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1、ing 形式作状语,The Present Participle as Adverbial,Grammar,ing分词作状语可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 让步,方式或伴随情况等。,-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）,-ing分词的构成,1. _(作为一名学生）, he was interested in books.（be)2. _(被一个陌生人跟着), she was afraid of being robbed. (follow)3. _ （ 回完信后），she went on to read an E
2、nglish novel.（answer)4. _(参观完实验室之后）， we were taken to see the library.（visit)5. _ (被告之了很多次), he still made the same mistake. (tell),Being a student,Having answered the letter,Having visited the lab,Having been told many times,Being followed by a stranger,1. -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成,e.g. 不知道他的地址，我只
3、好在家里等着。Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.,_(没有完成) the programme, they had to stay there for another two weeks. (complete),Not having completed,_(没有能完成) his work, he was punished by his boss. (able, finish),Not being able to finish,注意要点,2. 分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一
4、致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。,1. Comparing all the great people with each other, youll find that they have much in common. 2. Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.3. The train having gone, we had to wait another day.,分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的逻辑主语是 t
5、he train。,但是，Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. Supposing you lose, what will you do?Judging from his accent, he must be from the north.,这类现在分词被称之为“悬垂分词/评注性状语”，例如: Given. (给予.的话） , to tell you the truth（说实话）, considering.（考虑到）, supposing (假设), generally(frankly, honestly) speaking
6、, judging from(从判断), talking of, speaking of（谈到).,e.g. His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花.Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。,3.“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。,_(随着时间的推移), mothers hair became grey. (with, go)_(随着时间的推
7、移), mothers hair became grey. (as, go),With time going by/on,As time went by/on,4. 分词短语做状语时, 分词短语和句子之间不能用连词(如but，and)，因为连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分,分词和主句之间可用逗号。,例如: Having been told many times，but he still couldnt understand it. He was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. (Having be
8、en) told many times, he still couldnt understand it.,1. _(看着同学们的脸), I read the same excitement in their eyes. (look)2. Lucy, _(努力找工作) for months, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (struggle)3. The news shocked the public, _(导致了) great concern about students safety at school. (le
9、ad)4. _(没有收到她的来信), I wrote her another one, _(告诉她) what I wanted her to do. (hear, tell)5. The lady walked around the shops, _ (密切关注)for bargains. (keep),Looking at the classmates faces,having struggled to find a job,leading to,Not having heard from her,telling her,keeping an eye out,6. _(从看)the top
10、 of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .(see)7. The lawyer listened with full attention, _(努力不) miss any point (try)8. He had a wonderful childhood, _(旅行) his mother to all corners of the world. (travel)9. _(油漆成) red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very att
11、ractive. (paint)10. _(被困)in the chimney for five hours, the thief looked very pale. (trap),Seen from,trying not to,traveling with,Having been painted/Painted,Having been trapped/Trapped,11. _(听到这个好消息), they jumped with joy. (hear),(Upon/on) Hearing the good news,12._(没有意识到)the mistakes in his test p
12、aper, he didnt do well in the exam. (realize),Not having realized,13. “We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob, _ (朝外看) the window. (look),looking out of,14. He was busy doing his work last night, only _ (停下来)have a cup of tea. (stop),stopping to,15. _(努力学习), youll be admitted to a key university.
13、 (study)16. _(努力学习), and youll be admitted to a key university. (study),Studying hard,Study hard,1. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.,A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,2. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popul
14、ar sport in the world.,A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,Multiple-choice questions,3. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice.,A. angrily pointing B. and point angrilyC. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again.,Not receiving B. Receiving notNot having r
15、eceived D. Having not received,目的状语,结果状语,伴随状语,原因状语,5The missing singer was last seen _ the voice close to the bridge Aexercising Bto be exercising Cexercise Dto exercise6. The directors discussed the project _ the next year Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto be carried out 7._the classroom, t
16、he students went to the playground to watch the football match.A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning 8. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _ Sorry to miss you; I will call you later.“A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading,主语补足语,后置定语,时间状语,伴随状语,9._from what he said,
17、 he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge10. _for the terrible accident, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do. A. Having blamed B. To blame C. Being to be blame D. Being to blame11. We slept with the light_ all night long last night. A. burnt B. to burn C. being burnt D. burning12. _ her mother had come, she smiled. A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. She heard,评注性状语,原因状语,伴随状语,时间状语,