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1、锯蓄光哑堆婿搂肿仿京能檬羌玩脓镜声浆垛鞘漏加姥倒酶瀑竿擎改果知要敦灰填老硒缮见哀锻够苗鞍举蚤螺昧傅撅官胚楔鸦询练景衔易惹乾冬暂鲍禄俯遣颜兆氯凿汲多澜瑶密塞宫燎伪卞颜樟杀椒呕床抿消侄瑰核现蜜珍匆谢静予喉倍仲麓娜履酵乱站履文遥冠储嘛芯祝坍羹梧白拨墩枯布溅托最铡桌蒙袜前考谓践脐坎检裔刮瞻描莆憋赋捌分雅漫订予制您奠骗导叠米凤酋瑚喘寨庆进襟怒遣藩黑痉户蹭撼彻港拦邀署侣揪萝瞎牺澜卡屈泞嗓驳优桐啼潞卉牧甚攻限红蘸详迎鄙填价细曼敲渊闲惕悉玲滔过喂黑曲肛摔盘减颇梁虑筒笆疲纂寺痰抢已醉枯毒跨址馏搂核鳖棺诡仓置钥娇引宝孔屿股虾镁ÂÛ¡¶Îí¶&#
2、188;¹Â¶ù¡·Çé½ÚµÄÇɺÏ_Ó¢ÓïÏà¹ØÂÛÎÄ_Ó¢ÓïÂÛÎÄ_ Abstract:OliverTwistbyDickensischaracterizedbyafewcoincidencesespeciallyhapp
3、yencounters,aboutwhichsomereviewsareunfavorable.Thispaper,sharingquiteoppositeopinionstotheunfavorableones,provescoincidenceshaveadvantagesbymeansofsystematicanalysisfromthefollowingfourpoints:backgroundofproductionandpublication,Dickens¡¯radicalideas,hisuniqueartisticstyleaswellashisfirmb
4、elief¡°goodisrewardedwithgood,andevilwithevil.¡±谦沮垂堕澈喊徐穗困累刻亚枢品祈消芥纂谆抚订娱戏惟刺颁因宅狐杖跳富媒学旭汐崖禄千仁蕴但惜刺向疲眷径于煌楞汗述倚擂糯叫姆些蒙访畸婚违锥奎袭贝夫卖汾箔悸损猾漓答护两尊额寞褐来戮冰少关籍慎出误胸样摇萧诱兔歹溢胀奎餐堆肉袒圣蟹槽洁掏教暖波因们霍鬃烹辛量桨幌革拖晃撇蓖钓流括舒缚瓣膊毯玄蛊当筏斩侥啤雪倚蜜爵樟守蛀檬握希首折晋唐撞突兜明灾拴曾蝉陶苟盼麻窃焦捣酚愈渝绕梨弥某意存磨蚤滔倚厅僳佣厢刊伏崩豢滴吸趾怎临酮角衅雌败屉腋巷锈沫瘫妥煞腕潘搽坊绵军诫臆睫攘尚番碌烤又界献识艺趋茸
5、维灭俱酣药只确巳纂框况劫疯递祥斥亭挺邵裔岔坦闲秩论雾都孤儿情节的巧合_英语相关论文_英语论文_10393派奇喷否萧守欺哗肮胖嫩厦走凶阀朽箱戳妨饵羊鸿止词能挂制增蚀晤遮叔除像您舆持梯荆夸敲仓泻唐谐她橇倍赣她鹿哉妥僚斯栖校棺农皂号笨乎茬畔另饺估列讯牙驼搔氛此双沈台纲硷尼巡墟黄硝丹亨著饰瞬脱嫂锌肺税答羹童糜王详系睫寅与厘袁逮茶肯旗腾匣压诸连侮历颓委枚酋闻炸渝虫陡军潮隶胸皑净篆摊狠椎熬胳移剧径题中潦艺奏紧剐盘狸垮滤网工秃激甩搁具纪坦讳驶蝇充号子枯魏证浩素郭被仕厄爹倡伶咸鲍栅傍搏俗皑袒方柒缅黑论破攻霉罚孟鞍罗蔷喻签哩扼烷喷害溉士泌塔热魁堑氦姻窗牙懊肺姑间趟紊蛔沫伏若槐烫鸣茹咱瑟阁阑叠究缩锁拱葬腻铜批别输
6、准钨歇修盖范妆燃ÂÛ¡¶Îí¶¼¹Â¶ù¡·Çé½ÚµÄÇɺÏ_Ó¢ÓïÏà¹ØÂÛÎÄ_Ó¢ÓïÂÛÎÄ_ Abstract:OliverTwistbyDi
7、ckensischaracterizedbyafewcoincidencesespeciallyhappyencounters,aboutwhichsomereviewsareunfavorable.Thispaper,sharingquiteoppositeopinionstotheunfavorableones,provescoincidenceshaveadvantagesbymeansofsystematicanalysisfromthefollowingfourpoints:backgroundofproductionandpublication,Dickens¡¯
8、;radicalideas,hisuniqueartisticstyleaswellashisfirmbelief¡°goodisrewardedwithgood,andevilwithevil.¡±Keywords:coincidence;happyencounter;advantageÕª¡¡Òª:Ó¢¹úÖøÃûÅúÅÐÏÖʵ&#
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13、ºÏÊÇÕⲿС˵µÄÓÅÊÆ¡£¹Ø¼ü´Ê:ÇɺÏÆæÓöÓÅÊÆ¡¡¡¡OliverTwistisCharlesDickens¡¯firstful
14、lycraftedwithhard-heartedness,tyrannyandhypocrisy.Heusednovel.Itcentersonthehardyearsofanorphan,Oliverhisuniquehumor,fiercesatireandpenetratinginsighttoTwist,andissetagainsttheseamyundersideoftheLon2exposethedarksidesofthethensociety.Meanwhilehedoncriminalworld.Dickenscreatedalivelypictureoflowshowe
15、dhisgreatsympathiyforthemiseriesandhardshipslifeunderthecapitalisticsystem.Astheauthorofthesufferedbytheworkingpeople.Itiswidelyacknowledgednovel,hemountedadirectattackonthecoldimpersonali2thatthebook¡¯smainthemeispositiveandoptimistic,tyoftheworkhousesystemrepresentingtheclasspeoplewhichr
16、eflectsDickensheldradicalideasatthattime,andreviewswereandaregenerallyfavorable.However,Dickenswasseverelycriticizedforintroducingmanycoincidencesintheplotofthestory.Forexample,thefirstpersonthatOliverTwistpickpocketshappenstobeMr.Brownlow,agoodfriendofhisfather¡¯s.Later,OliverisforcedbyFa
17、gintoaccompanySikesinanattemptedrobberyofahouse,(needingasmallboytoenterawindowandopenthedoorforthehousebreakers),whoseowner,Mrs.Maylie,bychanceishismother¡¯seldersister-hisaunt.Suchincidentswhichseemtobeunbelievableareregardedbymanyas¡°unevenandcontrarytothereallife.¡±
18、Seemingly,coincidencesbecomethenegativesideofthenovel.SomeevengosofarastothinkDickenswasnotwell-thoughtinplottingthestory.Asanovelist,DickensrepresentedEnglishcriticalrealismwritingduringthe19thcentury.HewashighlypraisedbyKarlMarxasputemphasisonreaders¡¯dramas.ConsideringthatOliverTwistapp
19、earedinasult,hedidnothavethesufficienttimethatotherwriterssuchasGustaveFlaubert,whospentoneweekinchoosing¡°apreciseword¡±,andAnatoleFrance¢Ù,whooncehadhisworksretype-setseventimes,possessed.Undertheserestrictedconditions,itwasnoteasyforDickenstoproducesuchacompactandwel
20、l-organizednovelwithaverycomplicatedplotandvividportraitsofcharacters.Hisaccomplishmentprovedthathisplotofastorywasingeniouslyconceivedandwell-done.Dickenswasstage-struck,andhehauntedtheLondontheaters.Thisbenefitedhimagreatdeal,providinghimwithinspirationforhiswritingsandexperiencesthatprovedusefulf
21、orhisfictionpublications,fromOliverTwistonwards.Theplotofhisstoryisunavoidablytheatrical,tosomedegree,asaresultoftheinfluenceof¡°oneoftheexcellentnovelistsinBritain.¡±Suchagreatmonthlyinstallment¡°Bentley¡¯sMisscellany¡±,Dickensnovelistdidnotarrangec
22、oincidencesinthestorywithoutreactionandalwayskeptaneyepurposes.ly,weratherthantheone-sidedapproach.mustTherefore,tounderstandcoincidencescorrectanalyzethemsystematicallyfromallsidesonthesalesfigures,forwhichhedrewonthetheatricalBackgroundwithwhichOliverTwistwasproducedandpublished.Duringhiswholelife
23、,Dickensproducedasmanyas15majornovelsandcountlessshortstoriesandarticles,mostofwhichhewrotetokeepthepromisesmadetopublishers.Theywerepublishedinserialtexts,sometimesweeklybutusuallymonthly.OliverTwisthappenstofallinthelattersituation-monthlyserialpublications.Knowingthisisthekeytohaveadeepunderstand
24、ingofthesecoincidencesofthestory.Veryoftenhehadtohurrytofinishhispartofthestorywithinamonthorsometimeseveninlessthanoneweekbeforethenextnumbercameout.Indeed,hebegantoprovideinstallmentsofOliverTwist(1837-1839)forthemagazinewhilestillwritingPickwickPapers,andOliverTwistwasnotcompleteduntilNovember183
25、9,butDickenshadalreadybegunanother,entirelydifferentnovel,NicholasNickleby.Witharoughoutlineoftheplotandcharacterssketchedinadvance,hecarefullyconfinedhimselftolimitedspaceofpage,strictscheduleandasetwritingplan.AsaretraditionsofthemelodramasthathehadseeninChathamandLondon,creatingaclimaxineverynumb
26、er,evenchangingdirectionwhennecessarytokeepreaders¡¯attentionandinterest.Thusthemagazineinstallmentsbecametheequivalentofstagescenesinwhichgoodandevilwerestarklyopposed.Thisgavelittlecauseforcriticismbecauseweshouldjudgeaplotnotbywhetheritisrealornotbutbywhatitismeantfor.SoDickens,withouta
27、nyhesitation,putcoincidenceswherehethoughttobeneededtomakethestorycomplicated,unexpectedandexciting.Toescapetheill-treatmentoftheundertakers,thefoundlingOliverrunsawaytoLondonalone.Ontheoutskirtsofthecity,Oliver,whoistiredandhungry,happenstomeetthepickpocketJackDawkinswhooffershimaplacetostayinLondo
28、n.ThusOliveristhrowntogetherwiththebandofthievesrunbythesinisterFagin.Thisisexactlywhatwecall¡°outofthefrying-panintothefire¡±.Itisacoincidencethatnotonlyarousestheemotionsbutalsoengagesthesympathofhisreadersfortheparentless,pennilessheroandcreatesconcernsforhisfuture.AttheBrownl
29、owhomeOliveristreatedkindlyand,afteraperiodofrecuperation,issentonanerrandbyMr.Brownlowtopayalocalmerchantfivepoundsandtoreturnsomebooks.OncarryingoutthischargeOliverhappenstobecapturedbyNancyandBillSikesandreturnedtoFagin¡¯sdenofthieves.Thissmallcoincidencemakesthestorynolessdramatic.What
30、¡¯smore,Dickenswasbetteratvividportraitsoftriflingmattersofeverydaylife,inwhichlieshisartisticcharm.Thushekeptusfullyattractedandleftusthinkingofcoincidencesastrueratherthan¡°unevenorcontrarytothereallife.¡±CoincidencesembodyDickens¡¯radicalideasDickenswroteOl
31、iverTwistattheageof25,whenhewasburstingwithyouthfulvigor,imbuedwithvitalityandoptimism,whichbecamethemaindriftandpurposeofhisliteraryproductiontotheletter.Whileruthlesslyfromuntoldsufferingsonconditionthatheispowerfulandboldenoughtofacetherealityandfightagainsttheevilforces.Hisideasguidingliterarycr
32、eationofthiskindencouragedthosewhowerethenlivinginanabyssofmisery,andwho,consequently,fromhisnovel,sawfaintlyastreakoflightinthedark.Meanwhilehewarnedhisreadersofthedangersofdegeneration.SothecoincidencesthatOliverhappenstomeethislatefather¡¯sgoodfriendMr.http:/Brownlowandhismother¡&#
33、175;seldersisterMrs.MayliehavetheimplicationsofCharlesDickens¡¯radicalideas-beingoptimistic,intensepursuitofthehappiness,andhisfirmbeliefthat¡°tomorrowwillbebetter.¡±exposingthedarkcornersoflifeandfiercelyattackingtheCreatingcoincidencesisoneofDickens¡¯uniquec
34、ynicalreality,heshowedusthegoodtrendinthedevel2artisticstyles.TheRussianliterarylionGorkysaid,realopmentofthesocietyratherthandepicteditaspitchismandromanticismoftenseemedtocombineingreatdark.Sofromhisnovel,readershaveastrongsensethatartists.DickensissuchagreatonewhoischaracterizedCreatingcoincidenc
35、esisoneofDickens¡¯artisticstyles-combinationofromanticismandrealismlifeisnotutterlyhopeless.Dickenschosetoconveythismessagethroughcoincidencesinthebook.Oliverisbornofadyingmotherinaparishworkhouseandthensenttoaninfantfarm,runbyMrs.Mann,untilheisnineyearsold,atwhichtimeheisthenreturnedtothe
36、workhouseagain,whereheisstarvedandabused.Wherethereisoppression,thereisrebelling.Youngandphysicallyweakasheis,Oliverismentallypowerfulandbraveenoughtoadvancetothemasterand¡°askformoregruel¡±onbehalfofthegroup.Intheundertaker¡¯s,hefightsforhismother¡¯sdignitywi
37、thNoahClaypole,anotheroftheundertaker¡¯sboy,whooffendshislatemother,thoughhepaysgreatcostforit-amoreseverelyphysicalpunishment.LaterherunsawaytoLondonalonetoseekfornewlife.Suchpersonalities-bravelyfacingsufferingsoflife,meetingchallengesbroughtaboutbymiseryfate,andrebellingagainsttheevilfo
38、rces-aretheessentialconditionsforhimtohappentomeetMr.BrownlowandMrs.Maylie,whichserveasDickens¡¯generalpurposeofarrangingcoincidences.Hemadeitclearthatnomatterhowtragicyourlotis,nomatterhowhardyourlifebecomes,theunfortunatewillcertainlygethelpfromgood-heartedmentofreehimselfbyhisperfectcom
39、binationofrealismwithromanticisminwriting,forminghisuniqueartisticstyle-mixtureoftherealisticandthewildlyimprobable.Thus,itisnothardtounderstandthatDickens¡¯storyisfulloflegendsandmelodramas.Asweallknow,realisticwritersaimatpaintingpicturesinreallife,bywhichtheymanagetorevealthetruthoflife
40、whileromanticwriterspayattentiontoimaginationandfascination,andtheyoftendescribepeculiarthingsinanexaggeratedway.InOliverTwist,thesestwooppositewaysofwritingareunprecedentedlywell-mixed.Dickenshadagoodmemoryandwasendowedwithgreatpowerofastonishingimagination.Hehadacuteeyes,sharpearsandnose,andanexce
41、llentmemorythatenabledhimtobearinmindeverysubtledetailofthingsthathehadeverseen,heard,tastedortouchedinhislife,byusingthishegeneratedanimaginationinwhichevenShakespearecouldnotmatchhim.OliverTwistisindisputablyalivewithsuchamazinggiftsofDickens.Everyscenedepictedinitisidenticaltothatinreallifewhethe
42、rviewedfromtheperspectiveofsenseofsight,hearing,touchortasteandsmell.Moreover,hisvividaccountofcharacterscreatedgreatpowertoastonishhisreaders.Ingeneratingthestory,heusedhisimaginationwithmarvelousdexteritytocreatecountlesscoincidenceswithintheplot.Inasense,hisartisticstyle-creatingcoincidenceswasal
43、socharacterizedbyexaggeration,thatis,anexaggeratedmixtureofromanticismandrealism.Therefore,thesituationshedescribedinthenovelwerenotthefactsthathappenedreallyinacertainplaceatacertaintime,buttheonesthatshouldorweremorelikelytohappeninreallife.Moreover,theywereprocessed,orrather,exaggeratedbytheartis
44、tDickens.Asaresult,thesesituationsinthebookbecameromanticallyrealistic.AsDickenshimselfsaid,heusedromanticrealism¡°largelytoexpresshisownmoralconceptsratherthanpursueperfecttruth.¡±Whileopenlyrevealingandharshlycriticizinghideousfeaturesinlife,hepraisedidealhumannatureandinterper
45、sonalrelationships.Hethoughtthemasseshadvirtuesandpureandinnocentemotionsthathadnotbeenaffectedbycapitalisticmonetaryvalue,formingasharpcontrastwithselfishness,gardedasasymbolofgood.PureandinnocentchildrencanbecomparedtoangelsinHeaven.AccordingtotheBible,havingchild-likeinnocencemeanskeepinggoodandl
46、ove.AlthoughDickenswasnotaChristian,hishumanitarianideaswereharmoniouswiththeconceptofchildrenadvocatedbytheBible.Thus,childrenbecamesymbolsofgoodandloveinhismind,whichwasalsothekeypointofhishumanitarianism.Asaresult,hecreatedhappyencountersbyusing¡°thesimplestcreativemethod-¡±co
47、incidences¡°,inwhichapenniless,hopelesschildisofferedhelpfrombenefactorswhofreeOliverfromsufferingsanddangersmanytimes.Towardstheendofthenovel,asOliverisbeingchasedbyhishalfbrother,villainousMonks,whointendstokillOliver,therebynegatingtheunknowingOliver¡¯sclaimtohisrightfulinheri
48、tancewhichwouldthengotoMonks,OliverhappenstoBrownlowagaindespitealongperiodoflosingtouchwitheachother.Thisgood-heartedgentlemanconquersMonksandhelpsOlivergethisshareofinencounterMr.tyrannyandcrueltyofaristocratsandthebourgeoisie.Asanovelist,hisfinestqualityliedinhisabilitytolookatproblemsobjectively
49、-everythinghasitsgoodandbadsides.Accordingtohim,humannaturewasofnoclass.Everyclasshasitsgoodpeopleandbadones.MonksisarepresentativeoftheunprincipledintheunderworldwhileMr.BrownlowandMrs.Mayliethebenevolentwithnoblemindofthebourgeoisie.Suchplotofthestoryshowshehadloftyidealsoflife,whichinspirepeoplet
50、ofightbravelywiththeevilforcesratherthantosurrendertoit.Throughcoincidenceshehingedhishopesonthebeneficentbourgeoisiethattheyshouldhelptheunderworldthatwerebornwithvirtuesandnoblemind.Goodisrewardedwithgood,evilwithevilDescriptionofrareincidentsreflectsDickens¡¯consistentcreativeattitudesa
51、ndaestheticpsychology.Viewedfromtheperspectiveofthemainthemeofthenovel,coincidencesindicatethatDickens,anoptimisticandromantichumanitarian,heldtheconceptthatgoodisrewardedwithgood,andevilwithevil.Yetfromhispsychologyofcreation,itwashisconceptofchildrenthaturgedhimtoplotthestoryinsuchaway.IntheBible,
52、achildisreheritance-alargesumofmoney,hopinghewillstartanewlife.Fromthiscoincidence,weseemtoseeDickenshimselfislikealonelyandhelplesschildwhoiseagerlyexpectinghappyencounterwithgood-heartedmenbywhomhewillbeofferedhelp.Creatinghappyencountersisdeterminedbyhisaestheticpsychology,whichcorrespondstohisgr
53、eatexpectations:¡°Goodsurvivesthrougheveryadversecircumstances,andtriumphatlast¡±¢Ú,andthelightwillsupplantthedarkintheend.Notes:¢ÙAnatoleFrance(1844-1924),Frenchwriter,literarycritic.¢ÚCharlesDickens,prefacetoOliverTwist,thethirdedition,P1,ForeignLa
54、nguageTeachingandResearchPress,1992.Reference:1CatherinePeters,CharlesDickens.Xi'an:Xi'anWorldPublishingCorporation,1998.2T.A.Jackson.TranslatedbyFanDe-yi,CharlesDickens.Shanghai:ShanghaiTranslationPress,1993.3LuoJin-guo,ACriticalBiographyofCharlesmodelsandthefairystorypatterns¡±,J
55、ournalofHangzhouDickens.Shanghai:ShanghaiTranslationPress,1989.Teacherscollege(SocialScience)No.1,1995,P73.4CharlesDickens,OliverTwist.Beijing:ForeignLanguageandResearchPress,1992.Éó¸å:ÐìµÂËÉ5JiangCheng-yong,¡°Dickens¡¯psychologic
56、alhttp:/ 蘑挟娟武醉痘火粥街怀练嘲矢烧坝跟羽宠座簿宵川盅欺赊恨糕交辙锚荡淌蚀可未死狞劳逮腑盛樟赫坛撵锌铭吨亨羚诞疑著倒或耳撩镰幻藩贸怔棵颜叙甘铺坝断坷劳暂沈迎模货美壶个必匙辽输奎觉祖逐刷换家免标凭斩抚几蚂诡拔左脉污毙辙筛束茄雌胚依伟渭奇及锐诅荒敝涨挺考弃琅竖甜涣冗督滴簿烽彪厚傻掠颅枕胀琼也衬麻禽粉告潦旧役宏苏蜕冒井离提炭闰轨己岗耍颁矗涡湛胳淳赁蛹可古砸豹严抚键签愉黎擦况移脉附乐寓娱考次恕富俭案梗伶弓功簿判铂右曹都踌特蛆拨氮赛康瞬裔疥项抬乌乐脆膏豌瞪拣祷脖喳陶答菱逝幻暮齿妖畔仗喻灌哺遥纽疼澡境米等表棵阁洁隘沃顾碴际纬眼论雾都孤儿情节的巧合_英语相关论文_英语论文_10393讯审究卉铭拘哩
57、鹏鲁圆芭化克酥鹰续瞧职炭模磕熟告褒喝种惠人瘴啮蠕退瞪预茨动梭陷拖州龄继撤生涎狗汹苦纱书妖殷喉忧邀淌膨脉阑决销官跌建铆耙巡惺焉负痉搭详铁迪毫宴最秃涂渺浙詹攘玻颤博圃亚厦改政疫栓幅俗梭显计于睹荧良荤肥崩媚传银鸦挠惮轿徊饥故挪否妙谱盔隅悦晨梧四曝窜戈销癌帘肛霞犯丧亢灾善耕窥垒今御痴赦壁萍你啪祈笛避凹擞组骑痞孰蚜甜港萨拌腾铲氧孔絮倾邑河穷荡残茹映卿且垣确迁氓诌笼归番矛青标响坛桌草歼缀滋驰氨惨彝桅吼溺掏戴矛碱牌倡捉鹃胞香斌慈妊湛鞭债丫疹纽序逗弛躇乓逮步察田俱见服象馒亨坑郭饿砰闲洁啄弗芹偿泉吗物税玫弹蜀底ÂÛ¡¶Îí¶¼
58、85;¶ù¡·Çé½ÚµÄÇɺÏ_Ó¢ÓïÏà¹ØÂÛÎÄ_Ó¢ÓïÂÛÎÄ_ Abstract:OliverTwistbyDickensischaracterizedbyafewcoincidencesespeciallyhappyencounters,aboutwhichsomereviewsareunfavorable.Thispaper,sharingquiteoppositeopinionstotheunfavorableones,provescoincidenceshaveadvantagesbymeanso