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1、 e1 Methanol Handbook August 2013 Table of Contents 1. e1 Methanol Blend Description - Summary 2. Methanol Fuel Testing 3. IMPCA Methanol Reference Specifications 4. Water Purity Specifications 5. Methanol Safe Handling FAQs 6. Methanol Safety Data Sheet- Methanol 7. Methanol Safe Handling Manual 8.
2、 Atmospheric Above Ground Tank Storage 9. Methanol Drum Transport, Handling and Storage 10. Freezing, Boiling and Flash Points 11. Methanol/Water Volume by Temperature 1. e1 Methanol Blend Description - Summary DISCLAIMERS: 1) Methanol is classified by the International Code Council (ICC) and the Na
3、tional Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) under the Uniform Fire Code as a “1B Flammable Liquid”. Guidelines for handling 1B flammable liquids are provided by codes and standards published by ICC, NFPA, and the International Fire Code. 2) Improper fuel blending or fuel inputs that do not meet the purity
4、requirements in this specification may cause product malfunction and void the e1 Warranty for Hydrogen Generators. CAUTION- Before handling, transporting or storing methanol, refer to the Material Safety Sheet and Methanol Safe Handling FAQs contained in this handbook, or contact the Methanol Instit
5、ute at www.methanol.org PRODUCT DESCRIPTION: The fuel blend for e1 reformers is a hydrogen rich mixture of methanol 1) fuel sourcing; 2) product blend ratio; 3) methanol/water purity standards; 4) storage guidelines; 5) transportation and handling guidelines. 1. Fuel Sourcing. IMPCA grade methanol i
6、s available worldwide, and regionally through petroleum or chemical distributors. These regional resellers may have “drumming” capabilities, that is, the ability to blend methanol and pure water at their fuel depot. The fuel may be blended onsite according to the following specifications, or purchas
7、ed pre-blended from chemical or fuel distributors. Brenntag Corporation offers the fuel blend in several container sizes under the brand name of HydroPlus. Brenntag part #s are listed below. 2. Product Blend Ratio. Mixed by weight, not volume. Methanol content: 62-63%; Distilled or De-Ionized water
8、meeting a minimum of ASTM Type III standards: 37-38%. Methanol and water volume vary according to temperature, so it is important to measure blend by weight. The following calculation is based on ambient temperature at 20C. Note: container should be pre-weighed, then its weight factored out of blend
9、 equation. Example A: 55 gallon drum mixed by weight at 62.5% methanol/37.5% DI water: 35.4 gallons methanol 6.63 lbs/gal = 235 lbs methanol (.625 weight) 17 gallons DI water 8.35 lbs/gal =142 lbs DI water (.375 weight) 377 lb batch weight (excluding drum) makes about 52.4 gallons at 20C BRENNTAG: #
10、812546 (HydroPlus) 55 gallon drum Example B: 5 gallon tank mixed by weight, same mix ratio: 3.3 gallons methanol 6.63lbs/gal = 22 lbs methanol (.625 weight) PRODUCT BLEND RATIO DI Water 37-38% weight Methanol 62-63% weight 1.5 gallons DI water 8.35 lbs/gal = 13 lbs DI water (.375 weight) 35 lb batch
11、 weight (excluding container) makes about 4.8 gallons at 20C BRENNTAG: #919514 (HydroPlus) 5 gallon container 3. Water must be distilled or de-Ionized and meet ASTM Type III purity standards or higher. Water may be sourced already purified, or purified at the distribution location using a water puri
12、fication vessel supplied by a water purification reseller. WATER PURITY STANDARD: (ASTM Type III Refer to www.astm.org category D1193-06 Regeant Water for additional information. Type III grade of reagent water shall be prepared by distillation, ion exchange, continuous electrodeionization reverse o
13、smosis, or a combination thereof, followed by polishing with a 0.45-um membrane filter. Electrical conductivity, max, uS/cm at 25C 4.0 Electrical resistivity, min, Mcm 25 C 0.25 pH 25 C A Total organic carbon (TOC), max ug/L 200 Sodium, max, ug/L 10 Chlorides, max, ug/L 10 Total silica, max, ug/L 50
14、0 WATER SOURCING/NORTH AMERICA- Local water purification companies provide purification vessels capable of cleaning water to ASTM Type III standards. USA: “Find Your Dealer”, or , www.parish- Canada: . Internet Search “water purification”. 4. Storage Guidelines. Methanol blended with water is consid
15、ered a flammable material, and can be corrosive to some non-ferrous alloys, and react with certain plastics and composites. Recommended storage vessels include 55-gallon plastic drums, or plastic-lined steel drums or containers, or plastic or 304 stainless steel totes. For additional detail, refer t
16、o Methanol Safe Handling FAQs and Technical Bulletins available at www.methanol.org and by codes and standards published by ICC, NFPA, and the International Fire Code. 5. Transportation and Handling Guidelines. Methanol is classified by the International Code Council (ICC) and the National Fire Prot
17、ection Agency (NFPA) under the Uniform Fire Code as a “1B Flammable Liquid”. For specific transportation standards, reference the Department of Transportation, International Maritime Organization, International Air Transport Association, and the Intergovernmental Organization for International Carri
18、age by Rail. 2. Methanol Fuel Testing WARNING: Failure to use qualified fuel in Element 1 hydrogen generators may lead to premature failure of the system and void the product Warranty. e1 specifies IMPCA grade methanol and water purified to ASTM Type III grade. Methanol/water fuel quality is critica
19、l to the correct and reliable operation of the H-series hydrogen generator, care should be taken to ensure that fuel is quality checked when either purchasing pre-blended fuel or mixing it on-site. Once fuel quality has been demonstrated, periodic checks to ensure quality is maintained will help the
20、 hydrogen generator reliably make optimum quantity and quality hydrogen for many hours. There are five tests recommended by Element 1: Appearance Test 1. Check that the methanol/water fuel blend has been shipped or stored in the approved storage container materials (see “Methanol and Water Feedstock
21、 Blend” document, section 4 (a), “Storage Guidelines” under the Element 1 website Resources). Deionized water is extremely corrosive to many metals and rust or metal oxides will contaminate the fuel. 2. Pour a sample of the methanol/water fuel into a previously cleaned, clear 250 ml graduated cylind
22、er approved for methanol contact. 3. Hold the graduated cylinder up to a bright light (sun, flashlight, etc) and look for any suspended particles. 4. Reject the fuel if any particles are detected in the fuel. Particles can cause the fuel pump to fail, clog the reactor and cause pre-mature failure of
23、 the hydrogen generator. Conductivity Test 1. Rinse the conductivity detector contacts with distilled or deionized water. 2. Insert the detector contacts into the fuel and measure the conductivity of the sample from the meter. 3. Fuel conductivity should not be higher than 10S. Conductivity levels h
24、igher than this is reason for fuel rejection, as fuel contamination from salts or minerals is indicated. Weight Percent Methanol Test 1. In a clear 250 ml graduated cylinder, pour in enough fuel sample to float the 0.800 to 0.910 range hydrometer (roughly 175 mls). 2. Spin the hydrometer to dislodge
25、 any bubbles that are sticking to the hydrometer. Bubbles will cause the hydrometer to float too high and create an inaccurate density reading. 3. Insert the digital thermometer into the graduated cylinder and read the temperature. 4. Read the specific gravity on the linear scale. Using the “Weight
26、Percent Methanol in mixture of Methanol/Water” graph, below, determine the weight percent methanol by using the fuel temperature and density. Weight Percent Methanol in mixture of Methanol/Water Light Weight % Optimum Weight % Methanol Unsafe Weight % Methanol Temp (Celsius) 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 0 0
27、.910 0.908 0.906 0.904 0.901 0.899 0.897 2 0.909 0.907 0.904 0.902 0.900 0.898 0.896 4 0.907 0.905 0.903 0.901 0.899 0.896 0.894 6 0.906 0.904 0.901 0.899 0.897 0.895 0.893 8 0.904 0.902 0.900 0.898 0.896 0.893 0.891 10 0.903 0.901 0.898 0.896 0.894 0.892 0.889 12 0.901 0.899 0.897 0.895 0.893 0.890
28、 0.888 14 0.900 0.898 0.895 0.893 0.891 0.889 0.886 16 0.898 0.896 0.894 0.892 0.890 0.887 0.885 18 0.897 0.895 0.893 0.890 0.888 0.886 0.883 20 0.895 0.893 0.891 0.889 0.887 0.884 0.882 22 0.894 0.892 0.89 0.887 0.885 0.883 0.880 24 0.892 0.890 0.888 0.886 0.884 0.881 0.879 26 0.891 0.889 0.887 0.8
29、84 0.882 0.880 0.877 28 0.889 0.887 0.885 0.883 0.881 0.878 0.876 30 0.888 0.886 0.884 0.881 0.879 0.877 0.874 As an example, if the fuel temperature is 28C, and the density of the fuel measured 0.884, the weight percent methanol of the fuel would be 62.5%, in the optimum weight percent range of 62
30、63 weight percent methanol. If the fuel tested at 64 or greater weight percent methanol (Unsafe Weight % Methanol), DO NOT RUN THE FUEL! High weight percent methanol will clog the reformer and cause premature failure. If the weight percent methanol is less than 62 (Light Weight %), the fuel will sti
31、ll work (down to 59 weight percent methanol) but will deliver lower amounts of hydrogen. Miscibility Test 1. Dilute one volume of mixed fuel with two volumes of DI or distilled water in a clear container 2. Check for any cloudiness or turbidity. If the sample is not clear, reject the fuel. Cloudines
32、s or turbidity when mixed with excess water indicates some type of hydrocarbon contamination that could harm the reformer. Silica Test 1. Follow the instructions on the silica test kit to test the fuel for silica. High silica content will eventually clog the hydrogen generator. Light yellow to sligh
33、tly green test results are okay, while dark green to blue results mean the fuel should not be used. 3. IMPCA Methanol Reference Specifications 4. Water Purity Specifications ASTM Type III WARNING: Failure to use qualified fuel in Element 1 hydrogen generators may lead to premature failure of the sys
34、tem and void the product Warranty. Water must be distilled or de-Ionized and meet ASTM Type III purity standards or higher. Water may be sourced already purified, or purified at the distribution location using a water purification vessel supplied by a water purification reseller. WATER PURITY STANDA
35、RD: (ASTM Type III Refer to www.astm.org category D1193-06 Regeant Water for additional information. Type III grade of reagent water shall be prepared by distillation, ion exchange, continuous electrodeionization reverse osmosis, or a combination thereof, followed by polishing with a 0.45-um membran
36、e filter. Electrical conductivity, max, uS/cm at 25C 4.0 Electrical resistivity, min, Mcm 25 C 0.25 pH 25 C A Total organic carbon (TOC), max ug/L 200 Sodium, max, ug/L 10 Chlorides, max, ug/L 10 Total silica, max, ug/L 500 WATER SOURCING/NORTH AMERICA- Local water purification companies provide pur
37、ification vessels capable of cleaning water to ASTM Type III standards. USA: “Find Your Dealer”, or , www.parish- Canada: . Internet Search “water purification”. Material Safety Data Sheet Instant FAME/Instant Anaerobe Methods Methanol Microbial ID Chemicals 1 MSDS Potassium Hydroxide Solution SECTI
38、ON 1 CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION MSDS Name: Methanol MSDS Preparation Date: 06/19/2009 Synonyms or Generic ID for Methanol: Carbinol; Methyl alcohol; Methyl hydroxide; Monohydroxymethane; Wood alcohol; Wood naptha; Wood spirits; Columbian spirits; Methanol. Chemical Family: Methanol
39、Family Formula: CH3OH Molecular Weight: N/A PIN (UN#/ NA#): UN1230 Company Identification: Microbial ID. 125 Sandy Drive Newark, DE 19713 For Information, call: (800)276-8068, (302)737-4297 For Domestic CHEMTREC assistance, call: 800-424-9300 For International CHEMTREC assistance, call: 703-527-3887
40、 SECTION 2 COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 67-56-1 Methanol 1000 ppm. May be dangerous if it enters water intakes. Methyl alcohol is expected to biodegrade in soil and water very rapidly. This product will show high soil mobility and will be degraded from the ambient atmosphere by the reacti
41、on with photochemically produced hyroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of 17.8 days. Bioconcentration factor for fish (golden ide) 99%),which is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 313 of SARA Title III and 40 CFR Part 373. Clean Air Act: CAS# 67-56-1 is listed as a hazardous air
42、 pollutant (HAP). This material does not contain any Class 1 Ozone depletors. This material does not contain any Class 2 Ozone depletors. Clean Water Act: None of the chemicals in this product are listed as Hazardous Substances under the CWA. None of the chemicals in this product are listed as Prior
43、ity Pollutants under the CWA. None of the chemicals in this product are listed as Toxic Pollutants under the CWA. OSHA: None of the chemicals in this product are considered highly hazardous by OSHA. STATE CAS# 67-56-1 can be found on the following state right to know lists: California, New Jersey, P
44、ennsylvania, Minnesota, Massachusetts. Material Safety Data Sheet Instant FAME/Instant Anaerobe Methods Methanol Microbial ID Chemicals 6 MSDS Potassium Hydroxide Solution California Prop 65 California No Significant Risk Level: None of the chemicals in this product are listed. European/Internationa
45、l Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: T F Risk Phrases: R 11 Highly flammable. R 23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 39/23/24/25 Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin
46、and if swallowed. Safety Phrases: S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). S 7 Keep container tightly closed. WGK (Water
47、 Danger/Protection) CAS# 67-56-1: 1 Canada - DSL/NDSL CAS# 67-56-1 is listed on Canadas DSL List. Canada - WHMIS This product has a WHMIS classification of B2, D1B, D2B. This product has been classified in accordance with the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products Regulations and the MSDS contai
48、ns all of the information required by those regulations. Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List CAS# 67-56-1 is listed on the Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List. SECTION 16 Other Information This Material Safety Data Sheet has been prepared in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1200 and contains information believed to be accurate and complete