aboveReference:DThe number 11 is sampled in the same normal state and 99% of the sample mean is in the range of A,B,C,D,E,Reference:a.The data of numerical var
10、iables in the two groups are distributed in the two groups, but the mean difference is different. If the discrete trend is compared, the best indicators are A and the total distanceB, quartile spacingC, varianceD, standard deviationE. Variation coefficientReference:EThe sampling error of the sample
11、rate is applied to A,B,C,D,E,Reference:a.The correlation coefficient of question 14 reflects the relationship of A and dependence between thingsB. Function relationC, proportional relationD. CausalityE, correlationReference:EProblem 15 when P alpha, the difference is not significant, the following c
12、onclusion is that the wrong A and probably no differenceB. There are not enough observationsC. The comparisons are drawn from the same general populationD, according to the test level of alpha, not reject H0E, should reject H0Reference:EThe number 16 is A measure of A diseases threat to human lifeB.
13、 PrevalenceC, fatality rateD. Cure rateE, death rateReference:CIn the 17th epidemiological study, it was proved that the most reliable method was A, case-control studyB. investigation of current conditionsC. Cohort studyD. Sample surveyE, experimental epidemiologyReference:EIn the case control study
14、 of epidemiology, the best condition for selecting the control was A, non-patients in the group of patients, and other non-research factors and characteristics were comparable with the case groupB. A non-random sample of case population in central AfricaC. Non-patients in the group of patients, othe
15、r non-research factors are the same as the case groupD. People who have not been diagnosed with the diseaseE. Other non-research factors were comparable with the case groupReference:a.Number 19 in cohort studies, it is estimated that the incidence of the disease in A and the general population is th
16、e indicator of the association strength of A certain diseaseB. Exposure to the incidence of the disease in the populationC. Exposure of suspicious risk factors in the general populationD, ORE, RRReference:EArticle 20 the bias of epidemiology is divided into three categories: A, selection bias, mixed
17、 bias, and measurement biasB. Selection bias, information bias and mixed biasC, selection bias, information bias, and measurement biasD, recall bias, report bias, and measurement biasE, admission rate bias, susceptibility bias, no response bias three typesReference:BThe number of people with A certa
18、in biological effect is known as A, time-effect relationship, with the increase of exposure to environmental harmful substancesB. Dose-effect relationshipC, time - reaction relationshipD, dose-response relationshipE, dose - pathogenesisReference:DThe number 22 measures the frequency of new cases in
19、A population in A short period of timeB. incidence rateC. PrevalenceD. Infection rateE, incidence ratioReference:a.Problem 23 is to find patients as far as possible. In the process of developing screening methods, A and improve the sensitivity of the methodB. The specificity of the methodC. Reduce t
20、he false positive rateD, raise false negative rateE, the false negative rate is equal to the false positive rateReference:a.Problem 24 when A treatment can extend the patients life span, but cannot cure the disease, the incidence of the disease will rise in the populationB. The prevalence of the dis
21、ease will increaseC, the incidence of the disease, the incidence rate will riseD, the prevalence of the disease will decreaseThe incidence of the disease will decreaseReference:BThe most important purpose of the distribution of disease is to describe the prevalence of diseases and to explore the inf
22、luencing factorsB. Discover new diseasesC. Calculate relevant measurement indicatorsD. Evaluate preventive effectsE. Research etiologyReference:a.Question 26 is A regular report on the representative and specific population that can reflect A certain basic epidemic situation in the general populatio
23、nB. Passive monitoringC. Sentinel monitoringD, hospital based monitoringE, active monitoringReference:CThe main environment of preventive medicine study includes A, living environment and production environmentB, air, water, soilC, native environment and secondary environmentD, natural environment a
24、nd social environmentE, living environment and professional environmentReference:DThe following are the direct damage to the health of air pollution, except for A, acute poisoningB, the body immunity decreasedC, children rickets increasedD. AllergyE. CarcinogenesisReference:CThe following is the mos
25、t accurate description of clinical preventive services (A), A clinical treatment serviceB. A primary health serviceC. The first and second level of prevention services are implemented in clinical SettingsD. Implementation of tertiary prevention services in clinical SettingsE, treatment services impl
26、emented in the communityReference:CThe main indicator for evaluating the nutritional value of protein is the content of A and proteinB. Protein digestion and absorptionC. Use of proteinD. Amino acid patternE, protein content, digestion and absorption of the bodyReference:EThe 31th is mixed with cere
27、al food, and the essential amino acids which are the most deficient in cereals are A and lysineB, threonineC, a sulfur (an egg)D, leucineE, isoleucineReference:a.In the global consensus definition of metabolic syndrome, which was proposed by the international diabetes federation in 2005, the standar
28、d of the Chinese central obesity epidemic is the waist circumference A, the female is greater than 85 cm and the male is 95 cmB, females are greater than 80 cm and males are greater than 90 cmC, females are greater than 85 cm and males are greater than 90 cmD, females are greater than 80 cm and male
29、s are greater than 95 cmE, none of the above is correctReference:BThe 33rd exercise can improve lipid metabolism, so that A, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, LDL and high-density lipoprotein are elevatedB, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, LDL, and
30、high-density lipoproteinC, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, low density lipid lowering,High density lipoproteinD, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, low density lipoprotein, and HDL decreaseE, thats not trueReference:CThe epidemiology of coronary heart disease is correc
31、t in that A and women have A higher risk of coronary heart disease than menB. In most developed countries, the incidence of coronary heart disease is decreasing, and the incidence of coronary heart disease in China is decreasingC. the south has more disease than the northD, sex and age were unrelate
32、d to the risk of coronary heart diseaseE, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking are three major independent risk factors for coronary heart diseaseReference:EIn the 35th high temperature operation, the body changes the physiological function, which often affects the function of the followin
33、g system, except for A and nervous systemB. Cardiovascular systemC. Digestive systemD. immune systemE, urinary systemReference:DIn question 36, the influence of non-ionizing radiation is frequently encountered in the population. Which of the following does not belong to non-ionizing radiation A and
34、ultraviolet radiationB. RadiationC, visible lightD, laserE, infraredReference:BThe three main characteristics of occupational chronic mercury poisoning are A, excitability, tremor and stomatitisB, excitability, oral inflammation, dermatitisC, excitability, tremor, blood pressure pulse temperature dr
35、opD, excitability, tremor, nephritisE, excitability, oral inflammation, enteritisReference:a.Article 38 acute benzene poisoning mainly damages A and respiratory systemB. nervous systemC. Hematopoietic systemD, digestive systemE, cardiovascular systemReference:BQuestion 39. Which of the following gas
36、es belongs to the irritating gas A and Cl2B, COC, H2S,D, CH4E, CO2Reference:a.The nutritional effects of dietary fiber in question 40 do not include A and supply the body heatB. Lowering blood cholesterolC. stimulate bowel movementsD, prevent colon and rectal cancerE, increase fecal volumeReference:
37、a.Problem 41 food poisoning caused by food contamination is A, river dolphin poisoningB, cassava poisoningC. Toadstool poisoningD. Kidney poisoningE, botulinum toxin food poisoningReference:EThe highest amount of fugu toxin is A, brain and liverB, kidneys, seminal vesiclesC, ovary, liverD, skin, eye
38、sE, blood, gillsReference:CThe optimum ratio of carbohydrate heating to total thermal energy in the diet of Chinese residents is A and 70%E, none of the aboveReference:CThe main poison of tetrodotoxin is A, which causes the blood pressure to dropB, cause brain nerve injuryC. HypothermiaD, causes aut
39、onomic nervous disorderE, block the voluntary muscle progressive paralysis caused by the conduction of muscle nerveReference:EThe most vulnerable nutrients in the cooking process are A and vitamin AB vitamin EC, vitamin DVitamin B1E, vitamin CReference:EIn the case of most infectious diseases, which
40、 of the following is the most common infection in the following infectionB. Recessive infectionC. Latent infectionD. The state of bacteriaE, insect stateReference:BThe source of the infection is A person with A pathogen in the bodyB. People and animals with pathogens in the bodyC. there are pathogen
41、s and animals in the bodyD, the person who has the pathogen in the body to reproduce the pathogenE. the person and the animal that have the pathogen in the body to reproduce the pathogenReference:EThe path of communication 48 is A, consisting of A series of foci that have been linked to one anotherB
42、, the source of infection and the pathogens that the pathogen has expelled can spread to the regionC. After the pathogen is expelled from the infected body, it can then invade the whole process of the external environment of the susceptible organismD, the person and animal that have the pathogen to
43、reproduce and excrete pathogens in the bodyThe extent to which the population as a whole is susceptible to an infectious diseaseReference:CThe most convenient and reliable measure of prevention of endemic goiter is A, iodideB, iodized sugarC, iodized salt or oilD, iodized water qualityE, immigration
44、Reference:CArticle 50 the diseases directly caused by occupational exposure to occupational harmful factors in occupational activities are referred to as A and work-related diseasesB, inductrial injuryC, occupational polymorbidD. occupational diseaseE. Professional characteristicsReference:DQuestion
45、 51 is the wrong approach to iatrogenic infection, which is the wrong A and cross infectionB, air,C, medicine,D. Medical equipmentE, handReference:a.The main risk factors for malignant tumors are A and biological factorsB. physical factorsC. Chemical factorsD. physical activityE. Social psychological factor