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1、郑州航空工业管理学院英 文 翻 译 2011 届 自动化 专业 3 班级 姓 名 李贵锋 学号 1106113067 指导教师 王威立 二一五 年 4 月 3Design of Realizing the Function of Spot Speed Monitoring and Control Based on SCM TechnologyCHEN Wu-lin1，YAN Jian-sheng1，HUANG Tian-c AN Ling-hui21Department of Electric Engineering, hen1，WANG Jian-qiang1，TIOrdnance Engi
2、neering College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China; Phone :+86 0311 97994743E-Mail: cwlmail.nuc.edu 2Shenzhong middle school , HeBei 053800, ChinaAbstract: With a single-chip microcopy (SCM) as its core and assists with some electrical wires, using the infrared technology and so on, this instrument have re
3、alized the function of spot speed monitoring and control. To make the system more useful, we add figure-keyboard to it, with which people can set the function of spot speed by ones wish. Now, based on the communication among the SCM(s), consists of a SCM-internet by which one major module can contro
4、l several small modules. Monitoring and controlling the function of spot speed is the major utilize of the small modules. Besides, emergency-ring, speed setting up and figure displaying and those shall realize the rest. This system monitors the function of spot speed and setting up emergency-ring li
5、ne by using the infrared transmission. Its resisting interference is so strong that the monitor-precision shall rise greatly. The advantage rich resources of SCM are exploring completely which make function of the system stronger Key words: SCM; the Infrared Transmission.I. IntroductionIn medical, i
6、t requests the speed of a bit of transfusion to control in certain scope. Traditional transfusion installation in transfusion course, accompanying the liquid unceasing decreasing in transfusion bottle and the transfusions speed of a bit unceasing reduction, cannot satisfy medical requirement. This d
7、esign uses the infrared check installation testing speed of a bit, transformation it to digital signal and inputs SCM. SCM shows it using numberal pipe and at the same time SCM controls walking electrical machine according to design, to make the speed control of a bit in the scope that enactments in
8、 advance. To increase systematic practicality, from digital keyboard of SCM, user can communicate according to the network and enactment the drop speed of set point by ones need, can realize transfusion a bit of several wards from control system. It can replace transfusion with existing hospital by
9、the liquid speed supervisory and control arrangement of a bit which have the characteristic with simple control and high precision. There is wide market prospect in the aspect of hospital and family tend, having higher society and economic benefits. It just follows as fig 1:II. Hardware designA. SCM
10、 brief introduction: SCM is more called as tiny controller definitely, is 20 century middle of 70 decade development getting up a kind of rule modular of integrated circuit that faces control , its characteristic is function strong , volume little ,reliability is high , price cheap. Once it came for
11、th,it was convenient in industrial control, data collection and intelligence melt the fields such as appearance,electromechanical unifinication and home appliances and have gotten extensive application, also have raised automation level and the technical level of these fields maximally. Therefore ap
12、plication and the development of SCM have become high-tech with asignificant program of project field.B. Walk into generator: It is a kind of conductedelement of digital control system. It can change the digital quantitative change of input, is correspondingangular displacement or the displacement o
13、f straight line, make digital signals into pulse signals, give firstly pulse signals, motor turns a angle or ongoingone step. Sketch is Fig.2: THE speed inspection of a bit design: It adopts the infrared sensor drop speed of measurement point, project with direct current, circuit is simple , has ste
14、ady performance. Consideration uses a pair of pipe,lean droplet to fall take off reflection infrared ray will make accept pipe unknown and produce low level signals, but reflection signals is too weak , can not be monitored efficiently. The speed control: It is fast to set an initial altitude first,
15、 and detection drips now. Then, regulate repeatedly, controlling step into the revolution of generator according to the relation between high and drop speed reaching suitable, make droplet satisfy to set drop speed highly.The high detection of face of blade with alarm: Using infrared detection Techn
16、ology, realize its warning function. Let infrared transmitting tube with take over pipe just for set up in bottle two side, and set up in the altitude of cordon, because of sensor when having water with sink water receive signals strength difference. Therefore but basis take over the strong weak dif
17、ference of signals, with comparator handling,can get the greater telecommunications discrepancy that water level arouses in critical line , and judging from whether water level reaches cordon, SCM sends alarm signals.III. Software designSoftware design is systematic crucial link. If hardware is &quo
18、t;skeleton", software is “muscle and nerve". Software design is mainly with signals and control signal s outputting, the communication between main station and stations and showing with keyboards controlling program. (1) Keyboard with showing is complete modular and the frequency that show
19、s are the things that we will consider, because of having measured the speed of a bit, the frequency that shows can set according to needs completely. (2) The software about the communication between main station and stations: With relapse test and elaborate design, with the isolation technology of
20、chief line us have realized standing for war all functions, can realize efficiently to stand for the control of station. Major stands to dispatch information are contained from station number and sign position, as well as the control data that it wants. Stations are in always to take over state , wi
21、ll want to return to main station information, state changes over to dispatch, datas dispatching completely is still in to take over state, wait main station control and inquiry. Main station adopts to decide point with tour inspection two ways. (3) Software flow chart is as Fig 3:IV. Experiment Res
22、ult (1) A bit speed control: Set a speed of a bit, the measure by every time with showing that. At the same time, regulate the high to control the speed of a bit, shows as follows: In table, the data analysis of test can be known ,this system has reached title requirement completely ,also, has highe
23、st precision under the condition in the mezzo speed, in the two ends of dropping rapid of controlling scope, the controlling error is also on the small side.(2) Liquid surface inspection to give an alarm test: Measure liquid surfaces altitude give an alarm,under the case of the fast rapid speed, hav
24、e recordedsome groups of data, is 2.5 respectively.(3) For system enter the time needed by steady state test, the longest time is 1 minute and 32 seconds, this time is from the lowest end to the highest end, and the regulation time of other condition is smaller than this number. By the time that thi
25、s system enters steady state, is smaller than the index. It satisfies title requirement.V. ConclusionThe system have completed title requirement basically and have realized the control regulation of a bit, can compare accurate regulation to assume random setting value .In systematic design course, i
26、t is simple that we make great effort line in line with practical attitude, to make the hardware circuitry simpleness and bring into play the agile of program and let high limit to excavate SCM resource, in order to satisfy problem requirement to keep close to life reality. However, since time is hu
27、rriedly and the ability infinity. This system still has the place of many worthwhile improvements, with the expecting of the readers criticism and comment.REFERENCES1 Zhang Hong-run Zhang Ya-fan. SCM principle and application Beijing: Tsinghua University pressed in 2005.2 Kang Hua-guang technical ba
28、sic digital partial (the edition of 4th) Beijing: It is higher to educate pressed in2000.3 Blanco J, et al. Micromachined inertial sensor development at north. Proc. 49th Annual Meeting,Institute of Navigation, 1993; 实现基于单片机技术的点速度监控和控制装置的设计陈吴林1,燕建生1,黄天成1,王建强1,田灵慧21电气工程工程部、军械工程学院,中国石家庄050003; :+ 86 0
29、311 97994743电子邮件:cwlmail.nuc.edu 2、中国河北省中学053800 摘要:以一个单片机(SCM)为核心,并协助一些电线,使用红外技术等做出一个器件,这种器件能够实现点速度的监控和控制。我们添加键盘来使系统更加实用,使人们可以按照自己的意愿设置点速度。现在,基于单片机之间的通信,可以由一个单片机网络通过一个主要模块控制几个小模块。在监测和控制功能中,测量和控制点速度的小模块是最重要的模块。此外，报警线、速度设置和图显示以及其他模块也很重要。这个系统对于点速度的监控以及对报警线的设置使用红外传输。它的抗干扰性能非常强大，它的监测精度将大大提高。单片机的丰富资源将使得这
30、个系统的功能更加强大。关键字:单片机,红外传输。I.介绍在医学上, 传统的输液装置在输液过程中需要把速度控制在一定范围内,随液体不断的减少,输液瓶内输液的速度不断降低,不能满足医疗需求。本设计采用红外检测监控速度使它转换为数字信号再输入到单片机中。单片机使用数字管显示出速度，并且根据设计需求控制步进电机,使速度控制在提前设定范围内,这样可以增加系统的实用性,用户可以使用数字键盘与网络沟通以及根据需要设置点速度。可以通过控制系统实现几个病房输血控制的切换。它可以取代现有医院的输血和输液并实现简单的控制,还能提高精度。这装置在家庭中使用有广阔的市场前景,拥有较高的社会和经济效益。系统框图如图1所示
31、:II.硬件设计A单片机简介: 单片机又称微型控制器,是20世纪70年中期十年发展起来的一种模块化控制集成电路 ,其特点是功能强大,体积小,可靠性高,价格便宜。它出现后,不仅方便的应用于工业控制、数据采集、智能融化等领域,在机电一体化和家用电器中也得到了广泛的应用,最大地提高了自动化水平和技术水平。因此应用程序和供应链管理的发展已经成为高科技领域的项目。B步进电机的介绍: 它是一种数字控制系统,它可以改变数字变量的输入,从而改变数字脉冲信号，数字脉冲信号首先给马达一个角度转动命令使其变化。原理图如图2所示：监测点速度的设计:采用红外传感器测量点速度,直接接上直流电流,电路简单,性能稳定。考虑使
32、用滴液管,液滴下落反射红外线会让接受管和产生低电平信号,但如果反射信号太弱,不能有效地实现监控。速度控制:首先这是快速设定一个初始高度并检测滴。然后,反复调节,控制液滴进入发生器时高与低之间的关系,使液滴速度达到满足设定的下降速度值的要求。液面检测与报警:使用红外探测技术,实现预警功能。让红外发射管与接管管安装在瓶的两侧,并建立一定高度的警戒线,水的多少会影响传感器接收信号强度的差异。因此可依据接管的强弱信号的差异,经过比较器处理,可以获得更大的电信号差异,所以通过看水位是否达到警戒线,来控制单片机发送报警信号。III.软件设计软件设计是系统的关键环节。如果硬件是“骨架”,那么软件就是“肌肉和
33、神经”。软件设计主要是用来处理信号和控制信号的输出,其主要功能是实现是站和站之间的通信、显示以及键盘的控制。 (1)我们应该考虑的方面是键盘与显示是不是完整的实现了模块化的频率显示,因为测量出了点速度后,频率显示完全可以根据需要设置。 (2)软件之间的通信总站和位置:通过反复测试和精心设计以及运用隔离技术，我们可实现站之间的高效控制。主要的站传送的信息包括站的数据以及站的位置，以及其他需要的数据。站总是负责显示信息,然后把信息传送给主要的站,状态的调度、数据的调度的变化完全仍由主要站接管，从而实现主要站控制和查询。主站采用决定点与巡回检查两种方式。 (3)软件流程图如图3所示:IV.实验结果
34、(1)点速度控制:设定点速度,每次测量都会显示速度。同时,调节高度来控制点速度,显示如下:通过表,数据分析的测试可以知道,在这个系统已经达到设置要求的最高条件下，单片机精确地发出控制是速度维持在规定的值内,两端的控制范围的下降迅速,控制误差也设置在一定范围。 (2)通过液体表面检查来设计报警试验:在高速的情况下，测量液体表面的报警高度,已经得到了几组数据,分别是2.5。 (3)对系统输入所需的时间进行稳态测试,最长的时间是1分钟32秒,这个时间就是从最低到最高的结束时间,调节时间的其他条件，使它小于这个数字。通过这段时间系统进入稳态,小于该指数则满足要求。V.结论 系统基本上已经完成了标题的要求并且已经实现了控制调节点速度的功能,可以比较准确的实现随机假定的值。 系统的设计过程是简单的,我们努力本着务实的态度,使硬件电路简单和并且功能灵敏, 为了满足问题的需要并且能够贴近生活，我们尽可能的挖掘单片机资源。然而,由于时间匆忙和能力有限,这个系统仍然有许多值得改进的地方,希望读者的批评和建议。参考文献1张宏润,张亚凡,单片机原理与应用 北京:清华大学 2005年。2康光华,电子技术基础数字部分(第四版),北京:高等教育出版社 2000年3 BlancoJ,北方的机械惯性传感器 ,49年航海协会的年会上,1993年