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1、Goodafternoon. It is a great honor for meto be here in Shanghai, and to have this opport unity to speak with all of you. rd like to tha nk Fuda n Un iversity'sPreside nt Yang for his hospitalityand his gracious welcome. I'd also like to thank our outstanding Ambassador, Jon Hun tsma n, who e
2、xemplifies the deep ties and respect betwee n our n ati on s. I don't know what he said, but I hope it was good. (Laughter.)What I'd like to do is to make some opening remarks, and then what rm really look ing forward to doing is tak ing questi ons, not only from students who are in the audi
3、enee, but also we've received questions online, which will be asked by some of the students who are here in the audienee, as well as by Ambassador Huntsman. And I am very sorry that my Chinese is not as good as your English, but I amlooking forward to this chanee to have a dialogue.This is my fi
4、rst time traveling to China, and I'm excited tosee this majestic country. Here, in Shanghai, wesee the growth that has caught the attention of the world - the soaring skyscrapers, the bustling streets and entrepreneurialactivity.And just as rm impressed by these sig ns of Chi na's journey to
5、the 21st cen tury, I'm eager to see those an cie nt places that speak to us from Chi na's dista nt past. Tomorrow and the n ext day I hope to have a chancewhenI'm in Beijing to see the majesty of the Forbidden City and thewonder of the Great Wall. Truly,this is a nation that encompasses
6、both a rich history and a belief in the promise of the future.The same can be said of the relati on ship betwee n our twocountries.Shanghai, of course, is a city that has great meaningin the history of the relati on ship betwee n the Un ited Statesand Chin a. It was here, 37 years ago, that the Shan
7、 ghaiCommunique ope ned the door to a new chapter of en gageme nt betwee n our gover nments and among our people. However,America's ties to this city - and to this country - stretchback further, to the earliest days of America's in depe nden ce.In 1784, our founding father, George Washington
8、,commissionedthe Empress of China, a ship that set sail for these shores so that it could pursue trade with the Qing Dyn asty. Washi ngton wan ted to see the ship carry the flag around the globe, and to forge new ties with n ati ons like China. This is a com monAmerican impulse - the desire to reach
9、 for new horizons, andto forge new partn erships that are mutually ben eficial.Over the two cen turies that have followed, the curre nts ofhistory have steered the relati on shipbetwee n our coun tries inman ydirecti ons.And eve n in the midst of tumultuous win ds, ourpeople had opportunitiesto forg
10、e deep and even dramatic ties.For in sta nee, America ns will n ever forget the hospitality show n to our pilots who were shot dow n over your soil duri ng WorldWar II, and cared for by Chi nese civilia ns who riskedall thatthey had by doing so. And Chin ese vetera ns of that war still warmly greet
11、those America n vetera ns who return to the sites where they fought to help liberate Chi na from occupati on.A differe ntkind of conn ecti on was made nearly 40 years ago whe nthe frost betwee n our coun tries bega n to thaw through the simple game of table tennis. The very unlikely nature of thisen
12、 gageme nt con tributed to its success - because for all ourdifferences,both our commorhumanity and our shared curiositywere revealed. As one America n player described his visit toChi na - "Thepeople are just like us The country is very similar to America, but still very differe nt."Of co
13、urse this small ope ning was followed by the achieveme nt of the Shan ghai Communiq ue, and the eve ntual establishme nt of formal relations between the United States and China in 1979.And in three decades, just look at how far we have come.In 1979, trade between the United States and China stood at
14、 roughly $5 billion - today it tops over $400 billion each year. The commerceaffects our people's lives in so manyways. America imports from China many of the computer parts we use, the clothes we wear; and we export to Chi na machi nery that helps power your industry.This trade could create eve
15、n more jobs onboth sides of the Pacific, while allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of life. And as demandbecomes more balaneed, it can lead to even broader prosperity.In 1979, the political cooperation between the United States and Chi na was rooted largely in our shared rivalry with the S
16、oviet Un io n. Today, we have a positive, con structive and comprehe nsive relati on ship that ope nsthe door to part nershipon the key global issues of our time - econo mic recovery and the development of clean energy; stopping the spread of nuclear weap ons and the scourge of climate cha nge; the
17、promoti on of peace and security in Asia and around the globe. All of these issues will be on the age nda tomorrow whe nl meet with Preside nt Hu.And in 1979, the connections among our people were limited.Today, we see the curiosity of those pin g-p ong playersmani fested in the ties that are being
18、forged across many sectors.The sec ond highest nu mber of foreig n stude nts in the Un itedStates come from China, and we've see n a 50 perce nt in creasein the study of Chinese amongour own students. There are nearly200 "friendship cities" drawing our communities together.America n an
19、d Chi nese scie ntists cooperate on new research and discovery. And of course, Yao Ming is just one sig nal of our shared love of basketball - rm only sorry that I won't be able to see a Shanghai Sharks game while I'm visiting.It is no coin cide nce that the relati on ship betwee n ourcountr
20、ies has accompanied a period of positive change. Chinahas lifted hundredsof millions ofpeople out of poverty - anaccomplishment unparalleled in human history - while playing a larger role in global events. And the United Stateshas seenour economy grow along with the standard of living enjoyed by our
21、 people, while br inging the Cold War to a successful con clusi on.There is a Chin ese proverb: "C on sider the past, and you shallknow the future." Surely, we have known setbacks and challenges over the last 30 years. Our relati on ship has not bee n without disagreement and difficulty. B
22、ut the notion that we must beadversaries is not predesti ned - not whe n wee on sider the past. In deed, because of our eooperati on, both the Un ited States and China are more prosperous and more secure. We have see n what is possible whenwe build upon our mutual interests,and engageon the basis of
23、 mutual respect.And yet the success of that en gageme nt depe nds uponun dersta nding - on susta ining an ope n dialogue, and lear ning about one ano ther and from one ano ther. For just as that America n table tennis player poin ted out - we share much in com mon as huma n bein gs, but our coun tri
24、es are differe nt in certa in ways.I believe that each country must chart its own course. Chinais an ancient nation, with a deeply rooted culture. The United States, by comparison, is a young nation, whose culture is determ ined by the many differe nt immigra nts who have come to our shores, and by
25、the founding docume nts that guide our democracy.Those docume nts put forward a simple visio n of huma n affairs, and they enshrine several core principles - that all men and womenare created equal, and possess certa in fun dame ntal rights; that gover nment should reflect the will of the people and
26、 resp ond to their wishes; that commerce should be ope n, in formati on freely accessible; and that laws, and not simply men, should guarantee the administration of justice.Of course, the story of our nation is not without its difficult chapters .In many ways - over many years - we have struggled to
27、 advanee the promise of these principles to all of our people, and to forge a more perfect union. Wefought a very painful civil war, and freed a portion of our population from slavery. It took time for womerto be extended the right to vote, workers to win the right to orga ni ze, and for immigra nts
28、 from differe nt corners of the globe to be fully embraced. Even after they were freed, Africa n America ns persevered through con diti ons that were separate and not equal, before winning full and equal rights.Noneof this was easy. But we madeprogress because of our belief in those core prin ciples
29、, which have served as our compass through the darkest of storms. That is why Lineoln could stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to see whether any nation, conceived in liberty, and "dedicated to the propositi on that all menare created equal" could long en dure. Th
30、at is why Dr. Martin Luther King could stand on the steps of the Lin col n Memorial and ask that our n ati on live out the true meaning of its creed. That's why immigrants from China to Kenya could find a home on our shores; why opport unity is availableto all who would work for it; and why some
31、 on elike me, who less than 50 years ago would have had trouble voti ng in some parts of America, is now able to serve as its Preside nt.And that is why America will always speak out for these coreprinciplesaround the world. Wedo not seek to impose any systemof gover nment on any other n ati on, but
32、 we also don't believe that the principlesthat we stand for are unique to our nation.These freedoms of expressi on and worship - of access to information and political participation - we believe are uni versal rights. They should be available to all people,including ethnic and religious minoriti
33、es - whether they arein the Un ited States, China, or anyn atio n. In deed, it is thatrespect for universal rights that guides America's openness to other countries; our respect for different cultures; our commitme nt to intern ati on al law; and our faith in the future.These are all things that
34、 you should know about America. I also know that we have much to learn aboutChina. Looking around atthis magnificent city - and looking around this room - I do believe that our n atio ns hold somethi ng importa nt in com mon, and that is a belief in the future. Neither the United Statesnor Chi na is
35、 content to rest on our achieveme nts. For whileChina is an ancient nation, you are also clearlylooking aheadwith con fide nee, ambiti on, and a commitme nt to see that tomorrow's gen eratio n can do better tha n today's.In additi on to your grow ing economy, we admire Chi na's extraord
36、inary commitme nt to scie nee and research - a commitment borne out in everything from the infrastructureyoubuild to the tech no logy you use. China is now the world's largest Internet user - which is why we were so pleased to in clude the In ter net as a part of today's eve nt. This country
37、 now has the world's largest mobile phone n etwork, and it is investing in the new forms of energy that can both sustain growth and combat climate change - and rm looking forward to deepe ning the part nership betwee n the Un ited States and China in this critical area tomorrow. But above all, I
38、 see Chi na's future in you - young people whose tale nt and dedicati on and dreams will do so much to help shape the 21st cen tury.I've said many times that I believe that our world is now fun dame ntally in terc onn ected. The jobs we do, the prosperity we build, the environment we protect
39、, the security that we seek -all of these thi ngs are shared. And give n that in terc onn ecti on, power in the 21st cen tury is no Ion ger azero-sum game; one coun try's success n eed not come at the expense of another. And that is why the United States insists we do not seek to con tai n Chin
40、a's rise. On the con trary, we welcome China as a strong and prosperous and successful member of the community of nations - a China that draws on the rights, strengths, and creativity of individual Chinese like you.To return to the proverb - consider the past. Weknow that more is to be gained wh
41、e n great powers cooperate tha n whe n they collide. That is a less on that huma n beings have lear ned time and aga in, and that is the example of the history betwee n our nations. And I believe strongly that cooperation must go beyond our government. It must be rooted in our people - in the studie
42、s we share, the bus in ess that we do, the kno wledge that we gain, and eve n in the sports that we play. And these bridges must be built by young menand womerjust like you and your counterparts in America.That's why rm pleased to announce that the United States will dramatically expa nd the nu
43、mber of our stude nts who study in China to 100,000. And these exchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people, as surely as you will help determine the destiny of the 21st century. And I'm absolutely con fide nt that America has no better ambassadors to offer tha n our young pe
44、ople. For they, just like you, are filled withtale nt and en ergy and optimism about the history that is yet to be writte n.So let this be the next step in the steady pursuit of cooperation that will serve our nations, and the world. And if there's one thing that we can take from today's dialogue, I hope that it is a commitment to continue this dialogue going forward.So thank you very much. And I look forward now to taking somequesti ons from all of you. Thank you very much. (Applause