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1、Unit 1 FriendshipWarming Up, Pre-reading and ReadingReading “Annes Best Friend”1. Teaching objectives:1) To develop the students reading ability, learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on;2). To get the students to realize the importance of friends and
2、friendship, and to tell true friends from false friends;3). To grasp some useful words and expressions in this passage, such as on purpose, be crazy about etc.;4). To learn the writing style of this passage.2. Teaching method: Task-based teaching3. Teaching procedures:Step 1.Pre-reading1. Please enj
3、oy three pieces of music and find out what they are about.2. Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?3. What do you know about the World War II?4. Background introductionStep 2 fast reading1. Who is Anne? Who/What was Annes best friend? When and where did the story hap
4、pen?2. fill in the form below.The time of the storyThe place of the storyThe heroine of the storyAnnes best friendThe length of time they hid awayThe date of the diaryStep 3. Careful Reading1. Answer the following questions:Why did Anne made her diary her best friend?What is an ordinary diary like a
5、ccording to Anne? What about her diary?Why was she so crazy about things to do with nature?Why did she stay awake on purpose until very late one evening?Why didnt she dare open the window when the moon was too bright?How do you understand the expressions “spellbound” and “held me entirely in their p
6、owder”?2. Reading to summarise the main idea of each paragraph.Skim the text and summarise the main idea of each paragraph in one sentence.Para. One: Anne made her diary her best friend whom she could tell everything.Para. Two: Annes diary acted as her true friend during the time she and her family
7、had to hide away for a long time.Para. Three: Having been kept indoors for so long, Anne grew so crazy about everything to do with nature.Step 4 Post-reading1. Comprehending exercises (on paper)Time Nature Feeling Before hidingAfter hiding 2. Discuss what kind of feelings of Anne the following words
8、 from the letter imply. wordsAnnes feelingnaturefree, peaceful, relaxedoutdoorsfreecrazyanxious, eager, thirstydidnt darescared, frightenedthundering, entirely, powerhelpless, depressed, lonelyStep5. Activity Four students a group to discuss the situation:Suppose you four have to hide yourselves for
9、 3 months. During the three months, you will be offered the basic food, water and clothes. Your group can take 5 things with you.What will you take? Why?How will you spend the 3 months?How will you treat each other and make friends ?Step 6. Homework1. Review the important words, phrases and difficul
10、t sentences in the text and make sentences using the words given by the teacher.2. Finish Ex.1-3 on p4.Unit 1 FriendshipVocabulary and Useful ExpressionsLearning about languageTeaching aims:1. To discover and learn to use some words and expressions.2. To enable students to rewrite sentences using di
11、rect or indirect speech3. To learn more information about Anne.4. To cultivate the spirit of cooperation, self-teaching and self-exploring.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Revision1. Review something about “Annes best friend” by using some True-or-False sentences1) A friend would laugh at you. F2) Anne li
12、ved in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. T3) She and her family hid away for one year before they were discovered. F4) She kept a diary as others did. F5) She was fond of nature. T6) She stayed awake in the night because she couldnt sleep well. F7) She couldnt go out as she liked. T2
13、. Collect the sentences students think wonderful or difficult to understand.Sample sentences1) She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.2) I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do
14、 with nature.3) There was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.4) The dark, rainy evening ,the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.5) It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night fac
15、e to face.Step 2 Language points1. grow crazy about sth.对狂热,痴迷be crazy about eg. My cousin grows crazy about computer games.2. go through1). To examine carefully 仔细阅读或研究I went through the students papers last night.2). To experience 经历，遭受或忍受You really dont know what we went through while working on
16、this project.3.stay v. to continue to be in a particular state or situatioin系动词，表是状态。后跟名词或形容词，不能用于被动语态和进行时态。eg. He stayed single all his life.4.make/call + O +Noun (as O.C.)5.hide away 6.discover Columbus discovered America in 1492.7. set down: to write down something so that you have a record of it
17、:I want to set down my feelings on paper.Other verbal phrases of “set”set aside: to keep some money or time for a special purposeset off: to start to go somewhere/ to cause a explosionset out: to start a journey/ to talk about something in an organized wayset up: to start an organization/ to build s
18、omething8. ourdoors / indoors Dont stay indoors since the weather is so fine.9. well They speak well of him. Well done.10 on purpose I came here on purpose to see you.11 in order to In order to catch the train , she hurried through her work.12 too much/ much too 13 entirely For him, this will be an
19、entirely new hobby.14 in ones power / out of ones powers15 it was the first/second time that It is the first time that he has been in this city. It was the second time that he had made the same mistakes16 face to face I rushed out of the office and found myself face to face with the boss.17.far adv.
20、 “过于；得多” ,表示程度，经常与too或形容词、副词的比较级连用。eg. She speaks English far better than I. This room is far too warm.cf. very, much, far18. dare 1) modal. v. 多用于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句、whether (if)等名词性从句或有否定意义的句中，后接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化,其时态只有现在时和过去时。否定式在其后加not.eg. How dare he say such a word! If you dare do that again, youll be
21、punished.2) vt. 敢，胆敢。有人称、数和时态的变化。在否定句和疑问句中，dare后的to可保留也可省略。eg. I wonder how he dare to day such words.19happen to do sth.It so (just) happened that不能用于进行时态。eg. I happened to be out when he came. = It so happened that I was out when he came.Unit 1 FriendshipListening, Speaking and WritingStep 1 Appre
22、ciationRead the following poem carefully and write down the pairs of words that rhyme and add more similar rhyming words.Step 2. Pre-writing How to make friends with others?1. Read a letter from a student called Xiaodong. Whats his problem?2. Suppose you were editor, please write your advice to Xiao
23、dong.Discuss in groups of four. Collect your advice to Xiaodong and your attitude.Useful expressions: In my opinion, you should My advice is I think/ believe Im afraid that I advise you to I dont think Dont worry I agree/ I dont agree. I think so./ I dont think so.Step 3 While-writingThis activity e
24、nables students to express their feelings and to help othersIn other words, it gives students a better understanding of how to deal with this common situationThis is as much a role play as a writing activity, so it is important for students to discuss their ideas firstIn this way they can collect th
25、eir ideas, sort them out and prepare to writeAsk the Ss to write a letter to Xiaodong as an editor and give him some advice.1. Ss make a list about the important information that they need.2. Ss begin to write the letter to Xiaodong.3. Ss revise their letters by themselves.4. Ss exchange their writi
26、ng paper with their partners and correct the mistakes. (tense, spelling, letters, structures.) 5. Ss get back their own writing paper and write the letter again.Writing tipsContents (The letter should contain the following points)1. Make an effort to change the situation.2. Start talking to people a
27、bout what you both like.3. Join in peoples discussion.4. Show your interest in their talk.5. Try to make friends with one or two classmates.StructureTopic sentence (your point of view)Body (your advice)Conclusion (your wishes)Tense: As it is a letter, Simple Present Tense will be applied to the writ
28、ing.Connectors: Illustration (阐述)I think, I believe, I suggest, in my opinionAddition（递进）secondly, and then, besides, in addition Contrast（转折）but, however, on the other handSummary(总结)in short, in a word, therefore, soStep 4. Post-writingChoose some students writing paper and show in the class. Ask
29、the Ss to correct the mistakes together and also learn from some good writings.Sample writing:Dear Xiaodong,Some people like talking with others, but some people are shyIf you fall into the second group, it can be hard to make friendsBut you can change the situationWhat are you interested in? If you
30、 like basketball, for example, you could talk with some of your classmates who like basketballThe easiest way to start talking to people is to find something you have in commonIf you are standing beside a group of your classmates, join in their discussion if you know something about the subject they
31、 are discussingBut if you dont, you shouldnt feel afraid to say, for example,” That sounds interesting, what is it about?Once you start talking to one person, it will get easier to talk to othersFind one person you have something in common with, and once you become friends with him, his friends will
32、 start talking to you tooGood luck!EditorHomework: write the compositionUnit 1 FriendshipGrammar and Useful Structures1Teaching objectivesLearn to use direct speech and indirect speech2. Teaching important pointSummarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.3. Teaching difficult pointLearn
33、 about the special cases in which the tenses shouldnt be changed.4. Teaching methodsDiscussing, summarizing and practicing.5. Teaching proceduresStep 1 Warming upWarming up by discovering useful words and expressionsStep 2 PresentationBoys act one cartoon figure and says something.Teacher asks “What
34、 did he/she say?”Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teachers question. Then boys and girls exchange.The shoes are too big for me.What did he say?He said the shoes were too big for himStep 3 GrammarThe students will learn the use of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (statements and que
35、stions). First try to make clear to the students what direct and indirect speech is, with the help of the practice in Step III. Then give them some examples. At last get them to summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (statements and questions). T: In this part, we are to learn the
36、use of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (statements and questions). When do we use Direct Speech and when do we use Indirect Speech?T: Now lets look at these sentences again. If we want to change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, what should be changed?Ss discuss by themselves.Ss: sentence struct
37、ures, tenses, pronouns, adverbials of time and place and verbs should be changed.T: Quite right. Look at the form on the screen. These are the rules.一、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 1.陈述句用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that He said
38、, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 解题步骤:“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont li
39、ke computers . she didntSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.2.一般疑问句 间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are inte
40、rested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 解题步骤:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him ) “It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.”They asked him if it is easy to improve the condition of the soil wasThey asked him if it was easy to
41、 improve the condition of the soil.3.特殊疑问句 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 解题步骤：When
42、do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him ) you harvest the wheatThey asked him When you harvest the wheat. He harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.4.选择疑问句 用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I as
43、ked, “Will you take bus or take train?” 1.正切：I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 的图象可以由yax2的图象平移得到：（利用顶点坐标）二、在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化(一)数与代数1. 注意时态的变化 Direct indirect 推论：平分一般弦（不是直径）的直径垂直于弦，并且平分弦所对的两条弧。Present past1.圆的定义：Past past and past perfect(6）三角形的内切圆、内心.Present perfect past perfect
44、 弓形：弦及所对的弧组成的图形叫做弓形。Past perfect past perfect0 抛物线与x轴有2个交点；2. 注意人称变化。等弧：在同圆或等圆中，能够互相重合的弧叫做等弧。3. 注意指示代词的变化this, these(that, those)推论：平分一般弦（不是直径）的直径垂直于弦，并且平分弦所对的两条弧。4. 注意时间的变化now, today,this week ,yesterday,last week ,four days ago ,the day before yesterday ,tomorrow ,next month(then, that day,that we
45、ek,the day before ,the week before,four days before ,two days before ,the next day,the next month)5. 注意地点的变化here(there)6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化come, bring (go, take)三、谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”The geography teacher to
46、ld us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变The children said, “We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 3. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时 4. 当引语是谚语、格言时5. 当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ough