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1、做题策略 策略一，定位。一定务必要在原文定位找答案，不要随意猜测 策略二 顺应主旨。 一篇好文章的内容和结构都是经过周密安排的，不会有无关的内容。所有语句肯定都为文章主旨服务，围绕主题展开，因此与主旨有关，符合主旨意思的往往是正确的。,策略三委婉项原则。 所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, more or less, relatively, be likely to, not necessary，tend to
2、等等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案， 如：must, always, never, the most, all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly等等。 策略四 常识排除。 尤其是那些题型如下面哪个句子是正确的，哪个是错，有些选项不合逻辑，有背于我们的常识往往可以排除。,定位策略： 1.We found that short-term social interaction lasting for just 10 minutes improved participants intellectual performance
3、 as much as engaging in so-called intellectual activities for the same amount of time, Ybarra said. 28. according to the research,which group of people in the following will have a better memory? A. The social interaction group had better intellectual performance. B.The intellectual activities group
4、 had better memory than social interaction group. C.The control group and the intellectual activities group had the same performance. D.The intellectual activities didnt perform better than the social interaction group.,2. The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you,
5、you may find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you. 28). By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may _. A. try to be polite to you B. express respect to you C. give his blessing to you D. share his pleasure with you,策略二 顺应主旨,3. In the animal kingdom, weakness can
6、 bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. 29). In this passage, the author advises us to _. A. handle problems by ourselves B. accept help from others C. admit our weakness D. show our braver
7、y,（2013年广东） A篇阅读主题：想象可以帮助我们克服很多障碍 Topic sentence: Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. (para.1) 29.In the last paragraph, you are advised_. A. to go through some difficult tests B. to wake up from your wild dreams C. to become a powerful person in your
8、mind D. to wear expensive clothes for job interviews,5. In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. 41). Why w
9、as Jennifer watched in an online exam? A. To correct her typing mistakes. B. To find her secrets in the room. C. To prevent her from slowing down. D. To keep her from dishonest behaviors.,策略三 委婉项原则。 所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably, possibly, may, usuall
10、y, might, more or less, relatively, be likely to, not necessary, tend to等等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must, always, never, the most, all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly等等。,【考例6】Q: According to the first two paragraphs, _. A. the use of water is a completely new concept B. the sea has a
11、lready long been used as a way of power C. water is a source of energy far more economical than any other energies D. water, if properly handled, may present a promising solution to energy crisis. 【考例7】Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Working hard is a basic requirement of
12、 all employees. B. Good writing skills alone help you succeed in any field C. The only qualification for getting hired by a company is good communication skills D. While the importance of ones ability to communicate increases, his professional background may become increasingly less important.,策略四 常
13、识排除。 尤其是那些题型如下面哪个句子是正确的，哪个是错，有些选项不合逻辑，有背于我们的常识往往可以排除。 Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of
14、 eating the poisoned food.Feveris one of the most common symptoms. Q Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Food when poisoned can make people sick. B. Food poisoning means death. C. Food poisoning comes in varieties. D. Food poisoning can be serious.,违背常识,委婉项,委婉项,英语阅读理解正确选项与干扰选项的特点 第一节 正
15、确选项往往是根据原文的词或句进行语意转换 一般来说, 阅读理解测试中要求找出主要事实或特定细节的问题, 在文章中均可找到回答。但是, 需要注意的是, 这些问题的表述常常不是采用文章中的原话, 而是根据原文的词或句进行语意转换。,一、利用原文词句的同义词句或相似结构，转换表达形式。,【考例1】 Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells,
16、insect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material. (2012湖南卷C篇) 68. According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because_. A. it can help plastic degrade B. it can be found in living
17、 things C. its mass production has been realized D. its raw materials are abundant in nature,D,【考例2】 “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor t
18、he eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth” The discovery shows that Westerners _. A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth B. consider facial expressions universally reliable C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions,A,二、利用原文词句的反义词
19、或相反结构，转换表达形式。,【考例3】 Yet despite that, reading is increasingly unpopular among children. According to statistics in 1997, 23% said they didnt like reading at all. In 2003, 35% did. And around 6% of children leave primary school each year unable to read properly. （2007山东B） Statistics suggested that _.
20、 A. the number of top students increased with the use of computers B. a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading C. a minority of primacy school children read properly D. a huge percentage of children read regularly,B,【考例4】 When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers,
21、 “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak. (2011广东卷A) What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights? A. They speed up to pass. B. T
22、hey waited with patience. C. They tried their best to help. D. They put on their flashlights too.,B,三、通过词性变化，转换表达的形式,【考例5】 Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “Its possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation thats financially wiser and better equipped
23、to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.” （2009山东D） According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters . A. wiser in money management B. have access to better equipment C. confident about their future careers D. get jobs in Child Trust Funds,A,干扰项有以下特征： 1无
24、中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 2偷梁换柱。干扰项中保留原文的很多词句，给考生一种错觉，选项与原文意思差不多，但实际上内容有所改动，产生了不一样的意思。 3文不对题。选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，但不是题干要求的内容。 4.正误并存。信息部分正确，部分错误。 5.断章取义。指干扰项去掉原文信息中的某个或某些重要组成部分，导致剩下的信息不完整，歪曲原文的意思。 6把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。,7. 夸大其词 8. 推理判断题 干扰项：,第二节 英语阅读理解干扰项的设置特点分析,通
25、过分析干扰项的设置特点可以为我们提供思考的方向。干扰项的如下特点： (一) 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。,【考例1】(2011湖南卷A篇) When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob（烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less. Owned
26、 by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack. The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but environment is truly charming. 56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that . A. is splendidly deco
27、rated B. has pleasant smells of kabobs C. is crowded with dining tables D. looks like a common restaurant,B,（偷梁换柱）,（偷梁换柱）,（偷梁换柱）否定肯定,【考例2】(2011湖南卷A篇) A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea kn
28、own as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food. 57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant? A. Watching news events on TV. B. Drinking a kind of black coffee. C. Reading local English newspapers.
29、D. Discussing world topics in low voices.,A,（偷梁换柱）,（偷梁换柱）,（偷梁换柱）,（二）无中生有,备选项虽然是从原文中推理引申出来的，但是却超出了文章允许的范围。考生切勿过度发挥，一切以原文为本。,【考例1】 Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smo
30、ke.” Thats true, but there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place. As for todays adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.
31、What can we learn from the last paragraph? (2009山东C) A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run. B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill. C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking. D. Adults will depend more on their families.,A.,（无中生有）,（无中生有）,（无中生有）,【考例2】Nearly all “speed r
32、eading” course have a “pacing” element some timing device which lets the students know how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached. Check the average number of words per page for the particula
33、r book you are reading. 40. A pacing device of a reading course is aimed at enabling the students to _. A. assess their reading speed B. speed up their reading C. check their comprehension D. do the most efficient reading,A,（无中生有）,（无中生有）,（无中生有）,【考例3】 2010广东When I was growing up in America, I was ash
34、amed of my mothers Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. 41. Why was the
35、 authors mother poorly served? A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard. D. She was not very polite.,A,（无中生有）,（无中生有）,（断章取义）,（三）文不对题。,选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，但不是题干要求的内容。,【考例1】Inside ,it is divided into three sections with a clever floor pl
36、an. The lower part is a bathroom. Above sits a living area with a better view of the surrounding landscape, and at a sleeping room completes the efficient use of the hotels limited space. However, with no kitchen area and limited storage, the Hypercube is clearly meant only for short stays. 39. Whic
37、h of the following sections is Not designed inside the Hypercube? A. A living room B. A sleeping room C. A storage space D. A dining hall,D,【考例2】.He added, “Paradise Valley and Scottsdale were important ; we grew up here. The statue came to Scottsdale by way of Paradise Valley on the second annivers
38、ary of Keanes death. . their home north of Lincoln Drive. .- from helping create the Mummy Mountain Preserve to. 41. Where is the statue most probably located? A. In Paradise Valley B. In Scottsdale C. In Lincoln Drive D. In Mummy Mountain Preserve,B,（四）断章取义,指干扰项去掉原文信息中的某个或某些重要组成部分，导致剩下的信息不完整，歪曲原文的意
39、思,【考例1】The horse has played an important role through human history all over the world. Horses were used for thousands years as a means of transport, a weapon of war and a plougher of fields, but the horse was “more than just a vehicle- it had more character than a car, a tank tractor,” Clare Baldin
40、g wrote for The Telegraph. 36. In what fields are horses NOT used in history according to the article? A.Transport and farming. B. Vehicle and tractor. C. Battle and transport. D. Weapon and plougher.,【考例2】If you hear the sound of a mobile phone beeping in a bag or pocket, you could be forgiven for
41、thinking that someone has received a text message. But nowadays there are so many different ways of messaging someone that it could spell the death of the traditional text as we know it. When you hear a mobile phone beeping, it means that _. A. someone has got a text message B. someone has got some
42、kind of message C. the traditional text has disappeared D. you will be forgiven for your mistakes,（断章取义）,（文不对题）,（断章取义）,（五）把未然当已然,改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情,【考例1】A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still work
43、ing in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave wasscarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. According to the text, the Fusses_. A. were employed by a truck company B. were in financial
44、 difficulty C. worked in a school cafeteria D. lost their home,B,（文不对题）,（文不对题）,（未然当已然）,（六）正误并存例子,【考例1】Failure to adapt can be harmful to the academic and career development of international students. According to Southern Metropolis Daily, a recent data from Ivy League universities shows that one in
45、 four Chinese students attending these universities drop out before they graduate. 45. what can we infer from the last paragraph? A. 25% of Chinese students in Ivy League universities cannot finish their study before graduation. B. Fitting in will help students have a better life and study in the fo
46、reign universities. C. Failure to adapt does harm to the academic development of international students. D. Students going to Ivy League universities have more problems.,B,（正误并存）,（跟原文一模一样）,（无中生有）,【考例2】In a six-year study, British and Canadian scientists studied 4,500 elephants in European zoos and c
47、ompared them with elephants living in the wild. They found that wild elephants are healthier, live longer and reproduce more than those elephants in zoos. What does the study show in the second paragraph? A. Wild elephants live longer than other animals in zoos. B. Elephants in zoos are not healthy
48、and cannot reproduce. C. Wild elephants reproduce more than those in zoos as they are healthier. D. Wild elephants live longer and can produce more foods.,C,（偷梁换柱）,（无中生有）,（偷梁换柱）,（七）夸大其词例子,【考例1】When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English. Because of her English, she
49、was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.” 45. We can infer from the passage that Chinese English _. A.is clear and natural to non-native speakers B. is vivid and direct to non-native speakers C. has a