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1、镍基合金（Nickel base alloy）Nickel base alloyNickel-based alloy refers to the 650 1000 high temperature with high strength and certain oxidation corrosion resistance and so on comprehensive performance of the alloy. According to the main properties, it is divided into ni - based alloy, nickel - based cor
2、rosion alloy, nickel - based abrasion alloy, nickel-base precision alloy and nickel-base shape memory alloy. The high temperature alloy is divided into: iron base high temperature alloy, nickel base high temperature alloy and cobalt base high temperature alloy. Nickel-based high temperature alloy is
3、 short for nickel base alloy.According to the main properties, the main properties are divided into nickel - based alloy, nickel-based corrosion resistant alloy, nickel-base wear-resisting alloy, nickel-base precision alloy and nickel-base shape memory alloy.Corrosion resistant alloyThe main alloy e
4、lements are copper, chromium and molybdenum. It has good comprehensive properties and can resist all kinds of acid corrosion and stress corrosion. The earliest application (produced in the United States in 1905) is a Ni - Cu alloy, also known as Monel alloy (Ni 70 Cu30). Chromium and nickel (Ni - Cr
5、 alloys (nickel base is heat resistant alloy, heat-resistant alloy corrosion of corrosion resistant alloy), nickel molybdenum (Ni - Mo) alloy (mainly refers to the hartz alloy B series, the domestic enterprise in producing corrosion resistant alloy with iron and steel research institute, Beijing tre
6、asure titanium group rare metal materials company, etc.), nickel chromium molybdenum (Ni - Cr - Mo alloy (mainly refers to the hartz alloy C series, domestic professional corrosion resistant alloy production enterprises have Beijing iron and steel research institute, Beijing melting technology co.,
7、LTD., treasure titanium group rare metal materials company, etc.), etc. At the same time, pure nickel is also a typical representative of the alloy. These nickel-base corrosion-resistant alloys are mainly used in the manufacture of petroleum, chemical, electric and other corrosive environment.Nickel
8、-base corrosion-resistant alloys are mostly austenite. In the state of solid solution and aging treatment, the austenitic matrix and crystal boundary of the alloy have the presence of metallic intermetallic and metallic carbon nitrides, and various corrosion-resistant alloys are classified and their
9、 characteristics are as follows:Ni - Cu alloy in reducing medium corrosion resistance is superior to nickel, and corrosion resistance in oxidizing medium is better than that of copper, it under the condition of anaerobic and oxidant, is high temperature resistant fluorine, hydrofluoric acid and hydr
10、ogen fluoride (see metal corrosion) of the best material.Ni - Cr alloy is also the nickel base alloy. It is mainly used in oxidizing medium. The corrosion resistance of high temperature oxidation and sulfur, vanadium and other gases increases with the increase of chromium content. This kind of alloy
11、 also has the ability of good hydroxide (such as NaOH, KOH) corrosion and stress corrosion resistance.The Ni - Mo alloy is mainly used in the condition of reducing corrosion of the primary medium. It is one of the best alloys for the corrosion resistance of hydrochloric acid, but the corrosion resis
12、tance will decrease significantly in the presence of oxygen and oxidants.Ni - Cr - Mo (W) alloy has the properties of Ni - Cr alloy and Ni - Mo alloy. It is mainly used in oxidizing - reducing mixing medium. Such alloys are resistant to corrosion in hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric
13、 acid solution, and wet chlorine gas at room temperature.The ni-cr-mo - Cu alloy has the ability to resist nitric acid and sulfuric acid corrosion, and also has good corrosion resistance in some oxidation - reducing mixed acid.Application fieldNickel base alloys in many fields, such as:1. Ocean: Mar
14、ine structures of Marine environment,Water desalination, water aquaculture, water heat exchange, etc.2. Environmental protection: flue gas desulfurization device for thermal power generation, waste water treatment, etc.3. Energy fields: nuclear power generation, comprehensive utilization of coal, ti
15、dal power generation and so on.4. Petrochemical industry: oil refining, chemical chemical equipment, etc.5. Food industry: salt, soy sauce brewing, etc. In many of these areas, the standard stainless steel 304 is not competent, in these special areas, special stainless steel is indispensable and can
16、not be replaced. In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, with the continuous improvement of the industrial level, more and more projects require higher stainless steel. The demand for nickel-base alloys has increased in various industries. In 2011, Chinas nickel base alloy market rea
17、ched 23.07 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 19.47%. Therefore, the industry development level is in a steady upward trend.Wear resistant alloyThe main alloy elements are chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and a small amount of niobium, tantalum and indium. In addition to the abrasion resistance,
18、its oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, welding property. Wear-resistant parts can also be made as cladding materials, which can be covered by surfacing and spraying process on other substrate material surfaces.The powder of nickel - based alloy powder and non - self - melt alloy powder.The
19、non-self-melting nickel base powder is a nickel base alloy powder without B, Si or B, Si or Si. This kind of powder is widely used in plasma arc spraying coating, flame spray coating and plasma surface reinforcement. Mainly includes: Ni - Cr alloy powder, the Ni - Cr, Mo alloy powder, the Ni - Cr -
20、Fe alloy powder, the Ni - Cu alloy powder, Ni - P - P and Ni - Cr alloy powder, the Ni - Cr - Mo - Fe and Ni - Cr alloy powder - Mo - Si high wear-resistant alloy powder, Ni - Cr - Fe - Al alloy powder, the Ni - Cr - Fe - Al - B - Si alloy powder, Ni - Cr - Si alloy powder, Ni - Cr - W wear-resistin
21、g corrosion resistant alloy powder, etc.In the nickel alloy powder, the nickel - based alloy powder is formed by adding a moderate amount of B and Si. So-called fluxed alloy powder which is also called eutectic alloy, hard facing alloys, are joining in nickel, cobalt, iron base alloy to form low mel
22、ting eutectic alloy element (mainly boron and silicon) formed by a series of powder materials. Commonly used nickel-based fluxed alloy powder with Ni - B - Si alloy powder, Ni - Cr - B - Si alloy powder, the Ni - Cr - B - Si - Mo, Ni - Cr - B - Si - Mo - Cu, high molybdenum nickel base fluxed alloy
23、powder, high chromium molybdenum nickel base fluxed alloy powder, Ni - Cr - W - C fluxed alloy powder, high copper fluxed alloy powder, tungsten carbide dispersion type nickel-based fluxed alloy powder, etc.The role of various elements in alloy:The effect of boron and silicon elements: significantly
24、 reduce the melting point of the alloy and expand the temperature zone of the solid liquid phase to form a low-melting eutectic crystal; Deoxygenation reduction and slag making function; Hardening and strengthening of coating; Improve the operating process performanceThe role of copper element is to
25、 improve the corrosion resistance of non-oxidizing acidsThe role of chromium element: solid solution strengthening and passivation; Improved corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance; The rich chromium is easy to form with carbon and boron to form carbonized chromium and boron c
26、hromium hard phase to improve alloy hardness and wear resistanceThe effects of molybdenum elements: large atomic radius, large distortion of lattice after solid solution,The high temperature strength and red hardness of the matrix are enhanced by significantly enhanced alloy matrix. It can cut off a
27、nd reduce the reticular tissue in the coating. Improve the anti-cavitation and erosion resistance.Precision alloyIncluding nickel-base soft magnetic alloy, nickel base precision resistance alloy and nickel-base electrothermal alloys. The most commonly used soft - magnetic alloy is a bomo alloy conta
28、ining about 80 % of nickel. Its maximum magnetic conductivity and initial magnetic conductivity are high, and low coercive force is an important core material in the electronics industry. Nickel-based precision are the main alloying element resistance alloy chromium, aluminum, copper, the alloy with
29、 high resistivity, low temperature coefficient of resistivity and good corrosion resistance, used to make the resistor. Nickel-based alloy electrical is 20% chromium nickel alloy, has good oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, and can be used in 1000 1100 temperature for a long time.Memory all
30、oyNickel alloy containing 50 (at) % of titanium. The response temperature is 70 , shape memory effect is good. A small amount of change nickel titanium component proportion, can make the response changes within 30 to 100 temperature. It is used for the automatic opening of the spacecraft, the self-e
31、xcitation fasteners for the aerospace industry, the artificial heart motors used in biomedicine, etc.The market analyses the home market1. Competition patternThe main application of nickel alloy in the household domain is electronic electrical products, mainly used in TV manufacturing, home applianc
32、e manufacturing, etc.Predicted lead frame copper alloy strip will completely take the place of nickel alloy lead frame strip, the current through the market screening and classification shows that cannot completely replace nickel alloy, and has basically formed nickel alloy accounted for 20%, 80% th
33、e proportion of copper alloy. In recent years, with the miniaturization of integrated circuits, Ni42 nickel alloy strip has been expanded with special performance.Ii. Driving force1. The localization of nickel-base alloy materials is low and the opportunity is greaterOur country has features of the
34、production of color TV is the worlds superpower, but so far, the article with a metal functional materials basically rely on imports, localization rate is less than 10%, features of the materials for the precision alloy industry development in our country provides development space, high precision p
35、recision alloy plate strip has been included in the state encourages the development of high-tech projects, so the tube television with nickel alloy strip will still have a large quantity.The irreplaceability of nickel-base alloy materials in TV industry3. Advantages of low expansion nickel alloy ar
36、e obvious3. Obstacles1. The home electronics industry, such as TV, is highly competitive and enters the era of micro-profitsThe color TV industry is one of the most marketized industries in the appliance industry, even compared with any industry in the economy. Low price strategy of competition make
37、s the color TV industry as a whole has entered a meager profit era, of course, this may only for the domestic color TV manufacturers and price war, foreign multinationals may not be the same.2. The decline of nickel base alloy in the household electronics industryThe commercial marketFirst, the comp
38、etitive landscapeThe international nickel research organisation (INSG) expects global nickel consumption to rise from 1.43 million tonnes in 2010 to 1.53 million tonnes in 2011. INSGs production forecasts for 2010 and 2011 do not include adjustment factors that may affect output, such as strikes at
39、Sudbury mines in vale in 2009/10. The nickel market in 2009 was about 110,000 tons.Global output is 1.35 million tons, with consumption of 1.24 million tons.Ii. Driving forceThe domestic nickel alloy market demand is increasing rapidly, the development prospect is good, and at present the domestic n
40、ickel alloy strip processing industry is in the old industry and the new industry replacement stage, the market opportunity is good. Domestic nickel alloy processing level the overall backward, embodied in technology, product specifications, product quality, production scale, etc., countries in urge
41、nt need of electronic electrician industry nickel alloy strip, industrial construction nickel alloy plate, etc3. Obstacles1. The domestic nickel alloy processing level is backwardMainly reflected in technology, product specifications, product quality, production scale, etc., international electronic
42、 electrician in urgent need of nickel alloy strip nickel alloy plate, industrial construction, etc., at present most of the dependence on foreign imports, are constrained by the abroad. Therefore, comprehensively enhance the level of nickel alloy processing, speed up the product structure adjustment
43、 and technology progress is very urgent, this is a country of nickel alloy on the development of the industry, is also necessary to speed up economic development.The price of raw materials fluctuates greatly, becoming the main competition point of the futureNickel and nickel alloy board strip as imp
44、ortant metal materials have very strong appreciation ability, with the development of Chinas economy a few nickel alloy plate to nickel strip increasingly strong demand, prices will also change along with the development of the market.GH3039 (GH30) GH3039 (GH39) GH3044 (GH44) GH3128 (GH3128) GH3128 (GH3128) GH3128 (GH536)GH3625 (GH625) GH4033 (GH33) GH4037 (gh43) GH4049 (GH4133B)GH4169 (GH169) GH4220 (gh2220) GH4698 (GH698) GH80A GHGH170 GH600 GH600 GH652 GH706GH710 GH738 GH742 GH901