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1、外研版英语九（上）Module 9模块语法详解与训练模块语法详解被动语态（3）一般将来时的被动语态与含有情态动词的被动语态一、一般将来时的被动语态1. 一般将来时的被动语态有两种结构：主语+will/shall be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者). 表示“将会被”。如：Some trees will be planted this spring. 今年春天将要种些树。Our college will sent her to Oxford University. 我们学院将派她去牛津大学。主语+ be (am/is/are) going to be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者). 表
2、示“准备/打算被”。如：These trees are going to be cut down. 这些树将要被砍伐。They are going to invite you to the party. 他们准备邀请你参加这个聚会。2. 一般将来时的被动语态的各种句式：肯定句形式：主语+will/shall /be (am/is/are) going to+be+done.A new stadium will be put up here. 一个新的体育场将被建在这里。Some old buildings are going to be pulled down. 一些老建筑将会被拆除。否定句形
3、式：主语+will not /shall not/be (am/is/are) not going to + be +done.A new stadium wont be put up here. 一个新的体育场将不会被建在这里。Some old buildings arent going to be pulled down. 一些老建筑将不会被拆除。一般疑问句形式及其简略回答：Will+主语+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Yes, 主语+will/shall. / No, 主语+wont/shant.Will a new stadium be put up here? 一个新的
4、体育场将会被建在这里吗？Yes, it will. 是的，会。/ No, it wont. 不，不会。Be (am/is/are) +主语+going to+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Yes, 主语+be. / No, 主语+be not.Are some old buildings going to be pulled down? 一些老建筑将会被拆除吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们会。/ No, they arent. 不，他们不会。特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+will/shall +主语+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)?What will be p
5、ut up here? 什么将会被建造在这里？特殊疑问词+be (am/is/are) +主语+going to+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)?What are going to be pulled down? 什么将会被拆除？二、含有情态动词(should, may, might, can, could, must)的被动语态：1. 含有情态动词的被动语态的常用结构：主语+情态动词+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者).The man must be sent to hospital. 这个人必须被送往医院。Teenagers should be allowed to go
6、out with their friends. 应该允许青少年和朋友外出。2. 含有情态动词的被动语态的各类句式：肯定句形式：主语+情态动词+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者).Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可以由石头制造。Waste paper should be thrown here. 废纸应该扔在这里。否定句形式：主语+情态动词+not+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者).Tables cant be made of stone. 桌子不可以由石头制造。Waste paper should not be thrown here. 废纸不应该扔
7、在这里。一般疑问句形式及其简略回答：情态动词+主语+be+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Yes, 主语+情态动词. / No, 主语+情态动词+not.Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？Yes, they can. 是的，他们可以。/ No, they arent. 不，他们不可以。Should waste paper be thrown here? 废纸应该扔在这里吗？Yes, it should. 是的，应该。/ No, it shouldnt. 不，不应该。特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+ be +动词过去分词(+by+动作
8、执行者)?What can be made of stone? 什么能用石头制造？ What should be thrown here? 什么应该扔在这里？三、被动语态的几种特殊形式：1. 主动结构表示被动意义feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。如：This kind of drink tastes strange. 这种饮料尝起来味道很怪。Our teacher looks younger than she is. 我们老师看起来比实际年龄小。当主语为物时，动词sell, write, cut, open, lock, read,
9、clean, wash, burn, drive等作不及物动词时，用主动形式表被动意义，用来表示某物的性质、特征。如：The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 / This knife cuts well. 这把小刀很锋利。不及物动词和某些动词短语没有被动语态。这类的动词(短语)有happen, take place, break out, last, cost, spread 等。如：An accident happened near here yesterday. 昨天这附近发生了一起事故。Great changes have taken place in our city
10、 in the past few years. 在过去的几年时间里，我们城市发生了很大的变化。不定式在一些形容词(如easy, difficult, hard, good, impossible, heavy 等)之后，且与主语有动宾关系时，要用主动形式表被动意义。如：This question is easy to answer. 这个问题很容易回答。/ This box is heavy to carry. 这个箱子扛起来很重。sth. need/ want/ require doing相当于sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被动结构)。如：
11、Your room needs cleaning.=Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房间需要打扫了。be worth doing (值得做) 中的doing表示被动含义。如：The movie is worth watching by everyone. 这部电影值得所有人看一看。2. 不用被动语态的情况主动句的谓语动词是系动词（feel, look, sound, seem, become等）、不及物动词（happen, take, please, disappear等）、表示状态的及物动词（have, rise, hold等）或某些动词短语（come tr
12、ue; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place等）时，不能用于被动语态。如：This was happened in 1989.（错）This happened in 1989.（对）The trees have been become green.（错）The trees have become green.（对）主动句的宾语是不定式或动名词时，不能用作被动语态的主语。如：My brother enjoys watching TV. 我弟弟喜欢看电视。不能变成：Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.（误）He asked t
13、o have a try. 他请求试一试。不能变成：To have a try was asked by him.（误）主动句的宾语是反身代词或each other时，不能用作被动语态的主语。如：The woman introduced herself as Mrs. Li. 那个妇女自我介绍说她是李夫人。不能变成：Herself was introduced herself as Mrs. Li.（误）They help each other to study English. 他们互相帮助学习英语。不能变成：Each other is helped to study English.（误）
14、3. 被动语态与系表结构的区别“be+动词的过去分词”表示动作时是被动语态；“be+动词的过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时是系表结构。含有“by+宾语”结构强调动作执行者，此时为被动语态。如：The window is broken. 窗户坏了。（系表结构）/ The window is broken by me. 窗户是我打破的。（被动语态）句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般是被动语态。如：The door was closed. 门是关着的。（系表结构）/ The door was closed at 9: 00. 九点钟关的门。（被动语态）系表结构中常用介词搭配，被动语态中没有介词搭配。如
15、：Were worried about the boy. 我们担心那个男孩。系表结构的过去分词可以被副词修饰。如：Im really surprised at the news. 我对这个消息真的感到很惊讶。系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而被动语态可用于多种时态。四、被动语态用法总结：根据时态变化的规则，将一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和含有情态动词的主动语态和被动语态的结构总结如下（以do为例）：时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+done一般过去时didwas/were+done一般将来时will/ be(am/is/are) going to d
16、owill/ be(am/is/are) going to+be+done情态动词can/could/must docan/could/must+be+done被动语态的肯定句形式、否定句形式和疑问句形式列表如下（以do为例）：一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时肯定句形式主语+be+done.主语+was/were+done.主语+will/shall+be going to+be+done.否定句形式主语+be+not +done.主+was/were +not+done.主语+will/shall+be not+going to+ be+done.一般疑问句形式Be+主语+done?Was/W
17、ere+主语+done?Will/Shall+主语+be+done?/Be+主语+going to+be+done?特殊疑问句形式特殊疑问词+be+主语+done?特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+done?特殊疑问词+will+主语+be +done?/ 特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be +done?模块语法即学即练一、单项选择。( ) 1. Hundreds of jobs if the factory closes.A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. have lost( ) 2. computers more than book
18、s in the future?A. Will; use B. Is; used C. Do; use D. Will; be used( ) 3. Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work today. A. may do B. must do
19、60; C. must be done D. may be done( ) 4. - Will the boy for his bad behaviour (行为)? - Of course.A. be punished B. punish C. is punished D. punished( ) 5. We were told that a new car factory here the next year.A. will set up B.
20、will set be up C. would set up D. be would set up( ) 6. - Must we clean the classroom now? - No, you neednt. It after school.A. may clean B. must clean C. can be cleaned D. need be cleaned( ) 7. The task in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.A. will be finished B. was finished C. has
21、been finished D. cant be finished( ) 8. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meeting in the playground of our school.A. is holding B. will hold C. will be held D. is to be holding( ) 9. In order to make Dandong more beautiful, more trees and flowers every year.A. will plant B. should be planted C.
22、 should plant D. must plant( ) 10. I promise that this matter next week.A. will be taken care B. will take care of C. will take care D. will be taken care of( ) 11. - A new park in our hometown next year. - Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A. will build B. will be built C. is built D. bui
23、lt( ) 12. An exhibition of paintings at the art museum when he comes back from abroad.A. is going to hold B. is going to be held C. are going to hold D. are going to be held( ) 13. You around our school this afternoon. Now, please have a good rest.A. are shown B. have shown C. will show D. are going
24、 to be shown( ) 14. The students on everything they have learnt this year.A. is going to be examining B. are going to examine C. are going to be examined D. is going to be examined( ) 15. - Do you have Jays CDs? - Sorry, they are . But well get some more next week because they .A. sold out; sell wel
25、l B. sold well; are on sale C. selling well; sell well D. for sale; sell well二、用所给动词的被动语态完成句子。1. The sports meeting (hold) next month.2. The earth is our home. It must (protect) well.3. Children should (allow) to choose their clothes.4. These magazines can (not take out of) the reading room.5. The p
26、roblem is going to (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow.三、根据要求完成句子。1. The young tree can be planted now. (改为主动语态)We the young tree now.2. Should the classroom be cleaned on time? (作肯定回答) , .3. Tom will pay ten yuan for the pen. (改为被动语态) Ten yuan by Tom for the pen.4. The flowers must be watered once a
27、day. (改为一般疑问句) the flowers once a day?5. Teenagers should be allowed to play with friends at night. (改为否定句)Teenagers to play with friends at night.外研版英语九（上）Module 9模块语法即学即练答案一、单项选择。15 BDCAD 610 CACBD 1115 BBDCA二、用所给动词的被动语态完成句子。1. will be held 2. be protected 3. be allowed 4. not be taken out of 5. be discussed三、根据要求完成句子。1. can plant 2. Yes, it should 3. will be paid 4. Must, be watered 5. shouldnt be allowed4 / 4