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1、Unit 6 Our Local AreaTopic1Is there a sofa in your study?一、学习目标1、掌握单词和重点词组2、掌握 there be 的各种形式及用法3、能熟练用英语描写房间、家庭、学校等建筑4、熟练掌握方位介词 in, on, behind, under, near, next to, in front of二、重点词组On the first floor 美式英语一楼 floor 地板，此处指 “楼房的层 ”。英式英语用 the ground floor 表示一楼1. Why not =Why don 't 复yo习u 其他提建议的方式2.
2、 Go upstairs上楼 Go downstairs下楼3. A moment later 一会以后4. You have a nice study。study名词：书房动词：学习与 learn 的区别5.In the front of the house 在屋子（里面的）前面 In front of the house 在屋 子（外面的）前面6. Talk about谈论 talk with sb.和某人谈论7. Put them away 把他们收拾好8. Look after = take care of 照顾，看管9.In the tree （非树本身的东西）在树上 On the
3、tree（树本身的东西 ）10.On the river 浮在水面上 over the river 在河上（悬空）11.On the wall 在墙上 in the wall 在墙里12. Get a letter from sb= hear from sb注意 hear from 宾语是人不是信， her of 听说某人 （物），hear 听到，听见，侧重听的结果。常用 hear sb doing sth/do sth13. Tell sb about sthTell sb to do sthTell sb sth14. want sb to do sth/want to do sth三、语
4、法知识： There be 句型的用法There be 句型是英语中常见的特殊句型，用以表示某物某事存在或不存 在。句中的 there 只起引导作用，并无实际意义，句子的真正主语是谓语动词 be 后面的名词。1、在 there be 句型中,谓语动词 be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一 致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一 致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. There are two boys and a girl
5、under the tree.2、There be句型与 have 的区别：There be句型和 have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下： There be表示“某处存 在某物或某人 ”； have表示“某人拥有某物 /某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 eg. He has two sons. There are two men in the office.当 have表示“包括”、 “存在”的含义时， There be句型与其可互换。eg.A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.3、否定句There be句型的否定式的构成和
6、含有 be 动词的其它句型一样，在 be 后加 上 not 或 no 即可。注意 not 和 no 的不同： not 是副词， no 为形容词， not a/an/any + n.相当于no+ n.。例如：Therearesomepicturesonthewall. Therearen'tanypicturesonthewall.=Therearenopic tures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree. Thereisn'ta bike behind the tree. =Thereis nobike behindthe
7、tree.4、特殊疑问句There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 "Who's+ 介词短语 ?" ；当主语是物时， 用"What's + 介词短语 ?" 。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问 时一般都用 be 的单数形式 （回答时却要根据实际情况来决定 ）。如：There are many things over there. What's over there?There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 对地
8、点状语提问：提问地点当然用 "Where is / are+主语 ?" 啦！例如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer?There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：How many+复数名词 +are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词 +is there+介词短语？used to 表示过去常常做某事 .例句 : I used to play footbal
9、l after school.过去我常常在放学后踢球 .be used to do的意思是被用来做某事 ;be used to doing的意思是习惯于做某 事.used to + do： "过去常常 "表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存 在。Mother used not to be so forgetful.Scarf used to take a walk. 过（ 去常常散步 ）be used to + doing：对已感到习惯，或 "习惯于"，to 是介词，后需加名词 或动名词。He is used to a vegetarian diet
10、.Scarf is used to taking a walk.现（ 在习惯于散步 ）Topic 2 What ' s your home like?重点语法： There be 句型 There be 句型的否定句 There be 句型的疑问句 There be 句型的就近原则 There be 句型的反意疑问句 There be 句型与 have/has 的区分重点短语：be like / an apartment building/ a town house /in the surburbs/on the street corner/ rent a house with fur
11、niture to others / keep money重点句型： What ' s your home like? What ' s the matter? I hear you playing the piano. I can 't hre yaou ,the line is bad. I ' ll get someone tocheck it right now . The traffic is heavy and the cost of living is high. There are many old people and many familie
12、s with young children living there .点拨： What' s your home like?Like动词“喜欢”，介词“像”。 be like像和 look like 看起来像。 be like主要用 来询问人的性格、外貌和事物特征。 Look like 主要用来询问外貌。 for rent 出租。 wanted 求租 .rent sth to sb 把某物租给某人 rent sth from sb 从某人处租某物。 call sb at号码。请打 电话与某人联系。I hear you playing the piano.hear sb doing s
13、th 听见某人正在做某事（强调动作进行）hear sb do sth （强调全过程 ） Many shops and restaurants are close to my home .be close to离近。 close与 near 都有“靠近”的意思，但 close比 near更 近。Topic 3 Which is the way to the post office?重点语法：祈使句 肯定、否定形式。 特例。重点短语：aticketforspeeding 超速罚单 attheendoftheroad 在路的尽头 goacross走过 turn left/right 向左转/向右转
14、on the corner of 在。转角 /拐弯处 across from 在。对面 between and在。之间 take the No. 718 bus乘坐 718 路公 共汽车 change to变成 noparking 禁止停车 gethurt 受伤 obeythetrafficrules 遵守 交通规则 keepontherightoftheroad 保持在路的右边 atthefootof 在。的脚下 holdsthinone ' sh抓an住d某人的手重点句型：一问路语 Where is ? Is there a near here? Which is the way
15、to? How can I get to? Could you tell me the way to?二指路 Go along/down this road until Turn left at the first turning Take the first turning on the left. Go straight ahead and you will see It ' s about 15 kmiloetres away from here.Thank you all the same . Thanks anyway.四You can't miss it.五You
16、need to take bus No.718 六 How far is it from here?七 Everybody must be careful and obey the traffic.八 We must stop and look both ways before we cross the road. 语法讲解： 祈使句：表示请求、命令、禁止、劝告或建议的句子，特点是省略了主语。祈使句无主语 ,主语 youxx 省去 ;动词原形谓语当 ,句首加 don't 否定变 ;朗读应当用降调 ,句末常标感叹号。肯定结构 :1. Do型（即:动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分 ）。如:Pl
17、ease have a seat here请. 这边 坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下 ,动词可省略。如 :This way, please. = Go this way, please.请这边走。2. Be型（即:Be +表语（名词或形容词 ）+其它成分 ）。如:Be a good boy!要做一个 好孩子!3. Let型（即:Let +宾语+动词原形 +其它成分 ）。如:Let me help you.让我来帮 你。否定结构 :1. Do 型和 Be型的否定式都是在句首加 don't 构成。如 :Don't forget me! 不要 忘记我 !Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到 !2. Let型的否定式有两种 : “Don't + let宾 +语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let 宾+ 语+ not +动词原形 +其它成分 ”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。:Nosmoking!禁止吸3. 有些可用 no 开头 ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句 烟 !Nofishing!禁止钓鱼 !