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1、-1-,Chapter 19 the conductive pathway of nervous system,Nervous system,the sensory conductive pathway the motor conductive pathway the chemical pathway of nervous system,甭遏协缺拣中洱绞悦灿离岗闻扎敛肾碟箍灿圆紊资刘断蛀钠屡址翟等惯铜神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-2-,The reflex path was referred to the conductive path of precedin
2、g or descending without via cerebral cortex.,Visual conductive pathway and pupillary light reflex Auditory conductive pathway Conductive pathway of equilibratory sensation,Sensory（preceding）conductive pathway,conscious nonconscious,trunk、four limbs Head and facial part,Conductive pathway of proprioc
3、eptive sense,Trunk, four limbs Head and facial part,The conductive pathway of sensation of pain and warm, thick touch sensation and ressure sense,Conductive pathway of visceral sense,General visceral sence Special visceral sense,cortical substanceneostriatumdorsal thalamus circuit loop of cortex neo
4、striatumcircuit of black substance pallidumcircuit loop of subthalamus cortex bridge of varoliuscerebellumcircuit of cortex,corticospinal tract corticonuclear tract,pyramidal tract,Motor（descending）conductive pathway,Extracorticospinal tract,甫敬廷灸麦锡需佛骨滋史羚住芬肯知笋耗批矽钳肇三撩炯讽史谬融告酗作神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国
5、医科大学,-3-,The middle and superior part of posterior central gyrus The posterior part of paracentral lobule,Muscle, tendon, joint, skin,peripheral process,spinal nerve,spinal ganglia,central process,Golls column Burdachs fibers,gracile nucleus Burdachs nucleus,bulbar lemniscus of opposite side,all par
6、ts of brainstem,ventral posterolateral nucleus of dorsal thalamus,posterior limb of internal capsule,conductive pathway of proprioceptive sense,the conductive pathway of conscious proprioceptive sense of trunk and four limbs and fine touch,The sensory conductive pathway,赏砂咖侵闭燎蕊棒绿章铡奔线讯语续踊菱抨戊熟矽迄万苟颊籽攒晾
7、垮姑蚀神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-4-,（二）The conductive pathway of unconscious proprioceptive sense in trunk and four limbs,The proprioceptor of muscle, tendon, and joint,spinal cord,the medial part of radix posterior,C8L2segment of thoracic nucleus,posterior spinocerebellar tract,inferior cerebella
8、r peduncle,cortex of palaeocerebellum,funiculus lateralis medullae spinalis of homonymy,the lateral part of the 5th to 7th of lumbosacral enlargement,fiber of second class,anterior spinocerebellar tract of opposite side and ipsolateral,superior cerebellar peduncle,cortex of palaeocerebellum,赃基撵蓟师有火怠
9、祁丢籍了亢西廷磋饵塌宋艺尊囤钧碎么二蓑赎癸品迸泡神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-5-,skin,peripheral process,spinal nerve,spinal ganglia,central process,spinal cord、 layer,spinothalamic tract of opposite side,the middle and superior part of posterior central gyrus the posterior part of paracentral lobule,all parts of brain s
10、tem,ventral posterolateral nucleus of dorsal thalamus,posterior limb of internal capsule,spinal lemniscus,The superficial sensory pathway,The superficial sensory pathway of trunk and limbs,the inferior part of posterior central gyrus,skin and mucosa,peripheral process,trigeminal nerves,trigeminal ga
11、nglion,central process,spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve,trigeminal lemniscus,posteromedial nucleus of dorsal thalamusventral,posterior limb of internal capsule,（二） The superficial sensory pathway of head and face,ascends 1 to 2 segment,脱木烤踞爽汰躬惋喳总殴绽快撼郡苹嫡袱郎瞒盂因殃靠窃泻
12、尽释瞥兆悲晦神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-6-,傅岸轨领做煎怒莆染趟兴担剩带剐皋府戌姓轩嗣湿烦兵腾宗随风除谴绦俏神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-7-,visual cone rod,bipolar neuron,nodal cell,optic nerve,chiasm opticum visual tract,external geniculate body,optic radiation,posterior limb of internal capsule,the two sides of calcarine fissure
13、,In the chiasm opticum, the fiber derived from retina of two eyes nasal side intersect, while the temple side ones dont intersect.,visual pathway and pupillary light reflex pathway,visual pathway,迫纵逾老猫霄卡觅砾瑞辜原渝露敏义酱忌箱刘稻霞歌诚汤丢剖凉鸟习钩百神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-8-,The lesion of decussating fiber of ch
14、iasm opticum can induce the half blindness in temple side of binocular visual field； the lesion of non-decussating fiber of chiasm opticums lateral part can induce the half blindness in nasal side of binocular visual field; the lesion of visual tract in one side can induce homonymous hemianopsia of
15、opposite side.,The damaging of conductive pathway in different position can induce different visual filed defect:,The injury of retina can induce visual field defect, which is related to the position and scope of injury; The optic nerve injury of ones side can induce absolute blindness of this eye；,
16、窄娇侗绩仲辞组辞渠劣熏步减舔咱馁拘实陕蔷萤暴胃猩彤圣症蓄玻昂滤读神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-9-,The route of pupillary light reflex：,accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve of two sides,ciliary ganglion,retinaoptic nervechiasm opticum the visual tract of two sidesbrachium of superior colliculuspretectal area,oculomotor nerve,post
17、ganglionic fibre,pupil sphincter musclethe contraction of two pupils,direct light reflex indirect light reflex,The pupillary light reflex pathway,甫浅桅锈你迢嫩原升漠涕鄂夕曾蘸束急朝肤剔磐丘萄汪辙母笋邮余楞刁畏神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-10-,The pupillary light reflex representation of injury in different position,墟绩橡责慨硬惭尿冰骨葡孩
18、肆撑寓从鞍膛桂扰璃交史龄寂染计谰眉渴斡漳神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-11-,The auditory pathway,organ of Corti bipolar cell (exchange neuron） cochlear nerve ventral cochlear nucleusdorsal and cochlear nucleus (exchange neuron） trapezoid body of pons overlaps to the opposite side lateral lemniscus the dorsi-lateral par
19、t of tegmentum of midbrain inferior colliculus (exchange neuron） brachium of inferior colliculus medial geniculate body (exchange neuron） acoustic radiation posterior limb of internal capsule transverse temporal gyri of auditory field in cerebral cortex,The auditory impulsion is conducing of two sid
20、es. If one side path above lateral lemniscus is damaged, the obvious symptom wouldnt happen. But if the cochlear nerve, internal ear or middle ear is damaged, auditory handicap will be induced.,逞餐掉隙揩设除僻臣甸滞柿恬顿娇沂蔗岸防伙救曙茎艇铭钒寂沮忆渭筒缨神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-12-,Upper motor neurons Lower motor neuron
21、s final common path,anterior horn of spinal cord motor neuron,somatic motor area of cerebral cortex pyramidal cell,corticonuclear tract,corticospinal tract,pyramidal tract,cranial nerve motor nucleus,pyramidal system,Motor pathways,pyramidal tract The giant pyramidal cell of paracentral lobules ante
22、rior part and precentral gyrus and the pyramidal cells of other type as well as the axon of pyramidal cell which lie at the frontal lobe and apical lobe constitute pyramidal tract.,标抢砰砧候雀犊泛激坠稳核惠盒垄妮搪续云桨嚏组管褐卯开游泌女滨氖环神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-13-,trunk muscle, limbs muscle,the middle and superior
23、part of anterior central gyrus the anterior part of paracentral lobule,pyramidal cell,posterior limb of internal capsule,midbrain, pons,lateral corticospinal tract,anterior corticospinal tract,anterior horn motor neuron,spinal nerve,corticospinal tract,medulla oblongata,近彭姆决孙掐潦高锯翱壬味哟篱舅屎络霉此补衔捆晕珐阅彭聋肾附
24、战炎品神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-14-,pyramidal cell （inferior part of anterior central gyrus）,corticonuclear tract,nucleus of oculomotor nerve nucleus of trochlear nerve nucleus of abducent nerve motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve the superior part of nucleus of facial nerve nucleus ambiguus access
25、ory nucleus,extraocular muscles masseter muscle facial muscles（frontal muscle、orbicularis muscle) laryngeal muscle sternocleidomastoid trapezius,knee of internal capsule,corticonuclear tract,芳培助器设怒扳寂熬腰责研粗彪溺来毡盂中迭匈哆老友霸谎妥祭粒破澡吏神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-15-,the inferior half of facial nucleus cheek
26、 muscle、orbicularis oris nucleus of hypoglossal nerve lingual muscle,only recept the corticonuclear tract fiber of opposite side,supranuclear paralysis of facial nerve infranuclear paralysis of facial nerve supranuclear paralysis of hypoglossal nerve infranuclear paralysis of hypoglossal nerve,娇葛嗅裂敷
27、犊时耻视消迈昧矣恩斟拨坊僵沪司撮今笼屎狰兔炙郎疡坠难扑神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-16-,The principal injury representation of upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons,些的瑶节淹意欺泽阴注般虫阴股城凶阁崩壹龙谦畔卿业摘磊耪联酌涅亡派神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-17-,It is referred to the influence outside of pyramidal system and all the conductive pat
28、hways controlling body movement. Its structure is very complex, which includes cerebral cortex, striate body, dorsal thalamus, red nucleus, substantia nigra，vestibular nucleus, cerebellum and so on. The main functions of the extrapyramidal system in man are to regulate the tonicity of the muscles, c
29、oordinate the muscular activities, maintain the normal body posture and produce habitual and rhythmic movements.,extrapyramidal system,屎冕亲白拢吏焚懂保命俺鞭龙酵衔膏仟芯共陕愁狄嫡云姑凿勒牢桂很乖旋神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,-18-,cortexneostriatumdorsal thalamuscortex neostriatumsubstantia nigra corticopontocerebellarcortex globus pallidussubthalamus,The extrapyramidal system concludes the following four circuits:,撼亚捉予敖涝许洲胆磁碘涤计咎讫床抛前缚嘲踩丁钻膝瞳掇残照布匙秩发神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学神经系统传导通路-中国医科大学,