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1、2009年高考英语第二轮热点专题复习连词与介词 概述 连词不能独立承担句子成分而只起到连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore等。从属连词则经常用在复合句中，用来连接主句和从句；如：who, what, how, when, where,等。介词是最为活跃的词类之一。通常总是与其它词类同时考查。如：可与名词构成介词短语、与动词构成动词短语等。介词考查不仅在选择题中出现，在完形填空题和短文改错题中也不断出现，且每年必考。因此，在平时的积累中，不容忽视以
2、下介词的准确含义及用法：at, as, to, by, on, in, of, with, like, along, for, over, up, through, across, except, but, besides, beside, near等。热点 常见介词的准确含义1、常见介词by的用法。介词by含义较丰富，主要有：靠，凭借，在旁边等含义。可有by oneself单独，靠自己；by and by不久以后，不一会儿，连续不断地，立刻；by and large总的说来。典例1No one helped me.I did it all_myself.(2005·全国卷)A.fo
3、r B.by C.from D.to解析 B 考查介词by的用法。搭配by oneself表示“单独，靠自己”。而for oneself有“为自己”的意思，不合句意。2、常见介词with引导的复合结构。with的复合结构，也叫with引导的独立主格结构。由with（也可省略）+名词/代词+现在或过去分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语或副词构成。它相当于一个状语从句，表示行为方式/伴随状况/时间/原因或条件。如：He lay on his back,his hands crossed under his head.他双手交叉放在脑后，仰躺着。典例2_two exams to worry about,
4、I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004·北京卷)A. With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of解析 A 由句子结构看出，第一空须填入介词，构成介词+宾语+to do的形式，只有with有此用法，由此可知选A。3、常见表示时间的on的用法。与时间搭配的介词须注意：在具体某星期几及具体某天的上午、下午和晚上等都用介词on。典例3The accident is reported to have occurred_the first Sunday in February,(2004·上海卷)A.at
5、 B. on C.in D.to解析 B 考查介词的用法。表示具体某一天的时间时，用on。2 / 134、常见介词as的用法。as作为介词，可表示“充当，作为，如同”。如：She works as a secretary.她担任秘书工作。As a student,its bad manners to come late to school.作为一个学生，上课迟到是坏习惯。典例4I feel that one of my main duties_a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.(2004·广东卷)A
6、.for B.by C.as D.with解析 C 考查介词as的用法。本句句意为：我认为作为一名教师，我的主要任务之一就是帮助学生学会学习。5、常见over的用法。介词over有“在之上，过之，多于”意思。典例5 You cant wear a blue jacket_that shirt; itll look terrible.(2004·湖南卷)A. on B. above C. up D. over解析D 考查介词over 的用法。根据名意可知，此处强调全面覆盖，所以用over，即表示蓝色上衣罩在那件衬衫上。而on表示在硬性物体的表面上；above表示在物体的斜上方；up作介
7、词时，意为“沿而上”。重点1 常用的几组并列连词1、and组表示联合关系。属于这一组的并列连词还有：bothand,not onlybut also,as well as,neithernor等。如：Lets go and play basketball.我们去打篮球吧。2.but组表示转折和对照关系。属于这一组的并列连词还有：however, still, yet ,while, nevertheless。如：He hasnt arrived. He may, however, come later.他还未到，不过，他可能过一会儿来。3、or组 表示选择关系。属于这一组的并列连词还有：or
8、else,otherwise,neithernor,eitheror等。如：Well go early,otherwise we may not get a seat.我们得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。4、so组 表示因果关系的连接词还有：so(that),for, therefore, thus, then等。如：He has broken his leg and therefore he cant walk.他摔伤了腿，因此不能走路。典例She was very tired,_ she kept on working.A. or B. so C. and D. nevertheless解析
9、 D 考查并列连词。根据句意：她虽然很疲倦，可仍在继续工作。表示转折关系，而nevertheless有“然而、不过”的意思。重点2 使用介词时应注意的几点1、表示时间时不用介词的情况：（1）表示时间的词前有one/any/each/every/some/all/this/that等时。如：One Staturday my mother and I were sitting together.某星期六，母亲和我坐在了一起。They meet every Sunday.他们每星期日见面。（2）表示时间的词前有tomorrow/yesterday/the day before/the day aft
10、er等时。如：She has to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨她得很早起床。（3）当以现在为起点，谈论last和next时，last和next前不用介词。如：Theyre meeting next Wednesday.他们下个星期三见面。2、几组常用介词的用法区别：（1）in与at一般小地方用at,大地方用in。典例1He arrived_Beijing on Wednesday.A.in B.on C.at D.for解析A 句中Beijing侧重强调大的地方，故用in。（2）in 与on表一般时间用in,表具体时间用on。典例2He usually
11、 stays at home_Sunday morning.A.in B. on C.at D.for解析 B 因为Sunday morning表示具体时间范围，故选B（3）besides与except besides表示“除外（还有）”；except表示“（只有）除外”；except for“除了”，表示部分地修正主体，引导短语；except that引导从句。典例3_Mr.Wang,we also went to see the film.A.Besides B.Except C.Except for D.Except that解析 A 本句also的暗示很重要，说明“王先生也去了”。A项
12、正合句意。（4）in,to与on 表示在某范围之内用in;表示在某范围之外用to;表示“相邻，接壤”时用on.典例4Mongolia lies_north of China.A. in B.to C.on D.at解析 C 根据常识：蒙古国与我国华北接壤，表示“相邻，扫壤”时用on。难点 使用连词时应注意的问题1、though/although不能与but同时连用，但可以与yet连用。典例1Though they are so poor ,_they have enough to eat.A. so B. and C. but D. yet解析 Dthough的搭配考查。本句是由though引
13、导，故不能与but同时连用，但可以与yet连用。故选D。2、because 与so不能同时连用。the reason whyis后通常用that而不用because.典例2The reason why she is fat is_she overeats.A. that B.so C.why D.because解析 A the reason whyis后通常用that而不用because引导表语从句。3、注意并列连词连接的必须是平行的词、词组、短语或分句。如：他不但在意大利闻名，而且在美国也很出名。误：He is not only famous in Italy but also in Ame
14、rica.正：He is famous not only in Italy but also in America.4、注意某些动词后的连词。（1）siscuss后一般不跟连词if所引导的从句。We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们在讨论是否该关店。（2）doubt后连词的用法 ：一般在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后习惯跟that引导的从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面习惯跟whether或if引导的从句。如：I dont doubt that you are honest.我不怀疑你的诚实。I doubt whether/if what
15、 he said just now is true.我怀疑他刚说的是否对。5、whether与if的区别：（1）表示“如果”时，只能用if。If he goes, I will go,too.如果他去，我也去。（2）两者皆表示“是否”时，注意，注意以下几点区别：在动词引导的宾语从句后，两者均可使用。I dont know whether /if he will come.但是从句后有or not或者or 时只能用whether。I dont know whether he will come or not.在介词引导的宾语从句后只能用whether。在主语从句、表语从句、同谓语从句中只能用wh
16、ether。Whether he will come is not yet known.他会不会来还不知道。在不定式前只能用whether。I cant decide whether to go or not.我没有决定是否去。典例3 What I want to know is _he will come.A.that B.不填 C.whether D.if解析 C 考查表语从句中whether与if的区别使用。在主语从句、表语从句、同谓语从句中只能用whether。自我检测1.Mr. Anderson starts to work very clearly in the morning a
17、nd goes on working until late in the afternoon_a break at midday.A.with B.for C.as D.through2._the morning of that Saturday,My mother together with me visited my father in prison.A.In B.On C.At D.To3.The study you have been making_the ancient Characters is an instructive job.A. to B. of C. for D. fr
18、om4.Whats your favorite sport?Jogging. I always run_the river every morning .A. around B. on C. along D. in5.We need fifty more people_our team to do the job.A. but B. as well C. except D. besides6. The question of _shell come back home will be setted.A.if B.whether C.when D.what7.The last time we h
19、ad a family reunion was_my brothers wedding ceremony four years ago.8. Finding a position in such a big company has always been_his wildest dreams.9.Between 1975 and 1977,the number of overseas visitors increased_27%.A. by B. for C.to D.in10.Child_she was ,she could do housework for her mother.A.tho
20、ugh B.althogh C.for D.because11.Does John know any other foreign languages_French?A.except B.but C.besides D.beside12._does he have to type out the answer on a computer,_he gets the computer to translate it into sounds.A. Not only;but also B.Either;orC.Both ;and D.as well as;but13.When we design a b
21、uilding,we should provide an entrance suitable for wheelchair on the passage,_lifts,suitable bathrooms and toilets.A. except B.as well C.as well as D.but14.Were stories passed on from one person to another? Many of the country people could_read_write.A. both; and B. either; orC. neither; nor D. not
22、only; but also15.Would you like to come to dinner tonight?Id love to,_Im too busy.A.and B.so C.as D.but 答案与解析1、A 介考查介词with结构。即with a break at midday是由“with+宾语+介词短语充当宾补”，在句中作状语。2、B 强调具体的那个星期六早上。表示在具体某星期几及具体某天上午、下午和晚上等都用介词on。3、B 考查介词的准确含义。根据句子结构可知you have been making_the ancient Chinese characters作定语修
23、饰the study,由此可以推导：主语the study作making的逻辑宾语，构成make the study of 搭配，相当于动词study,因此此空应选of.4、C 考查介词的准确含义。第二句：我每天早晨沿着河边慢跑。Jogging意即“慢跑”。介词along表示“沿着”。其它不合句意。5、D besides表“除外，还有”； except表“只有除外”意同but ;as well也。6、B 根据句子意思“她回不回家这一问题将会解决”可排除C、D；又因whether引导的宾语从句可位于句首，if则不可，故选B。7、B at ones wedding ceremony在婚礼。8、D beyond超出；为不及。9、A表示增加或减少常用介词by;to表示增加或减少到。10、A though引导的让步状语从句除了用陈述句语序外，也可用倒装语序。而although不可用于此句型。11、C ant other已暗示John了解French.12 、A not only引导的句子放于句首，要部分倒装，but also部分倒装。13、C并列连词as well as 表示“也、一样”的意思。14、D 并列连词not only but also表示“不但而且”。15、D 第二空表示“我想去，但我很忙”。表示转折含义。 -温馨提示：如不慎侵犯了您的权益，可联系文库删除处理，感谢您的关注！