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1、Unit 1 Women of achievement Section 1 Warming-up & Reading .用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空observe，be devoted to，be concerned about，move off，in the shade of，work with，lead a busy life，crowd in，wake up，argue about1Henry was _observed_ to enter the room alone，and a moment later stole out.2The boy lay _in the shade
2、of_ the tree，which could protect him from the burning sun，and was reading.3He _is/was devoted to_ his research，working on it even during the weekends.4Were carrying out the plan smoothly，but I _am concerned about_ whether we can carry it on to the end.5Henry，who has just started a company，always _le
3、ads a busy life_ with little time left for his family.6Tom is pleasant _to work with_，as he is always so willing to help.7Seeing us coming，the naughty boy _moves/moved_ off in the other direction，obviously trying to avoid us.8The doubt kept _crowding in_ on my mind.9When he finally _woke up_，he foun
4、d that he had missed his flight.10We stood there for quite some time，_arguing about_ who should be responsible for the accident.单项语法填空1Is that book worth _reading_ (read)？Yes，it is worthy _of being read/to be read_ (read) twice.解析：worth习惯句式为be worth doing，而worthy则常用于句式be worthy to be done或be worthy
5、of being done中，表示“值得做”之意。2A man dressed in a black coat was observed _to enter_ (enter)the house and later the owner found all the valuable things _stolen_ (steal).解析：在主动语态情况下接动词原形作宾语补足语的动词，用于被动语态时往往要添加上to；第二空中all the valuable things与steal之间为被动关系。3Armed with the information you have gathered，you can
6、 set_about_ preparing your business plan.解析：句意：用你所收集的信息武装自己，你可以准备你的商业计划了。set about doing sth.“着手干某事”。4Im sorry，but I didnt mean _to let_ (let) out your secret.But you know，letting out ones secret means _hurting_ (hurt) ones feelings.解析：第一句句意为“我并不是有意泄露你的秘密”，故用mean to do sth.，第二句句意为“泄露一个人的秘密意味着伤害他”，故用
7、mean doing sth.。5They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _while_ they themselves couldnt.解析：句意：他们惊奇地发现一个孩子居然解决了这个问题，然而他们却未能做得到。while“(对比两件事物)而；然而”。6Most people think that it is worthwhile _to spend/spending_(spend)some time surfing the Internet，but we shouldnt be too dependent o
8、n it.解析：It is worthwhile to do./doing.“做某事是值得的”。句意为：大部分人认为花费一些时间上网是值得的，但是我们不应该太依赖它。7_Only_ when we lost what we had did we realize how much we loved it.解析：“only状语从句”位于句首，主句用部分倒装结构。句意为：只有当我们失去了我们所拥有的，我们才意识到我们是多么的爱恋它。8Seeing the terrible scene，many problems crowded _in_ my head.解析：crowd in ones head“涌
9、入脑海”。句意为：看到那个可怕的场面，很多问题涌入我的脑海。9The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放)by 80 percent by 2050，part of which will _be achieved_ (achieve) by all new homes being zerocarbon by 2016.解析：句意：英国承诺到2050年将碳排放量减少80%，其中一部分是由所有那些在2016年达到了碳零排放量的新住宅来实现的。在定语从句中，part of which和achieve之间存在被动关系，由此可知答案。10Thous
10、ands of cities around the globe turned off their lights for an hour to mark Earth Hour 2014，a symbolic show of _support_ (support)for the environment organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature.解析：句意：全球数以千计的城市关灯一小时，以此来纪念2014年的“地球一小时”活动，这项活动是由世界自然基金会组织的，象征对保护环境的支持。根据介词of可知空格处需要名词，support可作为名词，意为“支持”，
11、符合语境。.阅读理解A(2018河北深州中学高一下学期期末)We all know the names of certain famous male inventors throughout history，from Galileo to Alexander Graham Bell to Steve Jobs.Do you know the outstanding ladies listed below？Margaret Knight (18381914)Margaret Knight was nicknamed “the lady Edison” for her productive inv
12、entions which included a safety device for textile looms，shoe manufacturing machines，a rotary engine and internal combustion engine (内燃机)，among many others.Knight received 27 patents in her lifetime.Josephine Cochran(18391913)Cochrane，a wealthy woman who entertained often，wanted a machine that could
13、 wash dishes faster than her servants，and without breaking them.When she couldnt find one，she built the first dishwasher herself in 1886.She received a patent for her famous invention and started a company to sell her invention to restaurants and hotels.Katharine Burr Blodgett (18981979)Katharine Bl
14、odgett was the first woman to receive a Ph.D in physics at Englands Cambridge University and the first woman hired by General Electric.Her most influential invention was nonreflective glass，which today is still essential for eyeglasses，car windshields and computer screens.Stephanie Kwolek (19232014)
15、In 1965，Stephanie Kwolek created an unusually lightweight and durable new fiber which was later developed by a chemical company DuPont into the synthetic Kevlar (凯夫拉尔纤维)，used in everything from military helmets and bulletproof vests to workgloves，sports equipment，and building materials.Kwolek was aw
16、arded the National Medal of Technology for her research on synthetic fibers and was admitted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1994.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位优秀的女性发明家。1What did Cochrane invent the dishwasher for？_D_ ATo make a fortune.BTo entertain more guests.CTo receive a patent.DTo wash di
17、shes more effectively.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Cochrane，a wealthy woman who entertained often，wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than her servants，and without breaking them.可知，为了更快地洗碗，Cochrane发明了洗碗机。故选D。2Who contributed a lot to military needs？_A_ AStephanie KwolekBJosephine CochranCMargaret Knight
18、DKatharine Burr Blodgett解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段.used in everything from military helmets and bulletproof vests to workgloves，sports equipment，and building materials.可知，Stephanie Kwolek为军需做了很多贡献。故选A。3Whats the purpose of the passage？_C_ ATo tell us some important inventions.BTo recommend four outstanding sci
19、entists.CTo introduce four excellent women inventors.DTo compare female inventors with male inventors.解析：目的意图题。根据第一段Do you know the outstanding ladies listed below？可知，本文主要是为了介绍一些优秀的女性发明家。故选C。B(2018全国，C篇)While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China su
20、ch as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts，many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu，a 49yearold Chinese architect，won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prizewhich is often referred
21、to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA).His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.Many buildings
22、 on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills，forming a u
23、nique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls，roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素).Wangs
24、 works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture，said Tadao Ando，the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is o
25、nly evidence that traditions once existed，” he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions.They think tradition means old things from the past.In fact，tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.“Today，many Chinese peop
26、le are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined with practice.Otherwise，the recreation of traditions would be artificial and em
27、pty，he said.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，题材是人物报道。文章报道了2012年度建筑界的最高奖项普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。5Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are _B_.Afollowing the latest world trendBgetting international recognitionCworking harder than ever beforeDrelying on foreign architects解析：推理判断题。第一段是文章的中心段，第
28、二段讲述了中国建筑设计师获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖普利兹克奖，这个例子是用来说明第一段后半句的：许多优秀的中国建筑设计师正进入世界建筑设计舞台的中心，故选B。6What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most？_C_AIts hilly environment.BIts large size.CIts unique style.DIts diverse functions.解析：细节理解题。根据题干中关键词CAA Xiangshan campus可迅速定位到第三段，顺着往下找，根据第四段第一句中的quite different fro
29、m，第二句中的were amazed 和第三句中的unique view可知它独一无二的风格给人留下了深刻印象，故选C。7What made Wangs architectural design a success？_D_AThe mixture of different shapes.BThe balance of East and West.CThe use of popular techniques.DThe harmony of old and new.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks
30、 to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.”和第六段第二句中的through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture可知传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘密，故选D。8What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang？_D_ASpread them to the world.BPreserve them at museums.CTeach them
31、 in universities.DRecreate them in practice.解析：观点态度题。根据文章最后一段第一句中be combined with practice和第二句中the recreation of traditions可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。.七选五根据短文填空，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。People with interesting personalities often have more opportunities open to them because of their abilit
32、y to maintain the attention of others.When you meet or talk to them，you may feel as though your personality is dull and uninspiring.1._G_ Listen to what others have to say.Most people enjoy talking about their lives and themselves，so become more interested and you will seem more interesting.2._B_ Lo
33、ok them directly in the eyes and ask them questions or comment on what they have just told you，instead of just waiting for your turn to talk about yourself.3_A_ Watch the news，read books，and pay attention.If you dont know about a particular topic，research it and form an opinion on it.People like to
34、be around others who can carry on conversations about lots of things.Look for the humour in every situation.A sense of humour can work wonders for a dull personality，so laugh as often as you can and youll be a more naturally attractive person.Laughter can also reduce your stress to a degree.4._E_ Ac
35、cept and love yourself and others.When you dislike yourself and your personality，other people pick up on this，and they may assume they shouldnt like you，either.5._D_ Judge other people less as well； gossip and speaking poorly of others seem like good shortterm entertainment，but in the long run it ca
36、n make you seem dull and untrustworthy.AForm opinions on everything.BMake everyone you speak to feel important.CYour brain will see these situations as reality.DSearch for the best in yourself and everyone else.EWhen you feel better，youre more fun to be around.FYoud better make a few simple changes
37、to your outlook.GBut its relatively easy to develop those personalities that you find so interesting.文章大意：不同的人有不同的个性。本文告诉我们如何培养良好的个性。解析：1此句为过渡句，引出下文。根据下文每一段介绍培养个性的方法可知，G项符合。2根据本段的中心句“Listen to what others have to say.”及后文中“谈话直视对方眼睛”可知，B项符合该段主题。3此处考查本段的中心句，根据本段中的关键句.form an opinion on it可知，A项符合。4承接上一
38、句中.reduce your stress to a degree，可知，只有E项符合。5根据本段的中心句Accept and love yourself and others.和上下文句意可知，D项符合。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Jane Goodall，who 1._had intended_ (intend)to work with animals in their own environment since her childhood，went to Africa and devoted herself to 2._studyin
39、g_ (study) the behaviour of chimps.It was tough 3._but_ she considered it as a worthwhile career.Through her study，we learned much more 4._about_ chimps.She argued that the life of these animals should 5._be respected_ (respect) and that they should be left in 6._the_ wild and not used for 7._entert
40、ainment_ (entertain).Besides，she was very 8._considerate_ (consider) towards these animals.Now，she has achieved everything she wanted to do,9._which_ inspired those who want 10._to cheer_ (cheer)the achievements of women.解析：1根据此处的went可知，此处应用过去完成时。2devote oneself to.“致力于”，其中的to为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。3根据语境“这
41、很艰难，但是她认为这是一份值得做的事业”，故填表示转折的but。4根据语境“通过她的研究，我们了解到了更多关于黑猩猩的知识”，故填about。5此处表示“这些动物的生命被尊重”，故应用被动语态。6the wild表示“野外，荒外”，为固定表达。7结合此处的for可知，空格处所填词作宾语，故填entertainment。8be considerate towards sb.“对某人体贴的”，为固定短语。9分析句子成分可知，此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容。10want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，为固定结构。我国经济发展进入新常态，需要转变经济发展方式，改变粗放式增长模式，不断优化经济结构，实现经济健康可持续发展进区域协调发展，推进新型城镇化，推动城乡发展一体化因：我国经济发展还面临区域发展不平衡、城镇化水平不高、城乡发展不平衡不协调等现实挑战。