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1、Unit 5 Nels on Man dela a moder n hero阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2018课标全国川)Welcome to Holker Hall & Garde nsVisitor In formatio nHow to Get to HolkerBy Car:Follow brow n sig ns on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times:Wi ndermere 20 mi nu tes, Ken dal 25 mi nu tes,Lan caster 4
2、5 mi nu tes,Man Chester 1 hour 30 minu tes.By Rail: The n earest stati on is Cark-i n-Cartmel with trai ns to Carnforth,Lan caster and Prest on for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSunday Friday(closedon Saturday)11:00am 4:00 pm, 30th March2nd November.Admissi on ChargesHall &
3、amp; Garde nsGarde nsAdults:£ 12.00£ 8.00Groups: £ 9.00£ 5.50Special EventsProducers' Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producersand get some excelle nt recipe ideas.Holker Garde n Festival 30th MayThe eve nt celebrates its 2
4、2nd anni versary with a great show of the very best of garde ning, making it one of the most popular eve nts in garde ning.Nati onal Garde n Day28th AugustHolker once aga in ope ns its garde ns in aid of the disadva ntaged.For just a small don ati on you can take a tour with our garde n guide.Winter
5、 Market8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.1. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Man Chester?A. 20 min utes. B.25 mi nu tes. C.45 minu tes. D.90 min
6、 utes.2. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Garde ns?A. £ 12.00. B. £ 9.00.C. £ 8.00.D. £ 5.50.3. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers' Market.B.Holker Garde n Festival.C.Natio nal Garde n Day.D.Wi nter Mar
7、ket.答案语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，介绍了到达Holker的方式、参观时间、参观费用和特殊活 动。1. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的from Man chester 直接定位到文章 How to Get to Holker部分中的 Manchester 1 hour 30 minutes,故选 D项。2. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的a tour group和Hall & Garde ns直接定位到文章 Admission Charges 部分中的 Groups: £9.00,故选 B项。3. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的see a live music show 直接定位
8、到文章 Winter Market咅B分中的 enjoying a live music show, 故选 D项。BToday, paper-mak ing is a big bus in ess. But it is still possible to make paper by hand since the steps are the same as using big mach in es.You should use paper with small amounts of printing.Old envelopes are good forthis reason. Colored p
9、aper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces about five cen timeters by five cen timeters.Everythingis placed in a container, covered with water and brought to a boil.It is mixed for about two hours with som
10、e com mon chemicals and the n allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substanee left, called pulp（纟纸浆）,can be stored un til you are ready to make paper.Whenyou are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a mould. The mould is made of sma
11、ll squares of wire that hold the shape and thicknessof the paper. To help dry the paper, the mould lets the water flow throughthe small wire squares.After several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from themould. It is now strong eno ugh to be touched. The paper is smoothed and pr
12、essed to remove trapped air. You can use a com mon electric iron used for press ing clothes. 4.It is suggested that we“ should choose paper with small amounts of prin ti ng”to.A. make paper by ourselvesB.re new the old en velopesC.make various colored paperD.create our own n ewspaper5. Whether the p
13、aper is strong eno ugh to be touched is determ ined by.A. how long the pulp is storedB. how thick the paper isC. how much water rema insD. what type of chemicals are used6. Whe n the paper is lifted back from the mould, it is time to.A. make it smoothB.make it strongC.decorate itD.use an iron7. The
14、passage is most probably inten ded to.A. i ntroduce the history of paper-mak ingB. describe the process of paper-mak ingC. compare the ancient with the moder n paper-mak ingD. argue about the possibility of paper-mak ing by hand答案语篇解读本文属于说明文，作者讲述了如何手工做纸,并详细介绍了手工做纸的程序和 方法。4. A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句But it is
15、 still possible to make paper by ha ndsince the steps are the same as using big mach in es.题，所以在第二段中提出要选择那些印刷内容较少的纸张,目的就是自己做纸。故 A正确。可知主要讲述的是手工做纸的话5. C推理判断题。根据第三段第三句Then it is left until most of the water dries up.The substanee left, called pulp（纟纸浆）,can be stored until you are ready to makepaper.以及最
16、后一段中的 After several more drying steps.可知剩下的水越少，说明纸浆就越多，那么生产出来的纸的质量也就越好，能够硬到让人去触摸。故C正确。6. A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The paper is smoothed and pressed to removetrapped air. You can use a com mon electric iron used for press ing clothes.说明当纸从模具里拿出来以后，要对它进行熨烫，让它变平。故 A正确。7. B 主旨大意题。作者在本文中讲述的是如何手工做纸，并详细介绍了手工做纸的程序和方法
17、。所以本文主要就是描述做纸的过程，故B正确。CAs trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red，you can find autu mn colors in parks and woodla nds，in the cities，coun tryside，and mountains. People are won deri ng what these colors are for. For years，scie ntists have worked to understand the changes that happen to
18、trees in the autumn. Up to now there have been differentexplanationsfor why naturalselection makes autumn colors so widespread.Dr.Hamilton from Oxford University proposed that bright autumn leaves contained a message: they warn in sects to leave them alone. In the autu mn，in sects choose trees where
19、 they will lay eggs. When the larvae（幼虫）come out the next spring，they feedon the trees， ofte n with a result of destruct ionof the trees. Dr. Hamilt on suggestedthat trees could ward off these in sects with pois ons. They could have strong defe nses by lett ing egg-lay ing in sects know what was in
20、store for their eggs.Dr.Hamilt on and his stude nts turned the theory in to a mathematical model， which showed that warning sig nals could in deed drive the evoluti on（ 进化）of bright leaves. It was a first attempt to see what was out there.A research team from the University of Wisconsin gave a quite
21、differentexplanation.“ If you are up here in Wisconsin，by the time leaves change，all thein sects that feed on leaves are gone，” Dr. Hoch said. He believed that autu mn colors served mainly as protect ion.According to Dr. Hoch and his team，autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun da
22、mage or frost（ 冰冻）injury in other words，they actually act as a sun scree n to avoid the destruct ion of the leaves. Besides, autu mn colors mightprotect the leaves from water loss. If the cells in the leaves become dry, theconnections between the cells will be weakened and the leaves will break off.
23、Although there are differe nt expla natio ns about autu mn colors, it has reallygiven them a deeper concern for this time of year. “People sometimes say that scienee makes the world less interesting by just explaining things away,” one famousbiologist said.“ But with autu mn leaves, the more you kno
24、w about them, the moreamazed you will be. ”8. Accord ing to Dr. Hamilt on, there is a connection betwee n.A. the size of leaves and the survival of in sectsB. the size of leaves and the behavior of in sectsC. the size of leaves and the quality of in sectsD. the size of leaves and the nu mber of in s
25、ects9. Dr. Hoch and his team give the expla nati on that.A. climate has an in flue nee on the color of the leavesB. s un damage and frost injury drive the in sects awayC. the color of autu mn leaves has a protective fun cti onD. autu mn colors bring great destruct ion to the leaves10. The underlined
26、 phrase “ward off ” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.A.catch B.attractC.ig noreD.preve nt11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. The evolutio n of colorful leavesB. The secret to autu mn leaves' cha ngesC. The charm ing autu mn colorsD. The role of leaves' being p
27、rotecti on答案语篇解读秋天到了，叶子成了金黄色。在我们眼中这是美丽的秋景，可是科学家们却在研究叶子变成黄色是为了什么。秋天的叶子里藏着什么秘密？8. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中In the autum n, i nsects choose trees where they willlay eggs. When the larvae（幼虫 ）come out the next spring, they feed on the trees,often with a result of destruction of the trees.可知幼虫以树叶为食 , 所以树叶的大小和昆虫的数量有
28、关系。故选D项。9. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost（ 冰冻 ）injury in other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves.可知秋天的树叶有保护作用，金黄色保护叶子免受伤害，故选C项。10. D 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前一句 When th
29、e larvae（ 幼虫 ）come out the next spring， they feed on the trees， often with a result of destruction of the trees.和后一句 They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.可知画线词的意思是“阻止” ， 故选 D。11. B 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 As trees across the northern areas turn g
30、old anddeep red， you can find autumn colorsin parks and woodlands， in the cities，countryside， and mountains. 和最后一段中But with autumn leaves， the more you knowabout them， the more amazed you will be.”可知本文叙述的是秋天树叶变化的秘密。故选 B 项。DIf you've ever had to chop an onion，you probablyknow that it'sone of
31、the mostannoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades， and they've apparently come up with a tearless onion.Called the “Sunion ”，this new vegetable is the result of a natural cross-breeding pro
32、gram that's been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. It's supposedly a sweet， mild-tasting onion that doesn't leave that strong， pungent aftertaste， but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn't cause teary eyes when it's ch
33、opped.When you cut into a normal onion， it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase， and when that hits your eyes， your body produces tears. Now， the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are store
34、d， so the older they are, the more you will cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levelsof that annoying compo und drop as time goes by, un til it no Ion ger has any effecton your eyes whe n you cut it.That's what Sunion growers are claimi ng any way, but reports from those luckyeno ugh to hav
35、e tried them seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently,none of them shed a single tear.Accord ing to the Wash ington Post, they don't have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them“ like popcor nSo t
36、he good n ews is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad n ews isthat they are curre ntly only grow n in Wash ington and Nevada, and even though theyare sold n ati on wide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunionbatches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, bu
37、t we'll probably startsee ing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the n ext few years, as more people lear n about them.12. What is special about the Sun io n?A. I t's easily chopped.B. I t's sweet and tastes strong.C. I t's tearless and mild.D. I t's grow n n ati on w
38、ide in the USA.13. How does the author in troduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3?A. By comparis on.B. By telling a story.C. By givi ng examples.D. By ask ing questio ns.14. What does the underlined word“ pungency" in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Ro und shape.B.Str ong smell.C.Special character.D.Medical funct
39、ion.15. What can we con clude from the last paragraph?A.The Sunion has bee n largely on the market.B. The Sunion is still on trial at present.C. The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.D. The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.答案 语篇解读 有过切洋葱经历的人一定会印象深刻 : 两眼泪水。美国两个州研究出了一种新 型的洋葱 , 不会让人流
40、泪而且还可以像吃玉米花那样吃它。12. C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的they've apparently come up with atearless onion 及第二段中 It's supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn't leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn't cause teary
41、eyes when it's chopped.可知这种洋葱不会让人流眼泪且气味不浓。故选C 项。13. A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知 , 作者用普通洋葱与新型洋葱进行比较 , 故作者是运 用了比较法。故选 A 项。14. B 词义猜测题。根据其后半句 are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn ” 可以猜测出 pungency 是“刺激性气味”之意。故选 B 项。15. D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中 The first Sunion batches hit the shelves ofgrocery stores in December,but we'll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about them.可知作者对 Sunion 的未来很有信心。故选 D。