选择时态要根据题干定格时间.docx

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1、选择时态要根据题干定格时间动词时态语态是高考考查的重点,也是整个英语语言体 系 中的主干知识。由于汉语里动词没有时态的变化,因此, 学习 和掌握英语,就要建立时态 “感觉。不管汉语里说不说 “过 去,现在和将来,使用英语时,动词的时间背景是什么, 我 们要不断体味。例如: Uh, this is your first time to the city , right ? Yeah. How did you know ?这是你第一次到城里来,对吗? 没错,你怎么知道的?答复中“ How did you kn ow ? 使用的是一般过去时。这 样的表达,用汉语是难以表达的,学习时要特别留心积累。动

2、词的时态,在时间上涉及过去、过去将来、现在和将来; 在形态上有一般、进行、完成和完成进行,因此,时态 总共有 十六个。答复动词时态、语态题目时,要根据题干, 捕捉动作 的时间背景,这是选准时态的前提和关键。一、判断时态找时间,不要被“for “ alrea和dy “ yet等词所迷惑例如: Has your father returned from Africa yet ? Yes, but he_ here for only three days before hiscompany sent him to Australia.A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. wou

3、ld be很多同学一看到答复中 “? heref or only three days 就马 上选了 B ,用动词的现在完成时。但是后半句 “? before his company sent him to Australi a. 中的“ sent 显然就告诉我们 这是过去的时间背景, 整句话“他在这呆了三天之后就被公 司派往了澳大利亚,这说明他现在不在这里。 因此,此题 是不能选择现在完成时的, 应中选择 A. 之所以出现这样的错 误,是同学们一看到 “for 就认为它是现在完成时的标志。 其实, for 表示一个时间段,过去、现在和将来都可用。同样的道理,遇到副词 already , ye

4、t 等也要根据句子的 语 境做具体分析。很多情况下, already ,yet 都用在了完成时,因 为它们会配合语句时间,表达 “已经,还 ? ? ,例如:We have n t met our new neighbors yet , so we don ' t know their names.但也不要认为一有这些词就一定选完成时态,例如:You already told me yesterday that he would not give up another trying.了解了这一点,你再做一做下面两个题:_ in London for many years ,but I v

5、e never regretted my final decision to move back to China.A. livedB. was livingC. have livedD. had livedcousin went to Canada two years there for a fewmonths and then went to America.workbe workingD. has been working二、捕捉时间找 “两处:即题干给定的时间和动 词的时态题干假设给出了具体的时间,时态选择相对明显;如果没有, 就要留意不设空动词的时态,它也能给出待选时态的时 间背景例

6、一: I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago.A. are goingB. had beenC. wentD. have been题干中前半句 “know般现在时; 后半句出现“ seevral years ago ,明显的表示过去的时间,所以选择一般 过去时“ went,答案C.此题很多同学都顺着中文“去过;而误选了“ D. have been ,是没有掌握好语句中出现了具体过去时间这一 关键。例二: The young girl sitting next to me on the

7、plane was very nervous. She before.A. hasn t flownB. didn t flyC. hadn t flownD. wasn t flying题干中前半句“ was ,一般过去时;后半句最后出现“ before 说明是在过去之过去,前半句的 “ was 给出了 选择过去完成时的时间背景,因此选择 C.例三: I got caught in the rain and my suit _ .A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruinedD. had been ruined题干中前半句 “got caught ,

8、一般过去时;由 and 连接was后半句没有出现具体的时间,如果与前半句并列,需要用ruined ,但题项没有给。一般地说,如果没有明确的时间, 应当默认为现在,因此,要选择 C.意思是 “我赶上雨了,衣 服全给毁了。还需要指出的是,由并列连词连接的两个简单句,时态 不 一致,这很正常。又如: I was a college student , but now I am a teacher. 我以 前是大学生,现在是老师。例四: -Tom , you didn t come to the party last night ?I _ , but I suddenly remembered I h

9、ad homework todo.A. had toB. didn tC. was going toD. wouldn t题干上句 “ last night和下句后半局部“remembered 都提示是过去时间背景,应该选择 “昨天我 是打算去,因此选择 C.例五: By the time you get back , great changes _ in this area.take place be taken place going to take place have taken place题干 “ By the time you get back ,是 “到你回来时 这里因为是时间状

10、语从句,将来时用一般时代替,因此后半句的 时 间应当使“将已经,应选择 D.动词时态语态每年必考,同时,在书面表达中,同学们 也 会遇到判断时态,将语篇动词时态表达准确的问题。 因此,要 格外关注动词时态语态的练习,并积累好答题方法和典型 的错 题。下面,请你再做 5 个题目,看看是否掌握了捕捉时态时 间 的方法1. It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. Oh, don t mention it. I past your houseanyway.A. was comingB. will comeC. had comeD.

11、have come2. When I called you this morning , nobody answered thephone. Where ?A. did you goB. have you goneC. were youD. had you beenhouse belongs to my aunt but she here any more.A. hasn t livedB. didn t liveC. hadn t livedD. doesn t liveand gentlemen , please fasten your seat belts. The planeA. takes offB. is taking offC. has taken offD. took ofwas giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I to half a dozen other groups.A. was givingB. am givingC. had given

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