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1、. 与专业有关的英文及译文 The significance of logistics distributionModern distribution differs with common logistics, logistics is the product of the business and physical separation, and the distribution is, the unity of content, the distribution itself is more like a form of business, while the distribution
2、in the concrete implementation, there are implemented in the form of business separation, but from the distribution trend of development, business flow and logistics more and more tightly integrated, distribution is the important guarantee of success. The significance of distribution can be analyzed
3、 from the following two aspects:(a) the Angle of economicsFrom the point of view of economics, resource allocation and distribution of final configuration of resources in the form of modern shipping economic activity. (1) distribution is part of the allocation of resources, because of the economic s
4、ystem is to distribute or a mechanism of resource allocation in distribution can be regarded as a form of economic system. (2) distribution in the resource allocation function of it is "" at the end of the configuration of resources, is close to the customer's configuration, and as clo
5、se as possible to the customer is the enterprise management strategy is critical success factors, distribution is an important way of logistics, has very important strategic value for many enterprises, but the limitations make it can't solve all the problems in the field of logistics and distrib
6、ution. (3) distribution of the main economic activity is delivery. Emphasizes the modern shipping, here shows difference with traditional delivery method, the distribution of major means of economic activity is the modern productive forces, the new labor as support, relying on science and technology
7、, is a "match" and "send" a means of organic combination.(2) the distribution of the implementation of the wayFrom the perspective of the distribution way of implementation of logistics is in accordance with the requirements of customers orders, and in the distribution center or
8、other logistics nodes equipped with goods, and sent to the users with the most reasonable way. (1) distribution is close to the user of the flow field during the process of resource allocation. Distribution is the essence of the delivery, but and general delivery is different: in general can be a ra
9、ndom delivery, and distribution is a fixed form, there is a certain organization, channels, with modern technology to support, form a set of complete scientific management system, the distribution is a high level of shipping method. (2) the distribution is a "transfer" form. Delivery from
10、the logistics node to the user a special shipping method. Look from delivery function, its particularity is shown as: is full-time circulation enterprises engaged in shipping, not production enterprises; Distribution is a "transit" type of delivery, and general delivery especially to the u
11、ser's delivery is often direct from the factory; Usually send what is the production, delivery and distribution is what companies need to send what. And to do what you need to send what, must be in transit link collection that need, and delivery must take the form of "transit". 3. Dist
12、ribution is the combination of "match" and "send". Distribution and delivery, is the important difference between distribution by using effective sorting, distribution and so on tally work, make delivery reached a certain scale, in order to take advantage of scale achieved lower
13、delivery cost. Without sorting, distribution, there is one shipment, need a send a, can greatly increase the consumption of manpower and material resources, cost less than pick up the goods delivery. So, want to reflect the advantage of distribution, sorting, distribution and so on a work is necessa
14、ry. (4) distribution to users requirements as the starting point. Distribution from the user's interests, according to user requirements of an activity. Therefore, must be clear to set up "the user first", "quality first" concept. Distribution companies as a service provider,
15、 should from the user's interests first, on the basis of fully consider the interests of the users obtain the benefits of this enterprise. Distribution enterprises cannot use their own distribution channels to control to control the users of goods, cannot use distribution department division, in
16、dustry division, cannot use distribution as department division, industry division, where the market approach.Logistics is along with the mass production and large circulation and appear a complete resource allocation and to meet consumer demand. Logistics due to realize the timing and quantitative,
17、 punctuality, planning, real-time, low cost, and even can realize zero inventory, customers that can completely replace the customer original supply system in the supply of the supply of higher quality and lower cost, realize the supply to the customer, to realize the integration of enterprise sales
18、 and customer supply.Second, the important role of logistics distributionLogistics is refers to the goods from supplier to recipient entity flow process. According to the actual need, transportation, storage, loading and unloading, handling, packaging, circulation processing, distribution, informati
19、on processing and other basic functions. According to the concept of logistics and the definition of system, logistics system is to complete the goods entity flow from supplier to recipient and will transport, storage, loading and unloading handling, distribution processing, packaging and logistics
20、information together, constitute the functional system of logistics system. The role of distribution performance in:(a) enterprises to adopt distribution systemDistribution system on which distribution, which can reduce logistics costs, improve service levels, in order to expand sales, expand the ma
21、rket, strengthen enterprise competition ability. (2) the product distribution system, distribution need how many, how much production, can realize products zero inventory, you can get the most economical and the biggest benefit. In (3) procurement and distribution system, can achieve how many enterp
22、rise, supplier delivery how much, when you need to, when suppliers on delivery. So companies don't need to set up raw material inventory, circulation enterprises don't need to set up inventory, can achieve zero inventory management, greatly reduce operating costs. 4. Zero inventory managemen
23、t, saved a large number of reserve funds, can improve enterprise's financial position, enhance the enterprise economic strength, promote enterprise development. (5) business in distribution system, leading to production system and distribution system as well as the procurement system correspondi
24、ng revolutionary change, improve enterprise management level.(2) for the masses of users, to improve the logistics service level.Distribution to volume, variety complete, door-to-door delivery on time, on the one hand, the user on a business trip from purchasing transportation replenish onr's st
25、ock, such as labor, simplify the procedures, convenient for users, save the cost and improve the efficiency; On the other hand guarantee the supplies, and guarantee the normal production and circulation enterprises, can meet the needs of the people production and living supplies and services to enjo
26、y.(3) distribution can improve the utilization rate of materials and inventory turns.Distribution in distribution center inventory, can use limited warehouse, make limited inventory might be used for a wider more customers, demand is bigger, the market is wide, will greatly improve the material util
27、ization rate and inventory turnover ratio. Still can make warehousing and distribution 译文物流配送的重要意义现代配送与普通物流的不同之处在于，物流是商、物分离的产物，而配送则是商物合一的产物，配送本身更像一种商业形式，虽然配送在具体实施时，也有以商物分离形式实现的，但从配送的发展趋势，商流与物流越来越紧密地结合，是配送成功的重要保障。配送的重要意义可以从以下两个方面分析:(一)经济学的角度从经济学资源配置的角度来看，配送是以现代送货形式实现资源最终配置的经济活动。配送是资源配置的一部分，因为经济体制就是分配
28、或配置资源的一种机制，配送可以看作是经济体制的一种形式。配送的资源配置作用表现在，它是资源的“最终配置”，是接近顾客的配置，而尽可能接近顾客是企业经营战略取得成功至关重要的因素，配送是一种重要的物流方式，对许多企业具有极为重要的战略价值，但其局限性使它不能解决物流及流通领域的所有问题。配送的主要经济活动是送货。这里强调现代送货，表明与传统送货方式的区别，即配送的主要经济活动是以现代生产力、新式劳动手段作支撑，依靠科技，是“配”与“送”有机结合的一种方式。(二)配送的实施方式从配送的实施方式角度看，物流是按用户定货要求，在配送中心或其他物流节点进行货物配备，并以最合理的方式送交用户。配送处于接近
29、用户的那一段流通领域资源配置的全过程。配送的实质是送货，但是和一般送货有区别:一般送货可以是一种偶然行为，而配送却是一种固定的形态，是一种有确定组织、确定渠道、有现代技术手段支持、有一套完整科学管理的体制形式，配送是一种高水平的送货方式。配送是一种“中转”形式。配送是从物流节点至用户的一种特殊送货方式。从送货功能看，其特殊性表现为:从事送货的是专职流通企业，而不是生产企业;配送是“中转”型送货，而一般送货尤其从工厂到用户的送货往往是直达型;一般送货是生产什么送什么，而配送则是企业需要什么送什么。而要做到需要什么送什么，就必须在中转环节汇集这种需要，因而配送必然以“中转”形式出现。配送是“配”和
30、“送”的有机结合。配送与一般送货的重要区别是，配送利用有效的分拣、配送等理货工作，使送货达到一定的规模，以利用规模优势取得较低的送货成本。如果不进行分拣，配货，有一件运一件，需要一件送一件，会大大增加人力、物力消耗，送货成本不会低于取货。所以，要体现配送的优势，分拣、配送等项工作是必不可少的。配送以用户要求为出发点。配送是从用户利益出发，按用户要求进行的一种活动。因此，必须明确树立“用户第一”、“质量第一”的观念。配送企业作为服务者，首先应从用户利益出发，在充分考虑了用户利益的基础上取得本企业的利益。配送企业不能利用自己的配送渠道对货物进行控制以此来控制用户，不能利用配送作部门分割、行业分割，
31、不能利用配送作为部门分割、行业分割、割据市场的手段。物流配送是伴随着大生产、大流通而出现的一种完成资源配置和满足消费需求的方式。物流配送由于实现了定时、定量、准时性、计划性、即时性、低费用甚至可以实现客户的零库存，以至可以完全取代客户原有的供应系统用更高的供应质量和更低的供应成本，对用户实现供应，实现企业销售和客户供应的一体化。二、物流配送的巨大作用物流是指物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程。根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实现结合。根据物流的定义和系统的概念，物流体系是为完成物品实体从供应地到接收地的流动而将运输、仓储、装卸搬运、流通加工包装和
32、物流信息等融为一体，构成了物流体系的功能体系。配送的作用表现在:(一)企业采用配送体制分销领域采用配送体制，可以降低物流成本，提高服务水平，从而可以扩大销售、扩大市场、增强企业竞争能力。产品实行配送体制，配送需要多少，就生产多少，可以实现产品零库存，可以获得最大的节约和最大的效益。采购领域实行配送体制，就可以实现企业需要多少，供应商就配送多少，什么时候需要，供应商就什么时候送货。因此企业不需要设置原材料库存，流通企业也不需要设置流通库存，都可以做到零库存经营，大大降低经营成本。企业零库存经营，节省下来的大量储备资金，可以改善企业的财务状况，增强企业经济实力，促进企业发展。(二)对于广大用户来说
33、，提高了物流服务水平。配送能够按时按量、品种配套齐全地送货上门，一方面使用户免除了出差采购运输进货等劳役之苦，简化了手续，方便了用户，节省了成本，提高了效率;另一方面保障了物资供应，保障了企业生产和流通的正常进行，满足了人们生产生活的物资需要和服务享受。(三)配送提高了物资利用率和库存周转率。配送采用配送中心集中库存，可以利用有限仓库，使有限库存为更大范围更多客户所利用，需求更大、市场面广，物资利用率和库存周转率必然大大提高。还可以使仓储与配送环节建立和运用规模经济优势，使单位存货酒己送和管理的总成本下降。(四)配送完善了干线运输中心的社会物流功能体系。采用配送作业方式，可以在一定范围内，将干
34、线、支线运输与仓储等环节统一起来，使干线输送过程及功能体系得以优化和完善，形成一个大范围物流与局部范围配送相结合的、完善的物流配送体系。(五)配送对于整个社会和生态环境来说，也起着重要的作用。配送可以节省运输车辆，缓解交通紧张状况，减少噪声、尾气排放等运输污染，为保护生态平衡、创造美好家园作出贡献。(六)发展配送有利于提升和优化物流结构和产业结构，使运输业、仓输业获得增长的机会;同时与其相关的电信服务、代理业和客户服务等行业的发展将成为第三产业的新增长点。我国从历史上曾采用的一般送货，发展到以高科技做支撑，再成为企业发展战略手段的配送，是最近一二十年的事情，20世纪90年代以来的实践证明，配送是一种非常好的物流方式，它彻底改变了传统的流通模式和方式，为用户提供了更加方便、快捷的服务，提高了流通企业的效率。但进展缓慢、设备落后、信息化程度低也是目前的一个基本状况，所以，借鉴发达国家的先进经验，结合我国具体实际，发展符合我国国情的配送体系，使物流配送向正规化、规模化发展显得十分重要。*;