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1、语法精解(兰 2.同位语从句the Appositive clause(1) 同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为 同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句 的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在fag news, idea, truth , hope，problem, informatiom belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名 词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解 释，说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同 位语从句的词有连词that连接副词how,when, where, whether 等。e.g. The hope that he m
2、ay recover is not gone yet.The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.I have no idea when he will come back.注意:i同位语从句有时被别的词把它 和名词隔开：The story goes that William Tell killed the kin父 with an airow.Word came that their team had won(2) 同位语从句的表现形式：由that引导The fact that you
3、 haven，t enough time to do the work is simply unbelievableThe hope that he may come here is not gone yet.The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all.The problem that she later developed
4、 a serious lung disease bothered scientists 由whether引导The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由when引导I have no idea when they will go.（3）有时可用 namely （即），that is to say （也就是说），in other words （换句话说），that is （那就是），for example等引出同位语，说明其 前面的名词或代词。有时同位语 直接跟在名词或代词的后面。H
5、e told us the good news，namely» the museum is open to all.There is only one way of improving your English，that is , to practice more.Altogether Dolly had lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original sheep(4) 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常 常混淆，我们可以从以下几个方面区 别它们： 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽
6、象 名词;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词 或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。We express the hope that they will come to visit China again（同位语从句）Those who want to go please sign their names here.（定语从句） 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系，定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表 语、定语、状语等。The news that they won the match is true.（同位语从句，news和从句没有逻辑关系） The news that you told us
7、 yesterday is true.（定语从句，news是told的逻辑宾语）The order when we should go back hasnt reached us.（同位语从句，order和从句没有逻辑关 系）：；：；The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten（定语从句，day是founded的逻辑状语） 同位语从句主要由连接词that引导，有 时也可用 when，where, who, whether 等引导;定语从句由关系代词或关系 副词引导。Then he raised the question w
8、here they were to get the machine needed Do you know the place where he was born? 引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;引导 定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省 略。The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.The news (that) he told me is exciting. 同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子，谓语动词用be的不同形式。He heard the news that their team had won.此句
9、可以变为一个表语从句：The news was that their team had won.把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从 句的复合句。1 Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet./The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.=The fact that two 伍fths of all girls in America are on a diet worries th&f parents and teachers a lot.3 Teenagers shouldn&
10、#39;t spend too much time on line. /Many Chinese parents hold the view.=Many Chinese parents hold the view that teenagers shouldif t spend too much time online4. Time travel is possible>/We haveno scientific proof for the idea二 We have no scientific proof for theidea that time travel is possible.
11、翻译句子，并说明这个名词性从句的作用。6. We don't think you two have met before 我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。 （宾语从句）7. It is certain that John will do well in his exam.约翰肯定会考好。（主语从句）& Whether they are coming or not don't matter too much.他们来不来无关紧要。（主语从句）9. Now is when we need him most现在是我们最需要他的时候。（表语从句）10.1 have no idea
12、how she got through the forest我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。（同位语从句）lie The fact that they won the prize made us happy.他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。（同位语从句）用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。12.1 can5t decide which book I should buy.13. China is no longer what it used to be.14.1 am very interested in how he improved his English in such a short time.
13、15. What we need is more money.16. The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to us.17. Whpn and where we will meet has not been decided yet.用名词性从句完成下列句子。1& The newsthat she has passed the nationalcollege entrance examination19. Mike made a promisethat he would help me with myEnglish
14、 （他将帮助我学习英语）指出划线部分是什么从句。20. The fact that Great Britain is madeup three countries is known to us.（同位语从句）21. The continent that consists of twocountries is developing very fast（定语从句）22. The news that the plane will takeoff on time makes everybody happy.（同位语从句）23 The news that is spreading aroundthe c
15、ountry is that a heavy storm is comin些（定语从句，表语从句）24. The suggestion that we should learn something practical is worth considering （同位语从句）軍词填聲25. One of them held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that菁that whatC. thatDe whether26. The reasonhe has to go ishismother is ill in bedA, why ; why
16、 B why; becausedwhy ; that D. that; because27. They received ordersthe workbe done right away.A. whichC. / D. when28e I have no ideaA how to doBe when shall we start out for thetripHwhat has happened to my wifeDe how much have they earnedOthat29. You can take the seatis free.A. whichC. whereD. in wh
17、ich30. The film brought the hours back tomeI was taken good care of inthat far-away villageA. until B. that Hwhen D where31. He9s got himself into a dangerous situation he was likely to lose control over the planewhere B. which C. what D. why32. That's the only thinghe can donowA. which B. all t
18、hat D. what33. Information has been put forwardmore middle school graduates will be admitted into universitiesA. while that C. when D. as34. Along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.JA. whichthat C. what D. whether35. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private carsroad conditions needthat; to be improvedB which; to be improvedC where; improvingD when; improving