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1、 Un it 1 Great scie ntists I 阅读理解 A （2018 广西重点高中二模 ） People love cellph on es, which is why nine ten America ns own one. But does heavy use of cellph ones pose a risk of cancer? This questi on has caused con troversy for many years. A new study in rats now augme nts those concern s. Its data lin ked
2、 Ion g-term, intense exposure to radiatio n from cellph ones with an in creased risk of cancer in the heart or brai n. The results have yet to be con firmed, the authors no te. In deed, although the rat study found a link betwee n cellph one radiati on and can cer, it offers no clues to why such a l
3、ink might exist, no tes Jon atha n Samet. He teaches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Still, he calls the new studys findings “significant ” . They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiati on mig
4、ht cause cancer, he says. Phone sig nals are relayed betwee n cell towers and cellpho nes via radio waves. This radio freque ncy or RF radiati on is a type known as non-i onizing（ 非电离的）. Un like X-rays, non-i onizing radiatio n does not deposit eno ugh en ergy into cells to release electr ons from a
5、toms or molecules, produci ng ions. So it tends to be far less harmful tha n ionizing radiati on, such as X-rays. But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm. In very large doses （ 量）this radiati on will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But its not yet known what much lower RF leve
6、ls might do, such as those from cellpho ne use. Five years ago, the World Health Orga ni zati ons Intern ati onal Age ncy for Research on Can cer, or IARC, con cluded that cellph one use “ is possibly carcinogenic （ 致癌的）” . Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that
7、time. But notice that IARC was not certain. It said only that phone use might “possibly ” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, in vestigated further. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机， 90%勺美国人都有手机。那么， 过度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？ 一项新的研究给出了一些线索。 【难句分析】 In deed, although the rat study fo
8、und a link betwee n cellph one radiati on and can cer, it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, no tes Jon atha n Samet. 分析：本句为复合句。 although 引导让步状语从句。 why such a link might exist 为 why 引导的宾语从句，作介词 to 的宾语。 译文：Jon athan Samet 指出，事实上，尽管在老鼠身上进行的研究发现手机辐射和癌 症之间有联系，但却没有提供线索表明这种联系为什么可能存在。 1. Which
9、 of the following can replace the underlined word “augments” ? A. figures out B . puts out C. refers to D . adds to 答案与解析：D 考查词义猜测。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一 问题 多年来引发 的争议不断 ，再根据画 线词后的 “concerns ”和 “Its data linked Ion g-term, intense exposure t o radiatio n from cellph ones with an in creased risk of c
10、ancer in the heart or brain ”可知，现在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。 故画线词与adds to 意义相近。 2. In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant? 2 A. It assists him with his teaching. B. It in dicates a new research direct ion. C. It warns people to mind cellphone safety. D. It makes a
11、breakthrough in cancer research. 答案与解析： B 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的They could lead to studies research ing how cellph one radiati on might cause cancer, he says ”可知，这项研究 会促使科学家去查明手机辐射可能是怎样致癌的， 也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究 方向。 3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How phone signals are delivered. B. How cellphones prod
12、uce radiation. C. Features of radiati on from cellph on es. D. Differen ces betwee n ionizing and non-io nizing radiati on. 答案与解析：C 考查主旨要义。根据第三段的内容尤其是non-ionizing radiation does not deposit eno ugh en ergy into cells to release electr ons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be fa
13、r less harmful than ionizing radiatio n. ”可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点， 它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电 离辐射。 4. What might be the theme of NTP scientists further research? A. Why cellphone use causes cancer. B. Whether cellphone use really causes cancer. C. What health effects cellphone use has. D. How much exposure to cellph
14、o ne radiati on is safe. 答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的It said only that phone use might possibly cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further ”可知，NTP 的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的会 导致癌症。 B (2018 济南模拟) A European Union program is letting blind people experience fam
15、ous paintings for the first time. It uses three-dime nsi on al (3-D) printing to recreate famous pain ti ngs so they can be touched. One pain ti ng prin ted with the new tech no logy is Gustav Klimts “ The Kiss ” . It is a popular attract ion at the Belvedere Museu min Vienna, Austria. The pain ti n
16、g shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man lea ns dow n to kiss the woma n. Klimt fini shed the painting in 1908. Un til now, people who had trouble see ing could not appreciate the artwork. But tha nk
17、s to the reproduct ion they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressi ons. An dreas Reich in ger started making 3-D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduct ion was his most difficult project because the couples robes are so detailed. Domin ika Raditsch is a bli nd museum visit
18、or. She touched the reproduct ion. As she moved her hands around it she said ，“ Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details. ” Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like whe n she touched the reproducti on. “ Its somehow roun d.You can feel it.You can feel it.It
19、comes with it.A nd in many places its so smooth.A nd the n I think to myself: it probably shines too !” Raditsch said. The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3-D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproduct ions that can be touched. But the p
20、iece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3-D prin ti ng tech no logy . That means one 3 day, bli nd art fans any where in the world could dow nl oad the source files and print the reproducti ons themselves. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用 3D 打印技术重现 名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。 5. Wh
21、at is “ The Kiss ” ? A. A European Union project. B. A popular painting. C. A 3-D technology. D. A famous museum. 答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。从文章第二段的One pa inting prin ted with the new tech no logy is Gustav Klimt s The Kiss . It is a popular attracti on ” 可知， （吻） 是一幅深受欢迎的画作。故选 B 项。 6. Why did Reich in ger say t
22、his reproduct ion was difficult to fini sh? A. The painting was reproduced detailedly. B. The original artwork was made in 1908. C. Blind art fans cant download the source. D. The 3-D tech no logy is not available. 答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。从文章第三段的最后一句He said this reproduction was his most difficult project be
23、ca use the couples robes are so detailed ” 可知， An dreas Reichi nger 说吻是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选 A 项。B 项“原画作制作于 1908 年”和 C 项“视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源”与该题的要 求不符；D项错在“ not available ，与文章第三段中的“ started making 3-D versions of artwork in 2010 ” 不符。 7. How did Raditsch feel whe n she first touched the reproduct ion?
24、 A. Awkward. B . Puzzled. C. Excited. D . Nervous. 答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。从文章第四段中的“ You can feel it. You can feel it ”可以推测出 Raditsch “激动的”心情。故选 C 项。 8. What is the best title for the text? A. A Europea n Union Program for Museum Visitors B. 3-D Printing Lets the Blind Experienee Famous Pain ti ngs C. How to
25、 Reproduce the World-famous Paintings D. A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna , Austria 答案与解析：D 考查标题判断。从文章第一段的内容可以看出， 用 3D 打印技术让视障 人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选 B 项。A 项错在“ Museum Visitors ”太宽泛；C 项“如何复制世界名画”只是文章的一部分，不全面； D 项没有突出 “3-D printing ”和“ blind fans ，故排除。 n.完形填空 （2018 长春七校第一次联考） Jake Ols o
26、n lost his left eye whe n he was eight mon ths old because of a born cancer. _1_ it was con trolled through treatme nts, it reappeared and _2_ the loss of his right eye. But after years of cheering for his favorite football team, Jake has _3_ the impossible dream. Hes now a part of the team, despite
27、 his total _4_, playing the game not based on sight but on _5_. Being a _6_ fan of the USC Trojans, one of Jakes last _7_ before he lost his eye was to watch the team play at Notre Dame. His strong lik ing for the sport did nt go _8_ former USC coach Pete reached the boy, i nviti ng him to meet the
28、4 _9_. In spired by those players, Jake hoped to be _10_ in his schools football team. At first he did nt think he would be of any real 11_, but whe n he heard peoples cheers for football players, his love for football strengthened. So Jake _12_ the coach, ask ing to join the team. The coach told hi
29、m to _13_ the next seas on. So Jake spe nt his time practici ng hard. _14_ , he became a starter on the team in the n ext seas on. Having made his high school football team, it did nt seem too _15_ to do the same in college. Coach Steve agreed that Jake _16_ the requireme nts of the team. So Jakes d
30、ream came true. _17 _ football, Jake is also a motivati onal speaker. “ I went into football with the thought that I had nothing to _18_ ，” Jake said, “I really had no fear. Going through _19_ in life does make you stro nger. Lifes un fair, but its _20_ me not to give up and keep fighti ng. ” 【文章大意】
31、本文是一篇记叙文。Jake Olson 双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的 热爱。他是高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且他还是一位励志演讲人。 1. A.Unless B . Though C. Only if D . Now that 答案与解析：B 根据下文的 “ it was con trolled through treatme nts, it reappeared. ”可知，此处指尽管 (Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发 了，并导致(led to) Jake Olson 失去了他的右眼。主从句之间存在让步关系，故选 Though。 2. A.backed off B
32、 . held back C. broke down D . led to 答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。back off 退缩，退却”；hold back 抑制，阻止”； break down 出故障，崩溃。” 3. A.forgotten B . quitted C. realized D . ignored 答案与解析：C 但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后， Jake 实现了 (realized) 那个不可能的梦。下文中的Jakes dream came true ”亦是提示。forget 忘记”； quit 放弃”；ignore 忽视”。 4. A.blindness B .
33、absenee C. deafness D . innocence 答案与解析： A 根据上文中的lost his left eye ”the loss of his right eye ” 可知，此处指尽管Jake 双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。absenee 缺席”； deafness 聋”。 5 . A.ability B . guess C . feel D . imagi nati on 答案与解析：C 根据上文提到的 Jake 双目失明的内容可知， 此处指的应是他打球靠的 不是视力而是感觉(feel) 。ability 能力”；guess 猜测”；imag
34、ination 想象”。 6 . A.respo nsible B . faithful C . careful D . temporary 答案与解析：B 根据语境及上文的years of cheering for his favorite football team”可知，此处指作为 USC Trojans 球队的忠实粉丝，Jake 在失去视力之前最后的愿望 (wishes)之一是观看球队在 Notre Dame 的比赛。 responsible 负责任的”； faithful 忠 实的”； careful 细心的”；temporary 临时的”。 7 . A.cha nces B . p
35、romises C . courses D . wishes 答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。 8 . A.unno ticed B . un solved 5 C . un reported D . un limited 答案与解析： A 根据下文的former USCcoach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to. ”可知，此处指 Jake 对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed 未被注意的，被 忽视的”；unsolved 未解决的”；unreported 未报道的”；unlimited 无限制的，无 条件的”。 9 . A.l eaders
36、 B . players C. fans D . coaches 答案与解析：B 根据语境及上文提到的 Jake 是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队的比赛 的内容可知，此处应是指教练 Pete 邀请 Jake 跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“ In spired by those players ”是关键的提示信息。 10. A.occupied B . involved C. trapped D . absorbed 答案与解析：B 受到那些球员们的鼓舞， Jake 希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。 be involved in 是固定搭配，意为参与，参加。be occupied in
37、忙于”；be trapp ed in 被 困在”；be absorbed in 全神贯注于”。 11. A.i nterest B . hope C. use D . concern 答案与解析：C 此处指尽管 Jake 想加入学校的橄榄球队， 但是因为自身有残疾，Jake 最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处 (use)。 12 . A.approached B . appreciated C. recog ni zed D . greeted 答案与解析：A 因此，Jake 找了教练，请求加入球队。approach 靠近，接洽”； appreciate 感激，欣赏”；recog ni
38、ze 认出，认可”。 13 . A.pull through B . set out C. leave off D . come back 答案与解析： D 根据下文的the n ext seas on he became a starter on the team in the next season ”可知，此处指教练叫 Jake 下个赛季再回来。pull through 痊愈， 康复”；set out 动身踏上”；leave off 停止”；come back 回来，返回”。 14 . A.Gradually B . Fin ally C. Rece ntly D . Accide nt
39、ally 答案与解析：B 所以 Jake 花时间刻苦练习， 最后，在下个赛季，他成了球队的上场球 员。gradually 逐渐地”；fin ally 最后，终于”；recen tly 最近”；accide ntally 偶 然地，意外地”。 15 . A.difficult B . accessible C. attractive D . n ecessary 答案与解析： A 根据上文的Having made his high school football team ” 可知， 因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。 difficult “困难的”； accessibl
40、e “可接近的”； attractive “吸弓丨人的”； necessary “必要的”。 16 . A.refreshed B . completed C. satisfied D . acquired 答案与解析： C 根据句中的“ Coach Steve agreed ”及下文中的“ So Jakes dream came true ”可知，此处指 Steve 觉得 Jake 达到了球队的要求，因此 Jake 加入大学球队的 梦想实现了。refresh “更新”；complete “完成”；satisfy “满足”；acquire “获得”。 17 . A.Apart from B .
41、 In stead of C. Regardless of D . Except for 答案与解析：A 根据下文的“ Jake is also a motivational speaker ”可知，除了打 橄榄球之外，Jake 也是一位励志演讲人。apart from “除 . 之外(还有)”；in stead of “而 不是”；regardles s of “不管”；except for “除 . 之外”。 6 18 . A.share B . lose C. offer D . desire 答案与解析：B 根据语境及下文的“ I really had no fear ”可知，此处指
42、Jake 起初 是带着自己没有任何可失去 (lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。 19 . A.failures B . challe nges C. competitio ns D . fears 答案与解析：B Jake 身有残疾，所以要面对许多生活中的挑战 (challenges)，而这也 使他变得更加坚强。failure “失败”；competition “竞争”；fear “恐惧”。 20 . A.war ned B . begged7 C. convinced D . taught 答案与解 D 根据上文内容可知， 此处指的是生活是不公平的， 但它告诉 Jake 不要 放弃，要坚持下去。warn 警告”；beg 乞求”；convince 说服”；teach 使明白