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1、 课程名称： 数字电路逻辑设计 设计项目：四路彩灯显示系统设计 专业班级： 通信 学号： 学生姓名： 同组人姓名： 指导教师： 设计课题：四路彩灯显示系统设计一、 设计目的1、 熟悉常用中规模计数器的逻辑功能。2、 掌握技术、译码电路的工作原理及应用。3、 熟悉移位寄存器的工作原理、典型应用和调试方法。 二、 设计任务与要求设计一个四路彩灯控制器,设计要求如下：（1） 接通电源后，彩灯可以自动按预先设置的程序循环闪烁。（2） 设置的彩灯花型由三个节拍组成：第一节拍：四路彩灯从左向右逐次渐亮，灯亮时间1s，共用4s；第二节拍：四路彩灯从右向左逐次渐灭，也需4s；第三节拍：四路彩灯同时亮0.5s,
2、然后同时变暗,进行4次,所需时间也为4s。（3）三个节拍完成一个循环，一共需要12s。一次循环之后重复进行闪烁。三、设计原理 图(a)四路彩灯控制流程图 四路彩灯即有四路发光二极管输出，设依次为、，若用高电平“1”表示灯亮，低电平“0”表示灯灭，由课程设计要求可知四路彩灯显示系统有如下表所示的输出显示。 四路彩灯输出显示说 明输 出所用时间 开机初态0 0 0 0 第一节拍逐次渐亮1 0 0 01 1 0 01 1 1 01 1 1 11s1s1s1s第二节拍逆序渐灭1 1 1 01 1 0 01 0 0 00 0 0 01s1s1s1s第三节拍同时亮0.5s，然后同时灭0.5s，进行四次1
3、1 1 10 0 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 1 1 10 0 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 0 00.5s0.5s0.5s0.5s0.5s0.5s0.5s0.5s分析可知，要实现上表所示功能，需要一个分频器起节拍产生和控制作用，每4s一个节拍，3个节拍共12s后反复循环。一个节拍结束后应产生一个信号到节拍程序执行器，完成彩灯渐亮、渐灭、同时亮、同时灭等功能。分频及节拍控制可以用同步十六进制计数器74LS161实现模12分频及节拍控制；彩灯渐亮、渐灭可以用器件的左移、右移功能来实现，因此可选用移位寄存器74LS194来完成。同时亮0.5s、同时灭0.5s可考虑把1Hz的秒脉冲信号直
4、接加到输出显示端来完成。综上所述，要完成四路彩灯显示功能需要有分频器、节拍控制器、节拍程序执行器及脉冲源等电路。四、设计实现1、分频及节拍控制的实现分频及节拍控制可以用同步十六进制计数器74LS161实现模12分频及节拍控制。 12进制循环控制电路示意图2、彩灯花样输出电路记第一，二，三节拍分别为有效时间应为4秒，结束马上开始，后马上开始，如此循环不断。为此可考虑采用移位寄存器构成的移位型控制器。由于有三个状态，因此需要用三个触发器对现时状态进行记忆，为使各状态的有效时间间隔为4秒，则驱动该移位控制器动作时钟周期应为4秒。应在开机瞬间，使移位型控制器的状态被确定下来，即节拍应为100，可控制输
5、入信号使触发器置位、复位来实现。 为实现功能要求器件具有右移功能，为实现功能要求器件有左移功能；而且左、右移输入可为“0”也可为“1”；为实现功能，要求器件同时具有并行置数功能。因此可选用一种具有左移、右移和并行置数功能的通用移位寄存器74LS194。运用到74LS194功能表输入输出功能S1S0CPSLSRD0D1D3D3Q0Q1Q2Q300000清零111d0d1d2d3d0d1d2d3送数10111Q0Q1Q2右移1100Q1Q2Q30左移74LS194具有并行输入端A、B、C、D，并行输出端、，右移输入端SR，左移输入端SL和模式控制输入端，以及一个无条件直接清除端CLR。模式控制输入
6、，有00、01、10、11四种组合方式，分别表示双向移位寄存器所具有的四种功能，即禁止、右移、左移和并行置数。为了使当=100时， =01（右移），=010时，=10（左移），当=001时=11（并行置数）。74LS194的输出端初态均为零，在开机瞬间，使移位控制端 的状态被确定下来，即 =100时， =01 右移串行数据输入端 SR经脉冲信号经四分频电路和 通过两或门组成的节拍电路，使四路彩灯从右到左依次亮共 4秒 ，当 =010 =10 左移串行数据输入端 SL经脉冲信号经四分频电路和 通过两或门组成的节拍电路，使四路彩灯从左到右依次灭共 4秒， =001 =11 并行数据输入端 A、B、
7、C、D经脉冲信号经四分频电路和 通过两或门组成的节拍电路，使四路彩灯同时为“ 1”0.5秒、同时为“0”0.5秒，重复4遍共4秒，完成一个循环共需12秒，12个CP脉冲。 2、设计实现下图为四路彩灯显示的一种简易实现电路。该电路选用同步十六进制计数器74LS161实现模12分频及节拍控制，用4位双向移位寄存器74LS194实现彩灯的渐亮、渐灭功能。四路彩灯显示系统的实现电路四路彩灯显示系统的工作过程如下表所示。74161的输出为；74194的输出为；四路彩灯的输出为。74194的工作方式控制端，。在第一节拍中，74194实现右移功能，即在时钟脉冲作用下，把逐次移进；在第二节拍中，74194实现
8、左移功能，即在时钟脉冲作用下，把逐次反方向移进。由于前两个节拍中，门G关闭，输出为0，因此四路彩灯的输出。在第三节拍中，74194仍然左移，一直保持为0000。此时，门G打开，时钟脉冲CP同时加到四个输出端，由于CP是1Hz秒脉冲，在1s时间内高电平和低电平持续时间均为0.5s，因此实现同时亮0.5s、同时灭0.5s，在4s内共进行4次。第三节拍结束后返回第一节拍，如此反复，实现四路彩灯循环显示。四路彩灯工作过程说明秒脉冲74LS16174LS194彩灯输出 第一节拍0 0 0 00 0 0 10 0 1 00 0 1 1 0 10 10 10 11 0 0 01 1 0 01 1 1 01
9、1 1 11 0 0 01 1 0 01 1 1 01 1 1 1第二节拍0 1 0 00 1 0 10 1 1 00 1 1 11 01 01 01 01 1 1 01 1 0 01 0 0 00 0 0 01 1 1 01 1 0 01 0 0 00 0 0 0第三节拍1 0 0 0 1 0 0 11 0 1 01 0 1 11 01 01 01 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 01Hz时钟CP注：时钟由第三节拍的1011返回到第一节拍的0000循环进行五、Multisim仿真 初始状态 01S 1 2S 2 3S 34S 45S 56S 67S 78S 88.5S
10、 8.59S 99.5S 9.510S 1010.5S 10.511S 1111.5S 11.512S六、组装与调试实验仪器：数字电路试验箱 导线若干条 74LS00一个, 74LS32两个，74LS161一个，74LS194一个，74LS10一个按照仿真的电路图和上面芯片的引脚图在数字电路试验箱上连好线路，调好秒脉冲为1Hz经检查无误后，接通电源可看到二极管输出自动从初始状态按照规定程序完成3个节拍的循环演示。第一节拍：四路彩灯从左向右逐次渐亮。第二节拍：四路彩灯从右向左逐次渐灭。第三节拍：四路彩灯同时亮,然后同时变暗，则实验任务完成。七、实验结论及心得通过本学期对数字电路逻辑设计一书的学习
11、，结合自身所学知识和上网查资料完成了本次四路彩灯显示系统的课程设计。在此次课程设计实验中，通过查找资料和网上搜索相关资料，我学会了寄存器的使用方法， 熟悉了寄存器的一般应用，基本掌握了数字系统设计和调试的方法。网上的资料也很多，也很杂乱，在查找资料的同时我学会了如何分辨资料是否有用，并对资料进行了归类和总结。对于网上查找的资料我更多的是借鉴，然后自己对电路进行改进。在这次课程设计中，最困难的是现实中的电路同电脑上的仿真是有一定的差距，这就需要在原电路进行不断的分析、改进。在实验室搭建调试电路的过程需要的是耐心和细心的。在以前做数电实验时我就有过因为没对每个芯片检查而出现错误，因而吃一堑长一智，
12、在以后的实验中养成了实验前检查芯片的良好习惯。对每一个芯片都进行了检查，这有两个好处：其一是熟悉芯片的原理，这有利于对整体电路的检查；其二当然是测试芯片的好坏，可减少一定的工作量，避免搭好电路后检查错误走入死胡同。在这次课程设计中我学到了很多也收获了很多，谢谢同学和老师的帮助，才使我顺利完成了这次课设。八、参考文献数字电路逻辑设计 王毓银主编数字电路硬件设计实践 贾秀美Opinions and suggestions on the partys mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, muni
13、cipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee about carrying out the partys mass line educational practice activity in the citys implementation opinions, the spirit of the partys mass line educational practice activities from 20* in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels
14、of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations. According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Par
15、ty of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance, conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really, opinions and advice , party implementing
16、 the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements, step method, in accordance with the look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Z
17、huang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations , double section provincial
18、regulations, municipal provisions of the twelve plan and the implementation measures for on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building, carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the
19、 problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish
20、the foundation to further reinforce the basic level. Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below
21、county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township, street, and community, village, non-public economic organizations, social organizations and other grass-roots organizations. Agencies and branches, each single unit, follow the rules on internal institutio
22、ns. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service industry, educational practice, pay attention to grasp the
23、 heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the partys education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude
24、, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door, the participation of the
25、 masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key
26、 point of the taskThe main task of the countys education practice is to seize against four wind this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the style, scale behavior to a large scale investigation,
27、overhaul, cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems, solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, p
28、rivileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a) focus on solving the four winds outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements,
29、 the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play, to engage in image project, political project, a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county. The units directly under the heavy foc
30、us on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin, work is not implemented, the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies,
31、 and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establi
32、sh brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs
33、, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the grou
34、p, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic
35、activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the e
36、xisting business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial
37、development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core compet
38、itiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.