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1、#高中英语语法系列介词#高中英语语法系列 介词come across 偶然遇见， 发现 die from 死于 look after; 照料 suffer from 遭受 name after 以的名字命名 date from 起源于 day after day; 日复一日地 separatefrom 使与分开 after all; 毕竟 tell from . 把和区别开 run after 追求;在后面跑 from the beginning 从一开试始 at once; 马上 from now on 从现在起 at first; 开始时 from time to time 不时的 at
2、present 现在 from then on 从那时起 at the entrance to 在的入口处 from to 从到 at the mercy of ; 在.的支配下 far from 远离;远非 at breakfast 早餐时 in all 总计 at one time 以前;曾经 in fact 事实上 throw at 向.扔去 in public 公开的 point at 把.对准 in the air 在空中 work hard at 努力学 in modern times 现代，近代 run across 跑过偶然遇见 in a hurry 匆忙的 by accide
3、nt/by chance 偶然 in battle 在战斗中 by mistake 由于疏忽所致 in space 在宇宙中 one by one 一个一个地 in place of 代替 by the side of 在.的附近 in future 在今后 little by little 一点一点地 in time 及时 by the end of 到末为止 in ones opinion 依某人看来 step by step 一步一步地 in front of 在看来 by sea 由海路 in this way 以这种方式 day by day 日复一日地 in a short whi
4、le 不久 judgeby 通过判断 in charge of 主管，负责 side by side 并肩 in search of 寻找 learn.by 记住 in a word 总而言之 head for 开往，前往 in other words 换句话说 for sale 待售 in place 在适当的位置 prepare for 为做好准备 in the past 在过去 for ones good 为某人好 in debt 欠帐，欠债 stand for 代表 in case 如果，万一 for oneself 为自己，对自己来说 in that case 假如那样的话 look
5、 out for 警戒，当心 in the future 将来 for free 免费 in turn 轮流 go in for 喜欢 in a flash 一刹那 take sb. for 把误当作 once in a while 偶尔 for sale 待售 in praise of 称赞，歌颂 for ones good 为某人好 in need of 需要 for oneself 为某人自己;亲自 in honour of 为向.表示敬意，为了纪念 for the time being 目前;暂时 be interested in 对有兴趣 for free 免费 be rich in
6、 富含 ask for 询问;向要 be in love with 与相爱 for sb.s sake 为某人的缘故 fall in love with 爱上 prevent/stop/keepfrom 使免于 join in 参与 第 1 页 共 4 页 take part in 参加 pay attention to 注意 takein ones arms 把抱在怀里 see to 负责 put in prison 把投进监狱 look forward to 盼望 take pride in 以为自豪 lead to 导致;通向 get in touch with 与取得联系 refer
7、to 谈及;参阅，涉及 succeed in doing 成功的做 be/get used to 习惯于 of course 当然 stick to 坚持 because of 由于，因为 set fire to 放火，点火 be short of 缺乏 burnto the ground 把烧毁 of ones own 某人自己的 compared to 连接;相连 die of 死于 get down to 开始认真做 rob sb. of 抢走某人某物 sentence to death 判处死刑 talk of 谈及 belong to 属于 be made up of 由组成 mak
8、e to ones own measure依某人的尺寸做 be made of 由制成 come to oneself 苏醒过来 on duty 值日，值班 come to 共计;达到;涉及到 on watch 在警戒 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 on holiday 度假 get close to 接近 on a visit 在访问中 beat to death 打死 on fire 着火了 say “Hi” to 向问好 on board 在船上 help oneself to 自取，随便吃，擅自取用 on average 按平均记算 agree to 同意
9、on the air 在播送 turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 on the radio 通过广播 set an example to sb. 为某人树立榜样 on the other hand 另一方面 devote to 把奉献给 on ones own 独立的 give birth to 生产 on the telephone 在电话中 prefer to 比较喜欢而不喜欢 on time 准时 fall to pieces 崩溃，倒塌 on the point of doing 正要做某事 to ones surprise(joy) 另吃惊/高兴 play a tr
10、ick on 捉弄某人 to the east/north of 在以东 agree on 商定，达成共识 according to 根据 spend on 在上花费时间 thanks to 由于，辛亏 congratulate on 祝贺 add to 增加 live on 靠生活 add sth. to sth. else 把加到上 call on 拜访，号召 add up to 加起来总和是 depend on 依靠 compare with 把与作比较 out of work 失业了 deal with 处理，对付，论及 out of order (机器)损坏了 do with 处理
11、out of breath 气喘吁吁 connect with 与相连 out of date 过时 along with 随同 knock out of 从敲出来 together with 和一起 get out of 从出去，逃避 catch up with 赶上 over the telephone 通过电话 have a word with 与说句话 all over 遍及，全 keep up with 跟上 over the radio 从广播里 go on with 继续做 watch over 照看 meet with 碰到 get over 克服，忘记(痛苦等) haveto
12、 do with 与有关 go over 省阅，复习 have a word with 与说句话 run over 压过 be busy with 忙于 see through 看穿 help with 帮助 look through 浏览 supply with 供应 all through 贯穿 keep in touch with 与保持联系 pay attention to 注意 be popular with 受欢迎的 第 2 页 共 4 页 I 介词短语 介词不能独立充当句子成分，需要与一个名词、代词、动名词、和连接词引导的从句或不定式短语构成介词短语。介词短语可以在在句中作表语、
13、定语、壮语和宾补等。 (1) It was going to rain this evening according to the weather forecast . (2) You had better talk about it with him . (3) He succeeded in passing the exam (4) I am still thinking of how I can finish the task ahead of time . (5) He gave us a talk about how to learn English well . (6) The m
14、achine is in good condition . (7) Where is the key to my bike ? (8) She always thinks herself above others . II 一些主要介词的用法 1 表时间与日期 :at , in , by , in , at night ; at noon ; at dawn ; at midnight ; at Christmas ; at 4: 30 at eighteen = at the age of 18 , on Monday ; on October 4 , 2003 ; on National
15、Day ; on New Years Day on the morning of Sunday ; on a winter morning ( = one winter morning ) ; on a rainy day ( = one rainy day ) , The plane takes off at ten , so youd better be at the airport by 9:50 . By the age of 15 , she had mastered the language well .( = By the time he was 15 , he had ) By
16、 the end of next month , I will read all the books . , The police will be here in 20 minutes ( = in 20 minutes time ; in 20 minute time ; 20 minutes away ) Cf . The police came here after 20 minutes / 20 minutes later . 注意: , He was surprised at the news that we won the match . , What do you mean by
17、 that ? , On / Upon arriving home , he began to watch TV . , The girls in red will put on a performance this evening . , in the end / at the end ( of ) / by the end of ; in the beginning / at the beginning ( of ) 2 表一段时间 :for , since , He has worked here for 2 years . , He has worked here since 1999
18、 / he came here . 3 表地点 :at , in , on , She was at the door / at the shop / at the front door . , They arrived at Beijing in China yesterday . , She put the book on the desk 4 表方位 :in , on , to , Shanghai lies in the east of China . , Shandong lies on / to the east of Henan . , Japan lies to the eas
19、t of China . , Shanghai lies on the east coast of China . , Wuhan lies on the Changjiang River . , There are a lot of islands off the east coast of China . 5 表使用 :in , with ,by , through , Write a letter in pencil / in ink / in English . , What will you buy with the money ? , I got the book through
20、the library . , I got news over / on the radio / on TV 6 表穿过 :over , across , through , We flew over the forest . , Walk across the playground , There is a bridge over / across / on the river . , Look through the window . 7 between / among , There are a lot of villages between the hills . , This is
21、a secret between you and me . , He was happy to be among friends again . 8 动词不定式复合结构 :for , of , It is very important for you learn English . , Its foolish of you to do so . 9 . beside , beside 10 besides , except , but , except for , All the students went to the park except me . , Five other studen
22、ts went to the park besides me . 第 3 页 共 4 页 , Nobody but you knew it . , You composition is excellent , except a few spelling mistakes . 11 around , about , He likes to walk around / about . , It happened around / about 1296 . 12 with , He was studying with the door open / closed . , He sits there
23、with his feet pointing at me . , With the days going on , it is colder and colder . ( = As the days go on , ) 13 to , look forward to ; get down to ; devote to ; be / get used to ; object to , a key to the door ; the visit to Beijing ; notes to the text ; III 介词的省略 1 on , at , in 的省略 , next morning
24、; each day ; one day ; every day ; last week 2 for 的省略 , I stayed here ( for ) all the morning . , I have been waiting ( for ) more than 3 hours . , For the whole morning , the old man kept reading 3 固定短语 , Nothing can prevent us ( from ) going there . 专项训练 1. The doctor will be free _ . A . in 10 m
25、inutes B . after 10 minutes C . in 10-minutes time D . in 10 minutes away 2. -How long has this bookshop been in business ? - _ 1992 . A . After B . In C . From D . Since 2. I can hardly hear the radio . Would you please _ ? A . turn it on B . turn it down C . turn it up D . turn it off 3. Its wise
26、to have some money _ for the old age . A . put away B .kept up C . given away D . laid up 4. The train leaves at 6 . So have to be at the station _ 5:40 the latest . A . until B . after C . by D . around 5. Visitors _ Egypt always admire the pyramid . (1)定义：顶点都在同一圆上的正多边形叫做圆内接正多边形，这个圆叫做该正多边形的外接圆.A .
27、in B . to C . at D . with 6. They had a party _ Christmas Eve . A .at B . in C . on D . during 7. He wont come to your party _ . A . without invited B . unless being invited C . without being invited D . if not being invited 8. We offered him our congratulations _ his passing the exam . A .at B . on
28、 C . for D . of 9. Dont all speak at once ! _ , please . A . Each at one time B . One by one time C . One for each time D . One at a time 10. Were all going to the games . Why dont you come _ ? 4、根据学生的知识缺漏，有目的、有计划地进行补缺补漏。A . up B . across C . along D . to 11. Rose was wild with joy _ the result of t
29、he exam . A . to B . at C . by D . as 12. I dont think I will need money , but Ill bring some _ . 函数的增减性：A . at last B . in case C . once again D . in time 13. _ the production up by 60% , the company has had another excellent year . 锐角A的正弦、余弦和正切都是A的三角函数当锐角A变化时，相应的正弦、余弦和正切之也随之变化。A . As B . For C . W
30、ith D .Through 14. - You are so lucky . - What do you mean _ that ? （2）圆是轴对称图形，直径所在的直线是它的对称轴，圆有无数条对称轴。圆是中心对称图形，对称中心为圆心。A . for B . in C . by D . of 15. The sunlight came in _ the window in the roof and lit up the whole room . A . through B . across C . on D . over 16. The number of the employees has
31、 grown from 1000 to 1200 .This means it has risen _ 20%. 23.53.11加与减（一）4 P4-12A .by B . at C . to D . with 17. It was not _ 10 that my baby went to bed . 切线的性质定理:圆的切线垂直于过切点的半径.A . since B . till C on D . until 18. A new bridge will be built _ the river . （1）二次函数的图象(抛物线)与x轴的两个交点的横坐标x1，x2是对应一A . with B . in C . over D . through 19. He suddenly returned _ a rainy night . A . on B . at C . for D . of 20. Please write _ pencil , not _ ink . 9切线长定理：过圆外一点所画的圆的两条切线长想等，圆外切四边形对边相等，直角三角形内切圆半径公式.A . in ; with B .in a ; with C . with a ; in D . with ; in a 11.弧长及扇形的面积第 4 页 共 4 页