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1、3 .线路参数测试的实用优化方案A Practical Optimized Method of CircuitParameter Test两个及以上T接点的联络线如图 24,在计算220kV A变电站516断路器保护时，需 要测试A-b、A-c、(A-d)、(A-e)、A-F线路的阻抗值；在计算 220kV F变电站504断 路器保护时，需要测试 F-c、F-b、( F-d)、( F-e)、F-A线路的阻抗值。通过分析线路阻 抗的理论值，在对线路电源端的220kV A站和F站的断路器继电保护进行计算时，为保证距离、零序I段不伸入下级变电站主变，选择正序、零序阻抗最小的某段线路如A-b和F-c进
2、行计算；为保证距离、零序H段对全线有灵敏度，选择正序、零序阻抗最大的线路如A-c和F-b或A-F进行计算。通过分析，对线路参数测试方案进行如下优化：选择阻抗值最小和最大的A-b、F-c、A-c、F-b或A-b、F-c、A-F进行参数测试。测试次数由5至9次减少到3至4次。The wires of Two or more T connection points are shown in figure 24. When the protection of 516 circuit breaker of the 220kV A transformer substation is computed, t
3、he impedance circuits of wire A-b, A-c, (A-d), (A-e), and A-F should be tested. When the protection of 504 circuit breaker of the 220kV F transformer substation is computed, the impedance circuits of wire F-c, F-b, (F-d), (F-e), and F-A should be tested. Through analyzing the theoretical value of li
4、ne impedance, a conclusion can be drawn: when 220kV A and 220kV F transformer substations at the power port of the circuit are computed, in order to ensure the distance and the section I of zero sequence should not stretch into the inferior transformer substation m asn transformer, and the wire (lik
5、e wire A-b and F-c) which has the minimum impedance of positive sequence as well as zero sequence should be computed. What ' s more, to make sure the distandethm section! of zero sequence have sensitivities toward the whole wires, the wire (like wire F-b and A-F) which has the maximum impedance
6、of positive sequence and zero sequence should be computed. According to the analysis, the testing method of line parameters can be optimized as follows: choose the minimum impedance and maximum impedance (like wire A-b, F-c, A-c, F-b or wire A-b, F-c, A-F) to do the parameter test. The number of tes
7、ting should reduced to 34 times from 59 times.4 .实例分析 I nstance Analysis以长沙电网110kV榔农合黎i线线路为例，对线路参数测试的实用优化方案进行验证。To verify the practical optimized method of the Circuit parameter test, here take 110 kV Lang Nong He Li Line I of Changsha power grid as an example.2012年07月，110kV榔农合黎I线杆迁，送电前进行参数测试。该线路为两个
8、T接点，架空和电缆混合的输电线路。测试出的线路阻抗值与理论值比较见表1。In July, 2012, because of being removed, 110 kV Lang Nong He Li Line I was conducted the parameter test before the power transmission. The line had two T contact, namely, overhead and cable hybrid transmission lines. The tested impedance value and its theoretical
9、value are compared in table 1.表1榔农合黎i线理论值与实测值的比较Table 1: The comparison between the theoretical impedance value and the tested impedance value of the Lang Nong He Li Linel榔农合黎I线有名值R1X1R0X0Z1(Q)Z1角度Z0(Q)Z0角度榔农段理论值1.08193.40203.240810.21153.5772.3610.7172.40榔农段实测值0.98363.30703.17879.78523.4573.5010.29
10、72.00榔合段理论值1.44913.56603.592710.70953.8567.8911.3071.50榔合段实测值1.35463.38713.486110.63603.6568.2111.1971.86榔黎段理论值1.52235.01435.158214.71285.2471.7915.5970.68榔黎段实测值1.39054.54554.225313.68104.7673.0514.3272.84黎合段理论值0.80931.67301.66785.03651.8664.195.3168.91黎合段实测值0.47281.62661.86335.16351.7073.845.4970.1
11、6黎农段理论值1.13053.59543.381310.79763.7772.5511.3271.74黎农段实测值0.94273.41693.198510.28473.5471.4410.7769.83在计算榔梨变514、黎托变522断路器保护时，根据I段不伸入下级主变，II段对全线有灵敏度的原则，重点考虑离两个220kV榔梨、黎托变阻抗最小和阻抗最大的站之间进行实测， 从表1可见，与榔梨变阻抗最小和阻抗最大的为榔农段和榔黎段，与黎托变阻抗最小和阻抗 最大的为黎合段和榔黎段，通过分析，可对参数实测方案进行优化，采取榔梨变至农大变、 榔梨变至黎托变、黎托变至合丰变各实测一次的方案，测试次数可由原
12、5次减少为3次，减少2次。Based on the principles thatI Shsecdonot stretch into the inferior maintransformer ” and “ the sehtisnsensitivities toward the whole wie” , whencomputing protection of the Langli transformer substation514 breaker and Langtuo transformer substation522 breaker, we should mainly consider t
13、esting the stations which have the maximum or the minimum impedance of the Langli transformer substation and Langtuo transformer substation. From table 1, the Langnong segment has the minimum impedance and the Langli segment has the maximum impedance with Langli transformer substation. Besides, the
14、Lihe segment has the minimum impedance and the Langli segment has the maximum impedance with Langtuo transformer substation. Through analyzing, we can optimize the parameter measurement method by testing the following sections once: the section from Langli transformer substation to Nongda transforme
15、r substation, the section from Langli transformer substationto Lituo transformer substation and the section from Lituotransformer substation to Hefeng transformer substation. The testing times can be dropped down from 5 to 3, that is, reduced for 2 times.从表1该线路理论值与实测值的比较来看，正序、零序阻抗理论值与实测值趋势一致， 理论值与实测
16、值的差距在选取最大最小值时可忽略。省略榔合段与黎农段的实测后，优化后测试出的线路阻抗同样完全满足保护计算的需求。通过对110kV电网多T接、多段架空和电缆混合输电线路参数测试的实例证明，本文提出的实用优化方案是切实可行的。According to the comparison between the circuit 'theoretical impedance value and tested impedance value in the table1, the trend of theoretical value and the tested value of the positiv
17、e sequenceand zero sequenceimpedance is consistent, and the differences between the theoretical value and the tested value can be ignored when the maximum or minimum value is being chosen. After omitting the test of Langhe andLinong segments, the circuit impedances,which are tested in a optimized si
18、tuation, can also fully meet the needs of the calculation of the protection. From this instance, we can safely draw a conclusion that the optimized method is practicable.5 .效益分析 Benefit Analysis1)经济效益 Economic Benefit按实测一次需费用2万元，需耗时2小时计算，采用本文提出的优化方法测试 参数，双T线路减测2次，每条线路可节省费用2万元X2=4万元，节省耗时4小时。 三T线路减测3次
19、，每条线路可节省费用2万元M=6万元，节省耗时6小时。四T线 路减测6次，每条线路可节省费用2万元6=12万元，节省耗时12小时。参数测试 方案的优化缩短了线路停电时间，每条线路节省412小时，极大降低了电网风险， 其安全效益不可估量；每条线路节省412万元测试费用，大大节约测试成本，其 经济效益非常可观。According to the condition-each test costs 20,000 yuan and 2 hours-to calculate the expenses, the optimized method (which is mentioned in this the
20、sis) will be beneficial if it is applied to test the circuit parameter. For example, for the double T circuit, the testing will be cut for 2 times, so 40,000 yuan and 4 hours will be saved in each circuit; for the triple T circuit, the testing will be cut for 3 times, so 60,000 yuan and 6 hours will
21、 be saved; for the quadruple T circuit, the testing will be cut for 6 times, so 120,000 yuan and 12 hours will be saved. The optimization of parameter testing method cuts down the circuit outage time and saves 412 hours as well as 40,000120,000 yuan for each circuit, so it not only reduces the risk
22、in power grid but also lowers the testing cost. With no doubt, this optimized method can bring a sounded benefit in economy.(2)社会效益 Social Benefit按11开伏输电线路停电对1000个用户造成停电风险计算，采用本项目提出 的优化方法测试线路参数，一条线路减少停电6小时，可减少6000个时户数，即增加用户供电可靠性0.004个百分点。按20条线路计算，增加用户供电可靠性0.08 个百分点，大大降低了用户的停电风险，提高了供电可靠性.According to
23、 the condition-a 110KV transmission line s malfunction would cause risks to 1,000 users-to calculate, the optimized method will be safe if it is applied to test the circuit parameter. For this method, 6 hourspower failure and 6,000 xxx will be reduced, which means the reliability of power supply will be improved for 0.004%. If there are 20 circuits, the optimized method will increase 0.08% power supply as well as reduce the risk of power failure.