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1、8 隔热、隔声玻璃棉 glass woo1岩棉 rock wool聚氨酯；聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane泡沫玻璃 foam glass; cellular glass沥青 asphalt油毛毡asphalt felt镀锌铁丝 galvanized wire镀锌铁丝网 galvanized wire mesh石棉板asbestos board石棉布asbastos cloth石棉织品 asbestos fabric管壳 shell棉毡 blanket硅酸钙calcium silicate硅酸铝纤维aluminosilicate fiber珍珠岩perlite泡沫混凝土foamed conc
2、rete; cellular concrete蛭石 vermiculite矿(渣)棉mineral wool保温块insulation block硅藻土kieselguhr; diatomite; diatomaceous earth碳酸镁magnesium carbonate软木 cork wood泡沫聚苯乙烯cellular polystyrene; foam polystyrene硬泡沫橡胶rigid foam rubber填颖材料caulking material玛帝脂保护层mastic weatherproof coating水泥抹面finishing cement金属保护层clad
3、; metal jacketing; cladding metal玻璃布 glass (fiber) cloth镀锌铁皮 galvanized (sheet) iron; galvanized plain sheet铝板 alaminium sheet油毛毡；沥青毡asphalt felt发毡 hair felt发泡 foaming导热系数 thermal conductivity factor隔热；融热层insulation保温 hot insulation保冷 cold insulation人身保护 personal protection隔声 sound insulation防结露 ant
4、i-sweat8防冻 winterizing线规 wire gage伯明翰线规Birmingham wire gage (BWG)美国线规 American wire gage (AWG)支承环 support ring环箍 circumferential band钢环 steel ring吸声 sound-absorbing分贝 Decibel声源sound source声强sound intensity声压值sound pressure level噪声值noise level; sound level9 防腐、涂漆及腐蚀种类防腐漆anti-corrosive paint; rush-pro
5、of paint涂漆 painting涂层；覆盖层coating底漆primary coat; bottom coat面漆finishing coat清漆 varnish瓷漆 enamel防锈漆antirust paint醇酸瓷漆 alkyd enamel酚醛漆phenolic paint沥青漆bituminous paint聚氨酯漆polyurethane paint有机硅漆organic silicon paint漆酚树脂漆urushiol resin paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint过氯乙烯漆ethylene perchloride paint无机富锌漆inorga
6、nic zinc-rich paint耐酸漆acid-proof paint耐碱漆alkali-proof paint耐热漆heat-proof paint测温漆thermo-paint颜色 colour (color)淡(浅)色的；轻的 light深色的dark红色的red蓝色的blue黄色的yellow绿色的green紫色的 purple棕色的；褐色的 brown橙色的orange colour灰色的grey (gray)表面处理surface preparation阴极保护cathodic protection耐蚀性corrosion resistance腐蚀 corrosion点蚀 p
7、itting缝隙腐蚀crevice corrosion晶间腐蚀intergranular corrosion电化腐蚀electro corrosion接触腐蚀contact corrosion气蚀 cavitation erosion应力腐蚀stress corrosion气相腐蚀gaseous corrosion氢脆 hydrogen embrittlement10 焊接 Welding10.1 焊接种类 Varieties of Welding电弧焊arc welding电熔焊electric fusion welding (EFW)气熔焊fusion gas welding (FGW)电
8、阻焊electric resistance welding(ERW)有保护的金属电弧焊shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)手工或自动隋性气体保护钨极电弧焊manual and automatic inert gastungsten arc welding (GTAW)自动埋弧焊automatic submerged arc welding金属极隋性气体保护电弧焊gas metal arc weiding (GMAW)氩弧焊 argon-arc welding ，气体保护电弧焊gas-shielded arc welding气焊 gas welding; flame
9、 welding等离子焊 plasma welding硬钎焊braze welding电渣焊electroslag welding爆炸焊explosive welding10.2 焊接形式 Type of Welding角焊 fillet welding间断焊 intermittent welding点焊spot welding对焊butt welding搭焊 lap welding塞焊 plug welding珠焊 bead welding槽焊 slot welding堆焊 build up welding垫板焊 backing weld坡口 grooveV 形坡口V groove单面U 形
10、坡口single U grooveK 形坡口double bevel grooveX 形坡口double V groove双面U 形坡口double U grooveU-V 组合坡口 combination U and V groove根部间隙 root gap焊接符号 symbol of weld错边量alignment tolerance10.3 焊接位置 Welding Position仰焊 overhead welding现场焊field weld (F.W.)封底焊back run welding立焊 vertical welding平焊 flat welding工厂(车间)焊接sh
11、op weld定位焊 tack weld跳焊 skip welding节距 pitch10.4 焊接缺陷 Defects of Welding焊接裂纹weld crack根部裂纹root crack微裂纹 micro crack错位 mismatch弧坑 pit; crater焊穿burn through夹渣slag inclusion咬边；咬肉 undercut焊瘤 overlap气孔 porosity, blow hole砂眼 blister针孔 pin hole严重飞溅 excessive spatter未溶合 incomplete fusion; lack of fusion根部未焊透
12、incomplete penetration10.5 其它母材；基层金属 base metal预热 preheating热影响区 heat affected zone (HAZ)焊条 welding electrode (rod)焊丝 welding wire焊药(剂) flux11 热处理 Heat Treatment11.1 普通热处理Conventional Heat Treatment退火 annealing局部退火spot annealing中间退火process annealing球化退火spheroids annealing等温退火isothermal annealing极软退火
13、dead-soft annealing回水 tempering正火 normalizing淬火 quenching水淬火water quenching油淬火oil quenching等温淬火isothermal quenching断续淬火slack quenching高温淬火hot quenching水冷淬火cold quenching调质 quenching and tempering消除应力stress relief时效处理ageing treatment可淬性hardenability过热敏感性superheated susceptivity回火脆性temper brittleness1
14、1.2 表面热处理Surface Heat Treatment火焰表面淬火flame surface quenching感应(高频)硬化 induction hardening渗碳 carbonization渗氮 nitridation渗铬 chromizing渗铝 aluminizing12 检验及试验12.1 检验 Inspection焊接检验welding inspection无损检验non-destructive testing (NDT)肉眼检验；外观检验visual inspection着色渗透检验dye penetrant inspection液体渗透检验liquid penet
15、rant test (PT)X射线照相 X-ray radiography丫 射线照相 gamma radiography射线检验radiographic test (RT)涡流探伤eddy current test (ET)超声波探伤ultrasonic test (UT)磁粉探伤magnetic particle test (MT)荧光渗透检验fluorescent penetrant inspection12.2 试验 Test压力试验pressure test水压试验hydraulic test气压试验pneumatic test气密试验air tightness test泄漏试验leak test卤气泄漏试验halogen gas leak test盛水试验full water test真空试验vacuum test拉伸试验tension test弯曲试验bending test冲击试验impact test硬度试验hardness test疲劳试验fatigue test压扁试验flattening test扩口试验flaring test金相试验microscopic test腐蚀试验corrosion test焊接工艺评定试验welding procedure qualification test