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1、冠词专项改错作者:日期：一、冠词残缺(一)缺少不定冠词a/an单数可数泛指某一不确定的人或事物 ,应加不定冠词a/an.单数名词有形容词修饰的,冠词放 在形容词前面,而非名词前面.冠词后的名词或者形容词首音为辅音的,加a;单词首音为元音的,加an.注意：有些单词首字母是兀音字母,但首音并不发兀音的,其前的不定冠词要用a.如：uni v e r sity, usef u l, u s ua 1 ,Europ e (首音均发半元音j ) , o n e(首音为w)有些单词首字母是辅音字母,但首音却发元音的,其前的不定冠词an.如：hour, hon est,hono rabl e , un us
2、u a 11、冠词后的名词前有形容词的情形(此种情形由于被分割,很容易忽略,考得也最多):(2 013 O 1) It is s u ch g r eat hot e l t h at I would r ec om m end i t t o an y f rie n d of m e wh ois g o ing to Bei j ing.(2 0 1002) In other wor d s, we w oul d b e sepa r a te d long tim e.(2 0 0 7 O2)I m e a n t t o writ e 1 o n g 1e tt e r an d
3、te II you all the th i n g s Iz m d oing at scho o 1 ,but the b ell was ri ng ing, so I jus t have to s t ophere.(2 0 05O3 I ho p e yo u veh ad p lea sa nt jo u rney homea n d wil 1 c ome to Ch in a aga in s omet im es in t h e f u t u re.(20 0 2 0 2) A s eve r yonek nows . it s famous moun tain wit
4、hallkindsof plantsand ani ma1. (2000 春) Ill take this c h a n ce w i shyou wonderful tim eonyour birt h d a y.2、冠词后的名词前无形容词的情形：I f y ou d 1 ik e to make tri p to o u r cit y so me d ay, I w ill be b e tter t h an h a p py t o be yo u r gu id e.( 2 0 0 402) I,m s u re th ey will l a ugh to me a n d s
5、e e me a s f o o l.(20 1 0O1) The r e was Un cle Ch en, gen tlema n livi n g near my h o us e ,w ho wa s a very much famous w rite r .3、注意固定词组中的冠词不能缺少.(2021N1) As res ult, th e p l a n t s are growing somewhere.4. 在s uc h或so +形容词与单数可数名词连用时 ,不可缺a (a n ).如：He is such A ( a n) h o n es t boy that al 1
6、o f us l ike him. Th i s is s o good A (a) book that I r ea d i t a gain.5. 表示有些时,1i ttle, few 前面不可缺少 a.如：Don t hu rr y. There i s A (a ) l it tle tim e le f t.6. many 前有 g re a t, g oo d 时,要力口 a.女口 : A (a ) gre at many p eop 1 e. 假设 man y 后 接单数名词,中间须有 a (an).女口 :Many A (a) man h as t r ied i t be f
7、o re.7. 一些不可数名词前,有形容词修饰表示“一种(场)等时,要加a (an).如：It s A (a) f a mo us Ch i ne se te a . Ther e wasA (a) h eavy rai n last n ight.8.用专有名词表示“一个像(叫)的人时,用a (an ),如：H e wi shed to be A (a) Le i F e ng. A (A) M r W an g called y o u u p just n ow.(二)缺少定冠词th e1. 特指某一个人或者事物,特指某一些人或事物(即说话者和听话者都知道的人或者事物),名词前须用定冠词
8、 th e加以限定.测试题中的特指线索：一是前文已提到过的人或者事物,二是已有专有名词修饰.但假设名词前已有等限定词或者修饰语时,那么不能再加定冠词了.特指某一个人或者事物：(202102) As a re sult, n obo dy knew trut h.(2 013 N 2) T h is cu sto m soon becom e s a n o t h er m e al of day .(2021O2)J us t b efore I tu r n e d c orner o f Par k S t re e t , I hap pen e d to see a n a c c
9、id e n t.(2 0 08O 2 )Seco n d, I will l ear n m o re ab ou t h ist o ry of the Oly mpic s a s g o od a s t he2 0 0 8 O l ympic Gam e s.(1998 Each p la ye r m us t obey cap t a in , who i s th e l ead e r of the team.特指某一些人或者事物：(20 1 1 O 1) O ne of my un f orgettable me mory of m y s choo l in Xi nji
10、 ang is t h a t of lun c heswe bro u ght f r om o u r hom es.2. “形容词比拟级 + of the tw o前必须用 the.如： H e i s A (t h e ) be tte r on e o f the two .二、冠词多余1 .在一些固定短语或者词组中,有些名词即使是可数名词,其前面也没有不定冠词.这可 能是由于习惯使然.(N MET 2 000) Sud denly, I caugh t a s i ght of m y English t e ach e r i n th e cro w d.(2 0 13 年N
11、I) In a fa ct , he even scared m y classmates aw ay during t hey c ame ove r to p lay o r do h om ework wit h.2.与介词 at, in , to连用的名词 school, c la s s, tow n , hosp i ta l , chu r ch , p r ison, b e d等表示与其有关的活动时,用冠词是多余的.如： go t o the school(上学),be i n t h e p r ison(坐牢),be in the b ed (在睡觉):by th3.与b
12、 y连用的交通工具名称和air, la nd, sea等名词前用冠词是多余的.如e bike, by t he se a, by the trai npla y the / a volley b al 1 , pl a4表示游戏活动而不是表示游戏工具的名词前不用冠词.如:y the c h e ss, play the table ten n is5由专有名词+普通名词构成的专有名词前不用定冠词.如：th e Be ijing Airport, the Oxfo rd Str e et, the H y d e Park6. 在一些固定搭配中.女口:a t the f i r s t, at
13、t h e 1a st, the m o s t of us7. most作非常解时,前面用t h e是多余的.如：Oh ! It s th e most beauti f ul!S he is t h e most d i li g en t .8. 含有Day的节日前加th e是多余的.如：th e Ma y Day , th e Wom en s Day, the Natio n a 1 day , t he N ew Ye a r s Day9. 在名词+ as / thou g h结构中,名词前不用任何冠词.如：a ch i ld as he is /af oo l a s he i
14、s三、错词：不定冠词和定冠词之间的误用在短文中首次的单数可数名词,泛指一个事物时,须用不定冠词a.A n Amer i can a n d a Fren c h m a n d eci d ed to cro s s the s ea b et w een France and E ngland in the b a lloon in 1 7 8 4 .前文已提到过的人或者事物,须有定冠词t he加以限定.Ma ny countr i es i n the w o rld f i n d t h ey don t hav e e n o ugh wate r. To de a l wit h
15、a pr o ble m , I th ink, we sh oul d f i rst go al l out to pl an t tree s because t r ees will h el p sa ve w a t e r.已有sa me修饰的名词,须有定冠词t he加以限定.W e m ay be one famil y and live un d er a same ro o f, but we do not seem to g e t m u ch ti me to t a l k a b o ut tog e ther.四、冠词和代词、数词之间的误用My te ac he
16、r a d v i sed me t o ke ep m y diary. keep a diar y 是一个固定词组 ,记日记; 而k eep my diar y意思是保存我的日记 S ome wan t e d to s e e the p r o gra m me whil e others p r e f e rred a n oth er. o n eano ther也是固定搭配,二者往往成对出现.真题单句归纳1 Aft er a hour o r so we b e g an to fe el very fr i gh te n ed.a改为a n,因ho ur读音以元音开头全国卷
17、 I decided t o cli m b the tre e to s e e wher e we w ere.the改为a,因此处并非特指,而是泛指全国卷3 Som e p eop l e r e a d the b o oks o r watch televis i on wh ile others hav e spo r ts.去掉t he,因这里的books表泛指,不表特指全国卷4 Go od h e al t h i s pe r sons m ost v a 1 uable p o ss ess io n.p ersons前加a,这里的a表泛指全国卷5 Mo d e r n p
18、 eo p le know m o r e about t h e healt h , have be t ter food, a nd liv e in clearer s u rround i ngs.去掉 t he,因 he a lth 表泛指全国卷6 There i s pub 1i c libr ary in every tow n in Bri t ai n.public lib rar y前加a,因这里的 pu b lic li b rar y是单数可数名词表泛指,故在其前用a全国卷7Maybe y ou could come d uri n g a wi n ter holid
19、ays .a改为the,因从含义上看,此处的wi n ter holid ay s属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的全国卷8 T oday I visit e d t h e Smit hs m y fi rst visit t o a Am er ic an fa mily.a改为 a n,因A m er ican的读音以元音开头 全国卷9 Each player must obe y capta in, wh o i s the le a der of th e team.capt ai n前加冠词the, c apt a in为特指全国卷10 S om e want ed t o se e t
20、 he pr o g r am me while ot h ers p r e ferred a n other.t he改为o n e, o ne与下一行的 an other构成一个另一个 全国卷11 I l 1 tak e th is cha nee to wish you w o n de r ful t i me on yo ur bi r thd a y.won d erful前加a,该表达与 have a goo d t i me类似,其中的 a不可省北京春季 卷12 Sud d en 1 y, I caught a si ght of m y Eng l i sh te a ch
21、er in t h e c r o wd.去掉a, ca tch s ight of是习语,意为看见、瞥见全国卷13 For exam ple, w hen I was a child, th e r a in w as a mys tery 奥秘.去掉 th e , r ain 在此泛指北京春季卷 14 We ma y be one fam i ly a nd l i ve un d e r a same r o of.a改为the,因sam e前应用定冠词全国卷1 5 As eve ry on e kno ws, its famous mountain with all k i nds o
22、f pla n t s and a ni m als.在f a mous前加a,注意 mo u ntain是单数可数名词全国卷1 6 My teach e r a dvis e d m e to ke e p m y d i ary .my d iary改为a di a ry ,k ee p a d ia r y意为写日记全国卷17Wh en I was boy , t h e most exc iti n g th in g was t o c elebra t e th e Spr i n g Fe stival.boy前加a,因bo y为可数名词江苏卷18An d every year
23、m o r e an d mo r e peop 1 e st a rt a stam p coll e c t io n o f t h ei r o wn a nd di s co ver ani n t e rest whi ch ca n eve n last lifetime.1 ifetime 前加a,指人的一生是 a lifet i me浙江卷19 Ten m in utes l a ter, t h e f ireme n came an d p u t ou t fi r e.fi r e前加t he,因这是特指的一场火灾 福建卷20 As w e all l e ft ho
24、m e a t early a ge,early前加a n, at a n ear l y age意为在年幼时天津卷21 M y g ran dma was the b e st coo k e r i n t h e wo r1 d but c ould m ake the mo st de 1 ici o u s di s h e s.c o o ker改为c o ok,比拟：co ok =炊事员,cooke r =炊具江苏卷模拟单句演练(1 ) Her sist e r, w h o is nurse, w i 1 l marr y one of t he doctors i n th
25、e h o spital. (2) I t was su ch wo nd e r f ul di nner t h a t w e enj o y e d it ve ry mu c h. (3) It wa s rai nin g hard , so I h ad t o borrow a umbr e lla.(4) My f r ie n d Mar y co m e s fro m an E uro p ean country. (5) Mr Smith u sed to b e physics tea c her t i ll he tu r n e d w r ite r . (
26、6)I n sm al 1 vil 1 age l i ke this , e veryb ody kno w s e v er y b od y else .(7 ) On 1y f ew of t h e childr en c an re a dsuch boo k s. (8) For longti m e nei t h er o f u s spok e to e ach ot h er. (9) Lo ok, agirl in blu e i s my cou sin.(10) Lo o k!A car has stopped th ere. A ca r isbeau t if
27、ul. (11) She a ske dw het her we c a me f r om a s ame ci ty .(1 2) The mo un t a in w as cov e r e d with th e sno w a 11 t he ye a r r ou n d. (1 3 ) You d on t know wh a t wonderful t i me w e ve had.(14) Peop l e mad e th e fu n o f h e r b e ca u se she wor e su c h s trang e clot h es. (1 5 )
28、S oo n t h e plane was out of the si gh t.(16) G r eat cha nges h ave take n t h e p 1a ce in m y h o metow n s in ce 1 9 78. ( 1 7) In th e w ord, he is a g oo d stu d ent and a 1 l of u s like h i m.(18 ) Y ou s a y you t ook t h e bo o k wi t h o ut h is p ermi s sio n. In the ot h er w or d s, y
29、ou st o le it.少冠词1. T his i s s o i mp o rta n t mee t ing t h at ev e r y o n e mus t a tte n d it. 2. T h e meet i n g t u r ne d out t o b e failure. 3. I will ca 11 on G r eens this eve ning.4 . In 1 980 s, m an y f a rmers rushed in t ot he c i t i es to try th eir lu c k.5.Sheis more beau t i
30、fu l of the t wi ns . 6. P le asepass m e pe n on thed e sk.7. I fo u n d a no teb o ok a nd p e ncil wh e n th edoor o pened . 8 . What he wan tedto doat t ha t ti m e wa s to have big dinne r . 9. What won derf u 1 t im e you had at t he party!10. We w e n t to Su m m e r Palace y este r day.冠词模拟单
31、句演练【参考答案】(1) nurse前加a,因nur se为可数名词.(2 ) such后加a,di nner受形容词修饰时,其前通常要加不定冠词.(3) a改为an ,因umb r e 11 a的读音以元音开头.(4) an改为a,因 E uropean的读音不是以元音开头.(5) phys i cs前加a,因t eache r为可数名词.sm all前加a,因v i l 1 a g e为可数名词,在句中表泛指.(7) few前加a,因其前有on1y修饰,即习惯上说o n ly a f ew.(8 ) Ion g前加a, a Ion g time意为很长一段时间.(9) a改为t h e,此
32、处为特指用法.(1 0 )第二个A改为T he,特指前面已提到的事物.(1 1) a改为t h e,因same前习惯上用定冠词,不用不定冠词.(12)去掉the,在此snow为泛指用法.(1 3) w on derf ul 前加 a,因 h ave a wondeful time 为习惯表达.(1 4)去掉 the,因mak e fun o f为习语,意为取笑 .(15)去掉th e,因o ut of si g h t为习语意为看 不见.(16 )去掉t h e,因take pla c e为习语,意为发生.(17) the改为a,因in a word为习语,意为总之、一句话 .(1 8)去掉t
33、 h e,因in o th e r w o rds为习语,意为换句话说.少冠词 解析：1 . m eeti n g 前加不定冠词 a.2. fail u re前加不定冠词 a.当f ail u re表具体所指时,应加a.3. Gree ns前加定冠词t heot he Gre ens表格林一家 .4. 198 0s前加定冠词 the.年代前面要加t h e.1 05. more前加t he.当比拟范围比拟明确时,需加定冠词t he.6 . pen前加th e.表特指.7. p encil前加a.no te book和pe nc il为并列成份.后面的不定冠词不能省略. 8 . big前 加a.dinner习惯上不加冠词. 但当dinner前面有修饰词限定时,要加a.9. won d e r fu 1前 面要加a.10. Summ er P a l a ce 前加 t h e.the Summe r Palac e(颐和园)为固定搭配.