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1、Grammar 第三课时ZDCH重点词汇1. occasionally adv.偶尔地；有时地I occasionally go to the movies with him. 我偶尔和他去看电影。知识拓展occasion n.场合；节庆；活动；机会；理 由 I met the official on several occasions. 我在几次不同的场合见过那位官员。 This is not an occasion for laughter. 现在不是该笑的时候。 i司语韌辛析:occasion, opportunity, chance 1）三词都表示有可能做某事的时候。 occasion
2、指社交上从事某活动的合适时机 A wedding is an occasion for celebration.婚礼是欢庆的时刻。 2)opportunity和chance指有做某事所必需的 实际环境。 ©I took the opportunity of visiting my aunt while I was in London.我利用在伦敦的机会探望了我的姨母。；一C 丄 c c J1c 3)chance还可以指可能性的程度。 What are your chances of going abroad? 你岀国的可能性如何？高考直击 （2008 湖北）As he works i
3、n a remote area,he visits his parents only. A. occasionallyB anxiously C practicallyD urgently解析：考查副词词义辨析。因为他在偏远 地区工作。所以他只能偶尔来看望他的父 母。occasionally “偶尔；有时候"； anxiously “焦急地"；practically “ 实际地 ” ；urgently "紧急地”。均不符合句意。答案：A-即学即用 I saw Bob play the piano at John's party andon thathe w
4、as simply brilliant. A. sceneB circumstance C occasionD situation答案:c 2. argue vi. &w.争论;辩论；说服 1）作不及物动词用时，常与介词about, over, on连用。 They are arguing about the question of diet.我们在为饮食问题而争论不休。2）作及物动词，意为“辩论；说服；表明 ；主张”。； Her accent argues that she is from Dalian.她的口音表明她是大连人。知识拓展 aTgument 争吵；辩论 argue sb
5、. into/out of doing sth.说月艮某人做/ 不做某事 argue(with sb.)about/over/on sth 与某人争 论某事 argue against argue for赞成；主张；辩护He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday.他和玛丽争论度假的最好去处。词语辨析： argue, quarrelaigue争论quarrel 争吵 People generally quarrel because they cannot argue. (Ches terton)-人们通常因为不能辩论而争吵。（切斯
6、特顿 ）即学即用：；"；他反对吸烟。答案： He argued against smoking.NDJX难点解析 1. Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch?你曾为看哪个电视节目和家人争吵过吗？ which TV programme to watch是“疑问词+不定式”结构，在句中作介词about的宾 语。； Tm thinking about which car to buy.我在考虑买哪辆车。知识拓展 “疑问句+不定式”用法小结: 1）疑问代词who, what, which等和疑
7、问副词 when, where, how等后面跟不定式可构成不 定式短语，这种结构在句中可以作主语、 宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。 ©Where to go is still a question.到哪儿去还是个问题。（主语） （2）1 don't know where to find the boy.我不知道到哪里能找到这个男孩。（宾语）2) “疑问词+不定式”结构常用在tell, show, understand, explain, teach, learn, advise, discuss, find out等词后作宾语。 ©He showed me how t
8、o do the work.他教我怎样做这项工作。；You'd better find out where to put it.你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。 3) “疑问词+不定式”结构可以把复合句 转换为简单句。I don't know what I'll do next. = I don't know what to do next.我不知道接下来该做什么。；The doctor told him when he should take the medicine. = The doctor told him when to take the medicine
9、.-医生告诉了他该何时服用这种药。 4) “疑问词+不定式”结构可以构成独立 问句。What to do next?下一步怎么办？；：；How to get rid of the trouble?如何摆脱困境？-即学即用 This is an unpleasant subjectwemight argue for a long while. A in whichB with them C about whichD with it答案：C 2Good for you!干得好！好棒！也可说good on you用于表示祝贺。 I won the match.我比赛赢了。 ； Good for yo
10、u!干得好！知识拓展1 )make good成功；达成；履行；弥补She hopes to make good as a model. 她希望她的模特儿生涯能成功。2) for good永久地He left the country for good. 他离开了那个国家，永不回来。3) It is no good doing.某人即使做也是 没用的 It would be no good my taking up the matter now.-即学即用 I have passed the exam.答案：Good for you.about thefor meI 3 Which paragra
11、ph tells you plot(the story)?哪一段讲述了故事情节？ plot l)n. (1)故事情节； The plot was too complicated couldn't follow it.我觉得情节太复杂一我看不明白 (2)(几人的)密谋；阴谋 The plot was discovered in time. 2）v.（1）密谋；参与阴谋!； （2）与他人谋划（某事） ； They were plotting the overthrow of the government.-他们正在策划推翻政府。 ；即学即用 They are hatching a paga
12、instgovernment.答案：plot 4 Which paragraph tells you about the setting of the film（where and when the film takes place）?哪一段讲述了电影的背景（影片发生的地点 和时间）？ setting（小说，戏剧等）的舞台；背景（通常 用单数形式表示）。 The setting of the story is a hotel in Paris during the war.故事发生在战时巴黎的一家旅馆里。知识拓展l)set e.以为背景The novel is set in eighteent
13、hcentury Paris. 那本小说以18世纪的巴黎为背景。2) set aside储蓄(时间，金钱)3) set back使延迟(某段时间)；阻碍4) set down放下；记录；使乘客下车5) set off出发；动身；着手干6) set out出发；动身；着手干7) set up搭建；开办；创建-即学即用 Memorial Day is a US nationalholidayto remember those whogave their lives in the service of the nation. A put upB set aside C put onD set up答
14、案：BXKBYF新课标语法 1.频度副词和地点副词用法例词例句频度副词 表示行为 动作发生 的频率， 经常用于 回答how often 引 起的问句。oftenalwaysusualy sometimes seldomneverrarely occasionally once a week twice a year every other day constantly frequently regularly1 He usually gets up at 7 ofclock in the morning now and then他通常早上7点起床。 He waters these flower
15、s every other day.他每隔一天给这些花浇一次水。 She is constantly changing her mind.她不断地改变自己的主意。 We do write to each other now and then, but not regularly. 我们确实偶尔写信，但不经常。地点副词 表示行为 动作发生 的地点， 常用于回 答where引 起的问句。above abroad ahead away back down downstairs downtown eastward anywhere everywhere far here in indoors insi
16、de midway out nearby over outdoors outside overseas there upstairs westward He spends a lot of time travelling abroad他总是花很多时间到国外旅游。 We stayed indoors most of the time. 我们大部分时间都待在室内。 Her man*s been sent overseas by hisemployers.她的丈夫已被雇主派到海外。 Litter Tom was watching TV upstairswhen I came back我回来时小汤姆正
17、在楼上看电视。 Put the biscuits on the shelf above. 把饼干放到上面的架子上。 Don't stand outside. It's cold不要站在外面，太冷了。 ©Pm sorry but she isn't in.对不起，施不在。助记日一二三四五六日一二三四always（总是）usually（通常）-often （经常） 一 sometimes（有日寸）一seldom （很少）neveT（绝不） 2.副词和副词短语副词用来说明动作或状态的特征，它在句 中主要作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词 及短语、句子等，有时也作可作表语
18、或定 语。副词按词汇意义和句法功能可分为时 间副词、地点副词、频度副词、程度副词 、方式副词、疑问副词、连接副词及关系 副词等，在本模块Grammar 1中我们已经 介绍了频度副词和地点副词，以下着重介 绍时间副词和方式副词。用法例词例句时间副词一 般放在句末， 有时也放在 句首。agobeforeearly immediately now recently lately then yesterday tomorrow tonight today at once before long for long in no time still now already in the morning s
19、ince then1 Just recently I decided to look a new job.就在不久前我决定找份 新工作。 Before long Marx had to move on again不久马克思不得不再迁 移。 The kids will be leaving home in no time. 孩子们马上就要离开家 To We are leaving for Nanjing soon.我们不久就要去南京了oangrily easily happily quietly sadly quickly briefly simply carefully hard fast方式
20、副词一般用 来回答“怎样” 这类问题，大部 分方式副词由“形容词+iy” 构成，位置比较 灵活，既可以放 在句首，也可放 在句首，也可放 在句中或句末。 Let me tell you briefly what happened.我来大致给你讲一 下所发生的事情吧O I saw the teacher come into the classroom angrily.我看见老师生气地 走进了教室。 (1)形容词和副词同形的词:单词形容词 意义副词意义单词形容词意义副词意义late已故的1迟到high1高的early1早的s早fast'快的快long1长的长时间地enough足够的足够sl
21、ow1慢的 low1低的低 (2)有些词原形既是形容词又是副词，加ly 之后又可以构成另外的副词。如： hard努力hardly几乎不 near附近一nearly几乎 most大多数mostly大部分地 high高一highly高度地 close靠近closely密切地 late迟到一1 ately最近 deep深入地下地deeply深深地 wide (嘴吧、眼睛等)张得大大地-widely 广泛地 (3)几个副词同时岀现在句中时，先后顺序 为：先方式副词，再地点副词，后时间副 词。 I have been nowhere recently, for I have a donze irons
22、in the fire.最近我哪儿也没去，因为我太忙了。高考直击 (1)(2009 天津)It was a nice house,buttoo small for a family of five. A. rarelyB fairly C ratherD pretty解析：考查副词。四个选项中，只有 rather可以与比较级以及副词too “太”连 用。句意：“房子不错，但是住五口之家 又太小了” o答案：C (2)(2009 -福建)It seems that living greeniseasy and affordable. A small stepmakes a big differe
23、nce. A. exactly B fortunately C. surprisingly D. hardly解析：考查副词。exactly "准确地”； fortunately “幸运地” ；surprisingly “惊讶 地，岀乎意料地” ；hardly "几乎不”。 句意为：似乎保护环境是岀乎意料的简单 可行，小小的行动能带来很大的不同。选 Co答家：C (3)(2009 全国II )Thechildren loved theirday trip,and theyenjoyed the horseride A. mostB more C. lessD.little解
24、析：本题题意：这些孩子喜欢本次一日游，他们最喜欢的是骑马。most为程度副 词，表示“最” o 例如：I like the last song most.我最喜欢最后那首歌。注意：day trip 表示“当天来回的短途旅行；一日游”。答案：A (4)(2009 -辽宁)Usually John would be latefor meetings. But this time, to mysurprise, he arrived on time. A. littleB much C. everD. even解析：考查副词的用法。前一句说“通常 开会约翰总是迟到”，后一句“但是这一 次，他准时到达
25、，所以令人感到十分惊讶 ” o much to one's surprise “ 令人感到十分 惊讶”；类似的结*勾有：much to one* joy (excitement, astonishment.)答家：R (5)(2010 全国II - 13)The island isattrative in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. A. partlyB mewly C nearly 答案：DD equally解析：考查副词词义。只要知道词义即可 选出答案，该题较为简单。A.部分的
26、；B. 只不过；C.几乎；D.同样的，相等的。 (6)(2010 -福建-23)Volunteeringisbecomingpopular in China. Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. A. naturallyB. successfully C. splendidlyD. increasingly答案：D 解析：考查副词。A项意为“自然地，当然地” ；B项意为“成功地” ；C项意为“ 壮丽地，非常好地” ；D项意为“越来越多地”。第一句句意为：志愿工作在中国 比砂松】iTl 士右涉
27、CT石 (7)(2010 -浙江 ll)Do you think shoppingonline will take the place ofshopping in stores? A.especiallyB.frequently C. merely D.finally答案：D解析：本题考查副词辨析。分析四个选项 的意思:especially 特别，尤其;frequently 经常；merely仅反；finally最终。根据语 境：你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物 吗？-即学即用（2008 湖北）As he works in a remote area, he visits his parent
28、s only. A. occasionally B anxiously C practicallyD urgently答案：A 一Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening? Excellent! Ales and Andyperformedand they won the firstprize. A. skillfully B. commonly C. willingly D. nervously答案：A The final score of the basketball match was 9394. We were onlybeaten. A. nearlyB.slightly C narrowlyD.lightly姣窒.c f=i- VzHe beganto takea political scienceonly when he left school. A striculyB.truly C carefullyD.seriously答案：DKHQHZY课后强化作业