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1、新课标人教版初中七年级地理下册期末试题附答案第I卷(选择题 共70分) 一、选择题(共70分) (一)单项选择题:本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 读某日西半球光照示意图,图1,AB为晨昏线回答1，3题: 1(若该日A点正午太阳高度为45?，则该地纬度为 A(66.5?N B(70?N C(67.5?N D(65?N 2(下列四个城市中，与其它三个城市日期不同的是 A(惠灵顿 B(伦敦 C(北京 D(纽约 3(在未来半个月内，下列现象不可能出现的是 A(太阳直射点先北移然后南移 B(悉尼夜长和昼长之差达一年中最大值 图1 C(雅加达正
2、午太阳高度先变大再变小 D(北极圈上出现极昼现象 读经纬网图,图2,完成4，6题: 4(p2与p3 两地的判断 A(p2 在东半球，p3在西半球 B(p2 与p3日期相差一天 C(p2与p3两地在雨季吹的风向相同 D(p2的昼长与p3的夜长相等 图2 5(p1与p2 两地的判断 A(p1 与p2附近产生气候差异的主要原因是大气环流 B(p1地区宜发展技术指向型工业，p2附近地区宜发展廉价劳动力指向型工业 C(p1与p2附近地区农业景观相同 D(p1与p2附近海区洋流成因相同，性质相同 6(有一艘船于2003年12月24日上午17点钟(p1所在地区时)由p1附近港口出发，于2004年1月25日1
3、7点(p4所在地区时)到达p4附近海域，下列说法正确的是 A(沿途海区盐度值先变高再变低 B(船上旗杆正午的影长先变长，然后再变短 C(船在航行途中能接受到太阳的直射 D(船的航行时间是整32天 7(巴黎市区高级住宅区集中在城市西部，低级住宅区集中在城市东部，造成这种现象的主要原因是 A(地形 B(塞纳河的流向 C(风向 D(地质基础 8(读图3，从山峰向下望，将不能看见的点是 A(A点 B(B点 C(C点 adapt to the concept, mode and method of work, establish economic underdeveloped, responsibili
4、ty in my idea, inappropriate spectator. Council formulated the 50 measures, the city at all levels of public security organs or folding not withhold had caught carry out fulfil, especially the windows service units to earnestly honor their commitment. To do it right away, the speed and efficiency of
5、 practical action for the broad masses of the people more satisfied. Inspector detachment to jointly with the police department, 50 measures for the implementation of the carry out a full range of supervision and inspection. To improve the quality of police enforcement and business skills, further e
6、nhance the level of law enforcement. To adhere to the rapid and reliable alarming, trying to make 110 Alarming and fast 1 minute, with good working attitude and norms of law enforcement behavior to the satisfaction of the masses. Is a systems engineering, needs the joint efforts of all the police, i
7、mprove the masses of 110 alarming, investigating and handling cases of satisfaction. To spare no efforts to carry out large reciprocal work, this is we improve group Public security and satisfaction of the golden key. Since the May 2013, the Municipal Public Security Bureau by means of information f
8、or all with the public security organs dealing with, masses visits, found in a timely manner, to rectify the problem, to realize the people a sense of security and satisfaction of successive lifting. The visit must be taken seriously, a bit can not be sloppy, to the problem of finding promptly resol
9、ved, is strictly prohibited for fraud on the surface of the achievements. To return to each individual, trying to make the people from the bottom of 图3 D(D点 读图4回答9，11题。 9(就纬度而言，图中臭氧总量的极小值出现在 A(赤道附近上空 B(北半球中高纬度上空 C(南极上空 D(北冰洋上空 10(就季节而言，图中南北半球臭氧含量的极大值均出现在 A(夏季 B(冬季 C(春季 D(秋季 11(臭氧含量的减少，对地球的影响主要是 A(吸收
10、紫外线能力减弱，导致全球气温下降 B(危害人体健康以及农林牧渔业生产 C(导致海面上升，危害沿海地区 D(扰乱电离层，使无线电短波通讯中断 图5中有四条山脉分析判断12，15题 图4 图5 12(属于长江流域和其它流域的分界的 A.? B.? C.? D.? 13(山脉两侧体现由沿海向内陆的地域分异的是 A.? B.? C.? D.? 14(垂直自然带数目的最多的是 A.? B.? C.? D.? 15(山脉附近地区需要加强水土保持的是 A.? B.? C.? D. ? 读图6完成16，18题。 16(与?自然带更替相似的是 A(? B(? C(? D(? 17(气候形成过程中，受非地带性因素
11、影响较大的是 A(?、?两地 B(?、?两地 C(?、?两地 D(?、?两地 18(?、?、?三地气候 图6 A(类型相同，成因不同 B(类型不同，成因不同 C(类型不同，成因相同 D(类型相同，成因相同 adapt to the concept, mode and method of work, establish economic underdeveloped, responsibility in my idea, inappropriate spectator. Council formulated the 50 measures, the city at all levels of p
12、ublic security organs or folding not withhold had caught carry out fulfil, especially the windows service units to earnestly honor their commitment. To do it right away, the speed and efficiency of practical action for the broad masses of the people more satisfied. Inspector detachment to jointly wi
13、th the police department, 50 measures for the implementation of the carry out a full range of supervision and inspection. To improve the quality of police enforcement and business skills, further enhance the level of law enforcement. To adhere to the rapid and reliable alarming, trying to make 110 A
14、larming and fast 1 minute, with good working attitude and norms of law enforcement behavior to the satisfaction of the masses. Is a systems engineering, needs the joint efforts of all the police, improve the masses of 110 alarming, investigating and handling cases of satisfaction. To spare no effort
15、s to carry out large reciprocal work, this is we improve group Public security and satisfaction of the golden key. Since the May 2013, the Municipal Public Security Bureau by means of information for all with the public security organs dealing with, masses visits, found in a timely manner, to rectif
16、y the problem, to realize the people a sense of security and satisfaction of successive lifting. The visit must be taken seriously, a bit can not be sloppy, to the problem of finding promptly resolved, is strictly prohibited for fraud on the surface of the achievements. To return to each individual,
17、 trying to make the people from the bottom of 19(下列各组水域盐度值差别不大的是 A(塔里木盆地的湖泊、长江中下游地区的湖泊 B(非洲大陆与阿拉伯半岛间的海域、非洲大陆与欧洲大陆间的海域 C(在开罗附近入海的河流、在上海附近入海的河流 D(密西西比河河口附近海域与外海 中国的资源型城市正在经历着痛苦的转型。回答20，22题: 20(下列城市属于资源型城市的是 A(石家庄 B(西安 C(阜新 D(拉萨 (二)双项选择题:本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有两项是符合题目要求的。每小题全选对者得3分，只选一项且选对者得
18、1分，其余情况均不得分。 21(资源型城市在发展过程中出现的主要环境问题是 A(绿地面积小 B(污染严重 C(土地资源遭到破坏 D(浪费矿产资源 22(“矿竭城不衰”，煤城阜新将转型目标锁定“现代农业”，其主要依据是 A(矿区有大量废地，人均土地资源丰富 B(交通条件优越 C(现代农业市场前景广阔 D(国家政策的支持 23(图7表示钢铁工业区位选择的历史发展，可以看出引起钢铁工业区位选择变化的两个主要因素 图7 A(冶炼技术的发展 B(钢材运费上涨C(交通运输业的发展 D(煤炭、铁矿石开采量增大 24(下表为部分地区工业用水比较表，该表反应出 水价 有效利用(元/吨) 率(%) 广州地区 0.
19、2 33 京津地区 1.5 52 日本东京 14 87 A(东京的水资源最紧缺 B(我国水资源污染程度低于日本 C(低廉的水价是造成水资源浪费的重要原因 D(日本的节水技术与意识强于我国 25(7月份受副热带高气压控制的地区 A(最冷月气温在0?以上 B( 农业生产以水稻种植业为主 C(植被可能是森林、草原、荒漠 D(不能接受太阳直射 adapt to the concept, mode and method of work, establish economic underdeveloped, responsibility in my idea, inappropriate spectato
20、r. Council formulated the 50 measures, the city at all levels of public security organs or folding not withhold had caught carry out fulfil, especially the windows service units to earnestly honor their commitment. To do it right away, the speed and efficiency of practical action for the broad masse
21、s of the people more satisfied. Inspector detachment to jointly with the police department, 50 measures for the implementation of the carry out a full range of supervision and inspection. To improve the quality of police enforcement and business skills, further enhance the level of law enforcement.
22、To adhere to the rapid and reliable alarming, trying to make 110 Alarming and fast 1 minute, with good working attitude and norms of law enforcement behavior to the satisfaction of the masses. Is a systems engineering, needs the joint efforts of all the police, improve the masses of 110 alarming, in
23、vestigating and handling cases of satisfaction. To spare no efforts to carry out large reciprocal work, this is we improve group Public security and satisfaction of the golden key. Since the May 2013, the Municipal Public Security Bureau by means of information for all with the public security organ
24、s dealing with, masses visits, found in a timely manner, to rectify the problem, to realize the people a sense of security and satisfaction of successive lifting. The visit must be taken seriously, a bit can not be sloppy, to the problem of finding promptly resolved, is strictly prohibited for fraud
25、 on the surface of the achievements. To return to each individual, trying to make the people from the bottom of 自1996年以来世界排名第一的沃尔玛公司先后在我国深圳、大连等地建立了沃尔玛购物广场、山好会员店、沃尔玛社区店等形成的分店20多家,见下表,。据此回答26，27题。 26(山姆会员店和部分沃尔玛购物广场分布在城市的边缘地区，其考虑的主要区位因素是 A(土地租金低 B(劳动力丰富且廉价 C(交通方便 D(附近的居民购买力强 27(沃尔玛经营理念“顾客第一”为中国很多零售企业所
26、学习，这反映出 A(科技成为推动企业发展的重要动力 B(文化扩散有利于文化的发展和繁荣 C(这种文化扩散是一种传染扩散 D(这种文化扩散属于等级扩散 图8为我国某河流示意图分析完成28，29题。 28(该河 A(有较长的结冰期 B(在800mm等降水量线以南 C(流域内多涝洼地 D(流域内主要经济作物甜菜 29(治理该河流域洪涝灾害的根本措施是 A(在受灾地区大力植树造林，防止水土流失 图8 B(在上、中游修建蓄洪水库 C(重灾区大规模移民，并不再布局大、中型企业 D(在下游疏浚并增加泄洪通道 30(下列地理现象与交通运输条件的变化有关的是 A(海南岛成为北京的蔬菜基地 B(五大湖地区的乳畜带
27、 C(假日旅游的人们出游距离越来越远 D(区域经济一体化 第?卷(综合题 共80分) 二、综合题(本大题共5小题，满分80分) 31(图9为我国东部地区土地利用变化图，读图完成(12分) adapt to the concept, mode and method of work, establish economic underdeveloped, responsibility in my idea, inappropriate spectator. Council formulated the 50 measures, the city at all levels of public sec
28、urity organs or folding not withhold had caught carry out fulfil, especially the windows service units to earnestly honor their commitment. To do it right away, the speed and efficiency of practical action for the broad masses of the people more satisfied. Inspector detachment to jointly with the po
29、lice department, 50 measures for the implementation of the carry out a full range of supervision and inspection. To improve the quality of police enforcement and business skills, further enhance the level of law enforcement. To adhere to the rapid and reliable alarming, trying to make 110 Alarming a
30、nd fast 1 minute, with good working attitude and norms of law enforcement behavior to the satisfaction of the masses. Is a systems engineering, needs the joint efforts of all the police, improve the masses of 110 alarming, investigating and handling cases of satisfaction. To spare no efforts to carr
31、y out large reciprocal work, this is we improve group Public security and satisfaction of the golden key. Since the May 2013, the Municipal Public Security Bureau by means of information for all with the public security organs dealing with, masses visits, found in a timely manner, to rectify the pro
32、blem, to realize the people a sense of security and satisfaction of successive lifting. The visit must be taken seriously, a bit can not be sloppy, to the problem of finding promptly resolved, is strictly prohibited for fraud on the surface of the achievements. To return to each individual, trying t
33、o make the people from the bottom of 图9 (1)本区农业生产结构发生重大变化的主要原因是( ) A(人类使用电冰箱，破坏臭氧层，导致本区气候变暖 B(现代工业的发展，大气中CO含量的增加，导致本区气候变暖 2C(国家注重调整当地的农业生产结构 D(当地居民为了脱贫致富，采取了调整农业结构的措施 (2)在图中量得王村到张庄的水平距离为3cm，则本图的比例尺约为( ) A(1,240000 B(1,100000 C(1,60000 D(1,30000 (3)2050年以后，本区的土壤性质可能发生变化，变化的原因主要是,。 (4)2050年以后，本区河流的水文特
34、征可能发生什么变化? (5)2050年以后，本区的陆地自然带可能发生什么变化? (6)“2050年土地利用规划图”中一月份0?等温线在王村以西向南弯曲，分析弯曲的原因。 32(分析我国某地气温、年降水量随海拔高度变化图(图10)，回答下列问题:(14分) ?无论冬夏，气温都随海拔高度升高而,，每升1千米，气温平均下降,?。夏季的变幅比冬季要,。 ?该地年降水量随海拔升高的变化规律是,，其水汽主要来自,洋。 ?该地南部地带的气候类型是,，该地最有可能是,山区，判断依据是:,。 图10 ?特殊的地理环境，使该地蕴藏极其丰富的,(能源)，南部河谷地带也是我国,(热带经济作物)的生产基地，在,(粮食作
35、物)的种植上，具有明显的,地带性差异。 adapt to the concept, mode and method of work, establish economic underdeveloped, responsibility in my idea, inappropriate spectator. Council formulated the 50 measures, the city at all levels of public security organs or folding not withhold had caught carry out fulfil, especial
36、ly the windows service units to earnestly honor their commitment. To do it right away, the speed and efficiency of practical action for the broad masses of the people more satisfied. Inspector detachment to jointly with the police department, 50 measures for the implementation of the carry out a ful
37、l range of supervision and inspection. To improve the quality of police enforcement and business skills, further enhance the level of law enforcement. To adhere to the rapid and reliable alarming, trying to make 110 Alarming and fast 1 minute, with good working attitude and norms of law enforcement
38、behavior to the satisfaction of the masses. Is a systems engineering, needs the joint efforts of all the police, improve the masses of 110 alarming, investigating and handling cases of satisfaction. To spare no efforts to carry out large reciprocal work, this is we improve group Public security and
39、satisfaction of the golden key. Since the May 2013, the Municipal Public Security Bureau by means of information for all with the public security organs dealing with, masses visits, found in a timely manner, to rectify the problem, to realize the people a sense of security and satisfaction of succes
40、sive lifting. The visit must be taken seriously, a bit can not be sloppy, to the problem of finding promptly resolved, is strictly prohibited for fraud on the surface of the achievements. To return to each individual, trying to make the people from the bottom of ?该地区的地形特征和,、,等地质灾害的存在，制约着该地区,的发展，影响了该
41、地区与外界的联系。 33(读德国示意图(图11)，完成下列要求:(18分) ?在图中填注莱茵河和多瑙河。分析莱茵河航运业发达的原因。 ?从图中可以看出，德国的交通运输网主要由,和,构成。 ?用图例A在图上圈出鲁尔区。城市a、b的名称分别是,、,。 ?完成下表的比较。 图11 工业区类型 主要工业部门 优越条件 企业规模 两者空间的关系 鲁尔区 城市a、b 34(图12是副高季节活动与我国夏季东部雨带关系示意图，粗线表示副高所在位置，阴影部分表示雨带的大致位置，分析回答:(10分) ?当江淮地区进入“梅雨”季节时，副高位于,，从图中可以看出，雨带与副高的位置关系是,。 ?简要说明副高北移为什么推
42、动了雨带北移, ?伏旱天气受,(天气系统)影响，秋高气爽的天气与,(天图12 气系统)有关。 ?简述春旱和伏旱出现的地区及对农业生产的影响。 35(设立经济开发区是近若干年来我国各地为了吸引资金，发展经济的重要措施。材料:南京化学工业园区是我国重要的现代石化产业基地，主要发展石油与天然气化工、基本有机adapt to the concept, mode and method of work, establish economic underdeveloped, responsibility in my idea, inappropriate spectator. Council formula
43、ted the 50 measures, the city at all levels of public security organs or folding not withhold had caught carry out fulfil, especially the windows service units to earnestly honor their commitment. To do it right away, the speed and efficiency of practical action for the broad masses of the people mo
44、re satisfied. Inspector detachment to jointly with the police department, 50 measures for the implementation of the carry out a full range of supervision and inspection. To improve the quality of police enforcement and business skills, further enhance the level of law enforcement. To adhere to the r
45、apid and reliable alarming, trying to make 110 Alarming and fast 1 minute, with good working attitude and norms of law enforcement behavior to the satisfaction of the masses. Is a systems engineering, needs the joint efforts of all the police, improve the masses of 110 alarming, investigating and ha
46、ndling cases of satisfaction. To spare no efforts to carry out large reciprocal work, this is we improve group Public security and satisfaction of the golden key. Since the May 2013, the Municipal Public Security Bureau by means of information for all with the public security organs dealing with, ma
47、sses visits, found in a timely manner, to rectify the problem, to realize the people a sense of security and satisfaction of successive lifting. The visit must be taken seriously, a bit can not be sloppy, to the problem of finding promptly resolved, is strictly prohibited for fraud on the surface of the achievements. To return to each individual, trying to make the people from the bottom of 化工原料、精细化工、高分子材料、生命医药、新型化工材料六大领域的系列产品，园内有中国石化集团扬子石化公司等多家化工企业。根据所给材料，完成下列要求:(26分) (1)目前江苏省的经济开发区主要分布在_地区，目前我国的经济开发区主要是由于共同利用_而集聚在一起。 抛物线的顶点在(0，0)，对称轴是y轴(或称直线x0)。(2)南京化学工业园区建在图中位置是否合理