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1、America n Literature: Writers & WorksThe Col on ial PeriodThe Age of Reas on and En lighte nmentJohn SmithBenjamin Fran kli nWilliam BradfordThomas PaineJoh n Win thropJoh n de CrevecoeurJohn Cott onJoh n Woolma nRoger WilliamsPhilip Fren eauCott on MatherPhilis WheatleyJon atha n EdwardsCharles
2、 Brockde n Brow nAnne BradstreetEdward TaylorThe Age of Roma nticismThe Age of RealismWash ington IrvingWilliam Dea n HowellsJames Fenimore CooperHenry JamesRalph Waldo Emers onMark Twai nHenry David ThoreauStephe n CraneNatha niel Hawthor neBenjam in Frank NorrisHerman MelvilleTheodore DreiserEdgar
3、 Allan PoeEdwin Arlington RobinsonWalt WhitmanJack LondonEmily Dick inson0. He nryUpto n Sin clairThe Colonial Period1. Joh n Smith (1580-1631)The first American writer writing in EnglishThe Ge neral History of Virgi nia(1624) (Pocaho ntas)A Description of New En gla nd(1614)A Map of Virgi nia; With
4、 a Description of the Cou ntry(1612)2. William Bradford (1590-1657)Father of America n historyThe first governor of the Plymouth Pla ntati on(1620)History of Plymouth Pla ntati on(1630,1856)3. John Win throp (1588-1657)The first gover nor of the Massachusetts Bay Col onyThe writer who best expressed
5、 the Puritan faith in the colonial periodThe History of New En gla nd(two volumes, 1825, 1826; 1630 - 1649 in diary)Model of Christia n Charity(serm on)4. Joh n Cotto n (1584-1652)The most eminent and admired minister in the first generation of New England Puritans.5. Roger Williams (1603-1683)Tran
6、slated the Bible into the In dia n ton gueA purita n disse nter, a sta unch fighter for freedom and democracyThe Bloody Tenet of Persecuti on for Cause of Con scie nee(1644)A Key into the Lan guage of America6. Cotton Mather (1663-1728)An in exhaustible writer, produci ng more tha n 500 books on an
7、in credible variety of subjectsThe most eminent and admired minister in the first generation of New England Puritans.A skillful preacher, a great Puritan historian, an eminent theologian, a graduate of Harvard CollegeThe Magn alia Christi America(The Ecclesiastical History of New En gla nd)7. Jon at
8、han Edwards (1703-1758)America' s first systematicphilosopherCon tributed to“ Great Awake ning ”(1730s-1740s) and “ Tran see nden talismForerunner of the America n transcenden talismSinners in the Hands of an Angry God (best and most represe ntative serm on)The Freedom of the Will (1754) (master
9、piece)The Great Doctri ne of Origi nal Sin Defe nded (1758)The Nature of True Virtue (1765)Images or Shadows of Divine Things8. Ann Bradstreet (1612-1672)The first America n woma n poetA Purita n poetThe Tenth Muse Lately Spr ung up in America (1650)Con templatio ns“To My Dear and Loving Husband ”“
10、The Flesh and the Spirit ”9. Edward Taylor (1642-1729)The most famous poet in the colon ial periodA meditative poet (baroque); A puritan poetPreparatory Meditati onsHuswiferyUpon a Spider Catchi ng a FlyThe Poems of Edward Taylor (1960)The Age of Reason and Revolution1. Benjami n Fran kli n (1706-17
11、90)One of the Fou nding Fathers of the USAPoor Richard ' s Almanac (1732-1758)The Autobiography of Benjamin Fran kli n/Memoirs2. Thomas Pai ne (1737-1809)Com mon Sen sJa nuary 10, 1776)The America n Crisis (December, 1776)The Rights of ManThe Age of Reas onAgraria n Justice3. John de Crevecoeur
12、(1735-1813)Letters from an America n Farmer(1775) (12 letters)4. Joh n Woolma n (1663-1728)Journal“ Some Con siderati ons on the Keep ing of Negroes ”“ A Plea for the Poor”5. Philip Fren eau (1752-1832)丹i 现，i 肌"声ii丹i片片F f iPoet of the America n Revoluti on (18th cen tury)The first America n-bor
13、n poet; Father of America n poetryEstablished the Nati onal Gazette in Philadelphia in 1791 with Thomas Jeffers on' s supportThe Rising Glory of AmericaThe British Prison Ship (1871)To the Memory of the Brave America ns (1871)On the Memorable Victory of Joh n Paul JonesThe In dia n Bury ing Grou
14、ndThe Dying In dia n: Tomo ChequiThe Wild Ho neysuckle6. Philis Wheatley (1754-1784)The first black woman poet in American literatureOn Messrs Hussey and Coffi n (1770)Poems on Various Subjects (1773)7.The first important American novelistCharles Brockden Brown 一Wieland/The Transformation: An Americ
15、an TaleEdgar Huntly (1799)(1798) (first American novel)Ormo nc(1799)Aurthur Mervyn (1800)The Age of RomanticismThe Begi nning of American Roma nticism 1810 18401. Wash in gton Irving (1783 - 1859)Father of America n literatureFather of America n short storyThe first America n writer of imagi native
16、literature to gai n intern ati onal fameThe first prose stylist of America n Roma nticism“ the America n Goldsmith ”The History of New York from the Begi nning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dyn asty (1809)The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayo n, Gen t (1819 - 1820)“ Rip Van Winkle ”“ The Lege nd
17、of Sleepy Hollow ”The History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus(1828)A Chro nicle of the Co nquest of Gran ada(1829)The Alhambra (1832)Life of GoldsmithLife of Washi ngton2. James Fen imore Cooper (1789 - 1851)The first importa nt America n no vist.A master of adve nturous n arrative a
18、nd the creator of an America n hero-mythThe creator of sea no vels and the America n fron tier no velsThe SpyThe PilotLeatherstock ing Tales(Natty Bumpoo)“The Pioneers ” (1823)“The Last of the Mohicans” (1826)“The Prairie ”(1827)“The Pathfinder ”(1840)“The Deerslayer ” (1841)New En gla nd Tran sce n
19、de ntalism 1830 18503. Ralph Waldo Emers on (1803 - 1882)“ Father ” of American literatureSpokesma n of New En gla nd Transcenden talismNature (1836) (Bible of New England Transcendentalism)The American Scholar (1837) (America ' s Declaration of Intellectual Independence)Divi nity School Address
20、(1838)“ The Transcenden talist ”“ Self-Relianee ”Represe ntative Man (1850)En glish Traits(1856)The Rhodora (1846)4. Henry David Thoreau (1817 - 1862)Civil Disobedience (1849) (Concord jail experienee)Walden/Life in the Woods (Jul. 4, 1845- Sept. 6, 1847)A Week on the Con cord and Merrimack Rivers (
21、1838)“ A Plea for Joh n Brow n ”American Ren aissa nce 1830 18605. Natha niel Hawthorne (1804- 1864)The most ambivale nt writer in America n literature historyA master of symbolismSalem, MassachusettsTwice-told Tales (1837)Mosses from an Old Manse (1846)“Young Goodman Brown (1835)“The Minister '
22、 s Black Veil ”“The Birthmark ”“Rappaccini ' s Daughter ”The Scarlet Letter (1850)The House of the Seven Gables (1851)The Blithedale Roma nee (1852)The Marble Faun (1860)Fan shawe(1828)6. Herman Melville (1819 - 1891)Received recog niti on un til 1920sMoby Dick/The Wale (1851) (Ishmael, Ahab, Mo
23、by Dick)Typee : A Peep at Ply nesian Life (1846)Omoo : A Narrative of Adve ntures in the South Seas (1847)Mardi : And a Voyage Thither (1849)Redburn : His First Voyage (1849)White Jacket / The World in a Ma n-of-War (1850)Pierre / The Ambiguities (1852)The Co nfide nce-Ma n: His Masquerade (1857)Bar
24、tleby the Scrive ner (1853)Benito Cere no (1855)Billy Budd (1889, 1924)Clarel (1876)7. Edgar Alla n Poe (1809- 1849)Origi nator and father of detective storyFather of psychoa nalytic criticismTales of the Grotesque and ArabesqueFall of the House of the UsherThe Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841)The Ra
25、ven (1844)“ Ann able Lee ”“ To Hele n ”“ Alo ne ”“The Tell -Tale Heart ”The Philosophy of Composition (1846)The Poetic Prin ciple (1850)8. Walt Whitma n (1819- 1892)A poet of free verse; Tran siti onal figureLeaves of Grass (1855 to 1892 nine editions)(12 poems -383 poems)“ Song of Myself ” (1855) (
26、1336 lines)“O Captai n! My Captai n!”“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom ' d"“ I Hear America Singing "9. Emily Dickinson (1830 - 1886)Of the 1775 poem, only 7 poem were published in her lifetimeThe Poems of Emily Dick inson (1955 Thoms on H. Joh nson)“ My Life Closed Twice Before
27、Its Close "“Wild Nights Wild Nights ”“ Death is a Dialogue Betwee n”“ I Reckon When I Count at all“ Tell all the Truth but tell it Sla ntWilliam Cullen Bryant (17941878)“ To a Waterfowl " (the most perfect brief poem in the Ianguage)Post-roma nticistHe nry Wadsworth Lon gfellow (1807-1882)
28、The Song of HiawathaEva ngeli neHarriet Beecher Stoweaboliti onistUncle Tom' s CabinThe Age of Realism (1865- 1914)1. William Dean Howells (1837 - 1920)Champion (arbiter) of literary realism in AmericaThe Rise of Silas Lapham (1885)Criticism and Fictio n(1891)Their Weddi ng Jour neyA Modern Inst
29、anee (1882)The Minister ' s ChargeA World of Cha neeAnn ie Kilbur nA Hazard of New Fort unes (1890)2. Henry James (1843 - 1916)First moder n psychological an alyst (F oun der of psychological realism) (stream-of-c on scious ness) Psychological realistThe American (1877)Daisy Miller (1878)The Por
30、trait of a Lady (1881) (Isabel Archer)The Turn of the Screw (1898)What Maisie KnewThe Ambassadors (1903)The Wings of the Dove (1902)The Golden Bowl (1904)The Ivory TowerThe Sense of the PastThe America n Sce neMadame de Mauves“ The Art of Fiction”Local Colorism3. Mark Twain (1835 - 1910)Samuel Lan g
31、hor ne Cleme ns“ the true father of our n ati on al literatureLocal color; colloquial speech; vern acular Ian guage;“ a boy and an old man, but n ever was he a manCelebrated Jump ing Frog of Calaveras CountyThe Gilded Age (1873)The Adve ntures of Tom Sawyer (1876)The Adve ntures of Huckleberry Finn
32、(1884)Life on the Mississippi (1883)s Court (1889)A Conn ecticut Yan kee in Ki ng ArthurThe Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg (1900)The Mysterious Stra nger(1916)Autobiography (1924)Innocents Abroad (1869)Roughi ng It (1872)Pudd' nhead Wils onThe Prince and the Pauper (1882)American Claima nt (1892)
33、Follow ing the EquatorDisgraceful Persecuti on of a BoyGoldsmith ' s Friend Abroad AgainThe Treaty with ChinaTo the Pers on Sitti ng in Darkn ess4. Bret Harte (1836 - 1902)The Luck of Roaring Camp (1868)The Outcasts of Poker FlatHamlin Garla nd (1860 - 1940)veritism 真实主义The Main-Traveled Roads (
34、1891)(collection of six short stories)Crumbling Idols : Twelve Essays on Art Dealing Chiefly with Literature, Painting and the Drama (1894)The Cou ntry of the Pointed Firs (1896)Louisa May AlcottLittle Wome nKate Chopi n (1850 - 1904)The Awake ningNaturalism5. Stephen Crane (1871 - 1900)Pion eer who
35、 wrote in the n aturalistic traditi onPion eer in the field of moder n poetry (Imagist poetry)First America n n aturalistMaggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893) (first naturalistic novel)The Black Riders (1895) (poems)The Red Badge of Courage (1895) (first an ti-war novel)The Blue HotelAn Experiment in
36、 MiseryOpe n Boat (1897)The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky (1898)The Mo nster“ A Man Said to the Un iverse ”“ A Man Adrift on a Slim Spar ”6. Benjamin Frank Norris (1870 - 1902)McTeagueA Story of San Fran cisco (1899)The Octopus: A Story of California (1901)The Pit : A Story of Chicago (1903)The Wolf: A
37、Story of EuropeThe Respo nsibilities of the Novelist(1903)7. Theodore Dreiser (1871- 1945)Frank Cowperwood Trilogy of Desire“ the world ' s worst great writer ”Sister Carrie (1900) (Hurstwood)Jennie Gerhardt (1911)The Genius (1915) (autobiographic)The Financier (1912)The Titan (1912)The Stoic (1
38、947)An American Tragedy (1925)The Bulwark (1946)Dreiser Looks at Russia (1928)Tragic American (1931)8. Edwin Arlington Robinson (1860 - 1935)Man Agai nst the SkyRichard CoryMi niver CheevyFlam monde9. Jack Lon do n (1876 - 1916)Darwi nian n aturalistThe Call of the Wild (1903)White Fang (1906)The Se
39、a Wolf (1904)The Iron HeelMartin Eden (autobiographic)The Son of the Wolf (1900)10. O. Henry (1862 - 1910)William Sid ney PorterImitated French writer De Maupassa ntThe Gift of the MagiThe Cop and the An themAn Unfin ished StoryThe Fur ni shed RoomThe Voice of the City11. Upton Sinclair (1878 - 1896)the Muckrak ing Moveme ntThe Jungle (1906)