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1、Passive Voice,一. 何时使用被动语态,1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要,Paper is made from wood.,He was wounded in the fight.,2. 需要强调动作的承受者时,Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.,He was awarded first prize in that contest.,3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使 用被动语 态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动 语态，使句子得以更好的安排。,The construction of t
2、he new lab must be completed by the end of next month.,Electricity is used to run machines.,Discusion: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态,什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？ 主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？ 3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？,什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？,主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态 主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态,We study English at school. English i
3、s studied by us at school.,我们用木头做家具。 那只老鼠被猫抓住了 相机是用来照相的。,Discusion 1: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态,主动语态,被动语态,被动语态,p.t.,Discusion 2: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态,We call the doctor. People dont play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday.,Decide if these sent
4、ences are active or passive.,Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned.,active,active,passive,active,passive,Exercise ：,1.The key _for locking the classroom door. A.uses B. is used C.is using D.use 2.A new school _over there two years ago. A. built B. was built C. build D. builds 3.The l
5、ost child _ on October 7,1998. A.was found B. is found C. found D. find 4.A talk on Chinese history_in the school hall yesterday. A.is given B.give C.was given D. gave,B,B,A,C,Disscusion 3: the active voice 主动语态 & the passive voice被动语态,主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分 要变？怎么变？,1. 把原句的宾语改为主语。,2. 把原句的谓语动词改为被动语态结构(
6、be + p.p.)。,3. 把原句的主语改为by的宾语（用宾格）,可省略。,e.g. She cleaned the room.,The room was cleaned ( by her).,1.They play basketball in their school.(改为被动语态) Basketball_ _in their school by them.,is played,2. The naughty boy broke the window. The window _ _ by the naughty boy. 3. People speak English all over t
7、he world. English _ _ by people all over the world.,Exercise ：,was broken,is spoken,Exercise ：translate the following sentences,这些照片是上星期拍的 。 这本书是鲁迅写的。 史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。 长江也叫扬子江。,These photos were taken last week.,This book was written by Lu Xun.,The Smiths were invited to the party.,The Changjiang Rive
8、r is also called theYangteze River.,Summary：,什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？ 主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？ 3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？,1.I washed my clothes once a day.,My clothes was washed (by me) once a day.,I was washed my clothes once a day.,X,2.They took Jim to the hospital.,3.Tom closed the shop just now.,They was t
9、ook Jim to the hospital.,Jim was taken to the hospital by them.,The shop closed Tom just now.,The shop was closed (by Tom) just now.,X,X,2 含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。,（1） 将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。,They call her XiaoLi. She is called XiaoLi.,（2) make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice. H 既动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不 加to,变为被动,必须
10、加to .,My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.,I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young.,I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night.,She was heard to move about in her room uptairs last night.,Did you see Jack take away the magazine?,Was Jack see
11、n to take away the magazine?,3. 情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+be+ p.p.构成,They can not find him.,He can not be found.,You must pay me for this.,I must be paid for this.,4. 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义.,The goods sells well. The door cant open.,5.有些词如want,need,require和 be worth后面 v-ing形式 为主动，意义为被动。,The room needs/wants/requires
12、cleaning.,The book is worth reading.,6.主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使 用形式替代 词it.,We know that Britain is an island country.,Its known that Britain is an island country.,7. 据说类动词：,say, consider, think, report, know, believe, suggest, understand, hope, etc.,如：It is said that There is said to be Sth./Sb. is said t
13、o,8.主动形式表被动, 感官动词：sound,taste,smell,fell,look, seem等主语是物时；, 一些vi主动形式表被动含义,open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc.,不定式to blame,to let（出租）作表语时，主动形式表 被动含义 You are to blame. The house is to let.,表（sth）需要的need ,want, require等后的动名词用 主动形式表被动含义,The house needs /wants/require repairing,be worth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义,The book is worth reading.,