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1、梁实秋的英文简介梁实秋简介Liang Shiqiu, formerly known as Liang Zhihua, word real autumn, January 1, 1903 was born in Beijing, Zhejiang Hangzhou County (now Hangzhou) people Pen name good good, Qiulang, Cheng Shu and so on. China* s famous essayist, scholar, literary critic, translator, the first study of the au
2、thority of Shakespeare, and Lu Xun and other left-wing writers constantly fighting His life to the Chinese literary world left more than 20 million words of the work, the essays to create a modern Chinese prose works published the highest record Masterpiece Shakespeare Collection (translation) and s
3、o on.In August 1923 to study in the United States, received a master* s degree in Harvard University After returning home in 1926, he has taught at National Southeast University (predecessor of Southeast University), National Qingdao University (China Ocean University predecessor) and served as dire
4、ctor of foreign language department In 1949 to Taiwan, he served as professor of English at Taiwan Normal University November 3, 1987 died in Taipei, at the age of 84 yearsIn 1915 Liang Shiqiu admitted to Tsinghua school In the school higher school during the study began.September 1919 in the "
5、Tsinghua Weekly'' Suppiement No. 6 published the first translation of the novel "drug wife" May 28, 1921 in the ''Morning News'" seventh edition published the first essay poem "Dutch pool poo1".After graduating in August 1923, he went to Colorado College
6、in Colorado.1924 to Shanghai editor ''current affairs"' supplement ''glaucoma, at th亡 same time and Zhang Yu nine series ''bitter tea'" magazine Professor Jinan University soonIn 1925 he was the first director of the Department of Foreign Languages, China Oc
7、ean UniversityIn 1926 returned to teach at the National Southeast University1927 spring Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, Wen Yiduo, who founded the new bookstore, the following year and founder of "Crescent" monthly.In 1930 in July of that year, the Nanjing government Ministry of Education decided to cha
8、nge the national Qingdao University for the National University of Shandong, and in September 30, 1930 formally appointed Yang Zhensheng for the National University of Shandong (formerly Qingdao University) principals Yang Zhensheng will invite Liang Shiqiu (including Wen Yiduo, Liang Shiqiu, Zhang
9、Xu, Hong Shen, Li Da, Lao She, You Guowen, Shen Congwen, Wu Bo Xiao, Xiao Dafei, Ding Xilin, Tong Zhou, Wang Pu, Bo Ying, Wang Hengshun, Wang Ganchang, Wang Tongzhao and a large number of well-known scholars)To Shandong University, director of foreign language and library director (Jiang Qing at the
10、 time of the National Qingdao University (ie Shandong University) library administrator) 1932 to Tianjin "Yi Shi Bao" supplement literary weekly"In 1934 he was appointed professor of research and head of foreign language department of Peking UniversityIn the autumn of 1935 founded the
11、 ，?free commentary, has edited the '"World Daily" suppiement "Xue Wen'' and ''Peking Morning News" supplement "art"1937 '"seven seven incident" after leaving home alone to the rear1938 war began, Liang Shiqiu in Chongqing hosted the &qu
12、ot;Central Daily News Ping Ming suppiements. " Ren Guomin political participation of the Senate, the Ministry of Education primary school textbook group director, the National Compilation Translation Committee chairman. After the war, he returned to Peking UniversityIn 1949 to Taiwan, he served
13、 as the Taiwan Normal University (later changed the normal university) Department of English professor, after the Department of the head, and then the president of literatureSince 1961, he has been a professor at the Institut己 of English Retired in 1966 Had his wife traveled to the United States, in
14、 the United States and Taiwan in turn to live, his wife died after returning to Taiwan1975 married with Han JingqingNovember 3, 1987 died in TaipeiLiterary propositionHe is a member of the National Socialist Party of China, denying that literature is class Early Liang Shiqiu focused on literary crit
15、icism, had eccentently denounced Bingxin prose, insisted on the expression of abstract and eternal human nature as a literary and artistic view of literature and art criticism of Lu Xun translation of foreign works "hard translation, do not agree with Lu Xun translation and Advocated the Soviet
16、 Union literary policy", advocated literature without class'", does not advocate the literature as a political tool, against the unity of thought, requires freedom of thought During this period and Lu Xun and other left-wing writers constantly fighting Liang Shiqiu was Mr. Lu Xun as z，
17、funeral capitalist dog", Mao Zedong also called him "for the bourgeois literature service representative"From 1927 to 1936, the debate lasted for eight years October 19, 1936 Lu Xun unfortunately died, confrontation argument also naturally endedFrom the main body of literary creation,
18、 Liang Shiqiu that literature is the creation of genius Liang Shiqiu again and again said, "all the civilization, are very few genius of the original'7, ?，art is a few genius of the original, "most people no textArt, art is not the majority"And in Liang Shiqiu view, not only the c
19、reation of the main body can only be a very small number of genius, is the appreciation of literature is also a very small number of talented people* s patents," the highest art only a few people can understand art hasmany grades, so there are many levels of art appreciation. "For the sati
20、sfaction of the general public* s literary requirements, Liang Shiqiu arranged for them such as storytelling, singing, popular literature and other art, because their knowledge can only understand such works, they are only interested in such art, as for the great art Works, such as Shakespeare，s pla
21、ys, Goethe s "Faust", that naturally only great artists can appreciate and understand that Liang Shiqiu see different artistic subjects have different requirements for art, which is undoubtedly correct The mistake is to exaggerate the role of genius and other heroes, completely ignoring th
22、e majority of the people in the artistic creation and acceptance of the roleLiterary subject matterFrom the literary subject matter, on the surface Liang Shiqiu advocate the subject matter unlimited theory. He said: "The land of literature is the most extensive, in the fundamental and theoretic
23、ally no boundaries, no class restrictions"The subject matter should not be limited, but how to deal with the subject matter, but not arbitrary, but should be There is a choice, with Liang Shiqiu's words, that is, "critics do not limit the subject matter of the work, he asked the writer
24、* s attitude and the texture of the work" Here, Liang Shiqiu said although the critics, in fact, also represents Liang Shiqiu mind writers deal with the subject matter of the attitude, because Liang Shiqiu mind, criticism and creation is roughly the same, do not meet the human nature of the sub
25、ject, the writer should be processed by art to make it conform to human nature, for example, adultery such a thing, Not to say that can not write, but the writer in the writing process, should be the art of the way that this thing is contrary to human nature, ethical, this is the right way to deal w
26、ith the subject matter On the other hand, Liang Shiqiu said, "the art of the subject matter and art of the method and can not leave, only noble subject matter worthy of the noble method"Noble method only noble subject matter with, then, to To create a noble work, naturally more to use the
27、noble theme of the Although the subject matter can not be limited, but the value of th亡 subject matter is the level of the points, this is Liang Shiqiu mind real theme view In the text of /zmodern literary theory, "the length of the poem7*, "poetry and great poetry" and other text, Li
28、ang Shiqiu repeatedly stressed that the great works of art when there is a certain length, which is in fact the refraction of his view Liang Shiqiu see the author in dealing with the subject matter should play a positive role, but the artifacts of the subject matter is divided into the next few, whi
29、ch is determined by his aristocratic thought, it can be said, Liang Shiqiu bones of aristocracy The spirit of doomed Liang Shiqiu's literary thought can not get such a vicious circleLiterary thoughtLiang Shiqiu's theory of human nature from the duality of human nature, good and evil moderati
30、on, genius to insight into the absolute truth three sides accepted the impact of Babbitt, but Liang Shiqiu expanded the category of absolute truth, emphasizing universal human nature, more emphasis on practice reasonHarvard University in the United States, had selected the United States neoclassical
31、 master Babbitt's ''sixteenth century after the literary criticism" course, in the literary and artistic thought by the impact of Babbitt, from th亡 previous romantic and aesthetic tend to turn To the traditional, classical tendency, the reason is due to Babbitt* s thought for Liang
32、Shiqiu reflection of China since the May Fourth New Literature Movement has provided theoretical resources, but also because of Bai Bide's humanism and traditional Chinese Confucianism Similarity, and Liang Shiqiu thought in the traditional concept of relatively strong, which Liang Shiqiu recogn
33、ized Babbitt* s humanism provides a solid foundation.Liang Shiqiu the most basic view is that literature to the performance of universal, eternal human nature The theory of human nature is the core of histhought He said in the book ''Discipline of Literature"': "The great liter
34、ature is based on the fixed universal human nature, from the depths of the flow of love is good literature, literature is a rare loyal, loyal to humanity What is the relationship with the trend of the time, is affected by the times, or affect the times, is consistent with the revolutionary theory, o
35、r for the traditional thinking of the constraints, full of irrelevant, for the value ofonly criterion formeasuring literature.''Here Liang Shiqiu shows thevalue of literature.literature does not matter because of human Is thethe literature expressesthe traditional thought,argues that the val
36、ue of literature is not whether th亡 spirit of the times, the revolutionary theory, and whether it expresses universal fixed human nature It is his literary values that determine his literary purpose is to express the universal fixed human nature As he wrote in the article '"Discipline of Li
37、terature, "The purpose of literature is to express universal fixation by the phenomena of the natural life of the universe.Heidegger argues that artwork is a unique way of revealing itself, and that art is the same as the truth of being One of the commonalities of th亡 philosophers who have farr
38、eaching influence on the contemporary world is that literature and art have to show universality, to show infinity and to transcend the truth of existence Liang Shiqiu's literature is to show universal humanity and their theory. There is such a difference, but its basic ideas and they are connec
39、ted, which is Liang Shiqiu's modern view of human nature literatureLiterary criticismLiang Shiqiu that literary criticism is not appreciation, but to judge He said, "to determine a two_step step - judgment and off, the judge is to distinguish the choice of effort, the judge is the level of
40、value to determine the criteria for its determination is fixed universa1" What is the common fixed standard "In the next, Liang Shiqiu analyzed the purpose of criticism：/z Literary criticism is simply not a matter of fact, but an ethical choice, not a statistic"The criticism of the hu
41、man nature and the normality is the final mark of literary criticism Tn other words, the role of criticism on the one hand lies in the value of the complex works of art to determine the value of which works are great and what is poor; the other hand, critics need to point out that these What works a
42、re ethical and how they fit Liang Shiqiu said ethics, mainly refers to the Confucian ethics, Liang Shiqiu life are Confucian ethics believers, he said, ''Confucian ethics, in my opinion, is generallygood" And to complete such a difficult Tasks, of course, not everyone can do, only literary critics can do, therefore, Liang Shiqiu that only criticism of critics is critical of criticism, "critics of the views regardless of its taste with the people Is the same or the opposite, always the most refined opinion of that era感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。