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1、足球还是水球?Lesson 30 Football or polo?What happened to the man in the boat?The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the ban
2、k and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to
3、 look at the children, but there werent any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.威尔河是横穿过我家附近公园的一条小河。我喜欢在天气晴朗的下午到河边坐坐。上星期日天气很暖和。于 是我和往常一样，又去河边坐着。河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面上有些人正在划船。突然，一个孩子狠狠地踢了 一脚球，球便
4、向着一只划过来的小船飞去。岸上的一些人对着小船上的人高喊，但他没有听见。球重重地打在他身 上，使他差点儿落入水中。我转过头去看那些孩子，但一个也不见，全都跑了！当那个人明白了发生的事情时，笑 了起来。他大声叫着那些孩子，把球扔回到岸上。【New words and expressions】（7 ）1 polop ?ul ?u n.水球2 cutk ?t v.穿过3 rowr ?u, rou v.划（船）4 kickkik v. 踢5 towardst ?w ?:dz prep.朝，向6 nearly ni ?li ad.几乎7 sightsait n. 眼界，视域一.单词讲解：polo马球（四
5、人一组骑在马上对打木球的比赛）水球 water poloWayle n.威尔（河名）Cut vt.切，害U,剪，戈L 砍 cut-cut-cut例：She cut her finger on a piece of broken glass.他在一块碎玻璃上划伤自己的手指。cut the apple into halves把苹果切成两半cut the apple into thirds把苹果切成三半cut恤e apple into quarters把苹果切成四半His cruel remarks cut her deeply.他残酷的评论伤透了她的心.cut 的有关短语： cut class 旷
6、课cut across/cut through穿过 （尤指抄近道）例 : I usually cut across the park on my way home.I usually cut through the park on my way home.我回家的路上总是穿过那个公园。cut down 砍到（树木）减少量例 : The apple tree was dead and he cut it down.这个苹果树死了，他把树砍倒了。The car industry cut down production.汽车工业降低了产量。cut down the expenses 减少开支chop
7、劈slit 切割开gash砍进（割一条长而深的缺口）slice 切成薄片carve 雕刻dice切成小方块tear撕裂trim修剪row1） n. 一排，一列， 一行，成排的座位例 : The boy was sitting in the first row.这个小男孩坐在第一排。Would you arrange the chairs in five rows?你把椅子排成五排吗？in a row 排成一排连续的例 : Children were standing hand in hand in a row.孩子们手拉手的站成一排。He has been absent for 5 years
8、 in a row.他已经连续五天缺席了。a hard row to hoev. 用耕锄耕地） 艰苦的生活row 横行line 竖排file 一纵队（排的很整齐）2）V. 划船例： Can you row a boat? 你会划船吗？They rowed across the rive 。 他们划过了这条河。3）n 划船运动go for a row 去划船go for a walk 去散步4） 划船；一排（列） row（rau争吵 rowv. row with sb 与 . 争吵n. 例： What s the row about? 到底在吵什么呢？make a row kick up a r
9、ow 起哄，大吵大闹kick1）v. 踢kick sb /sth with the foot踢例 : Mummy, Dick kicked me on the leg!妈妈， Dick 踢我的腿。（ Tom ， Dick ， Harry 人的名字）kick the ball 踢kick a hole in the door 在门上踢了一个洞Be careful of that horse-it often kicks.小心这匹马，它常踢人。（idiom） Kick a man when he is down.落井下石2） vt. 虐待，欺负例 : The boy is always kicki
10、ng his younger brother about.这个小男孩总是欺负他弟弟。kick 脚踢punch 拳打toward （s） prep.朝一方向对（表关系），接近（表时间），有 趋势例： He walked towards the door.他朝门走过来。His attitude towards me has changed.他对我的态度转变了。Towards the end of the game she fell asleep.临近比赛结束时，她睡着了。There is a tendency towards inflation.有通货膨胀的趋势。towards 只能表示朝着目标移
11、动（强调越来越近）例： We drove towards Miami.我们开车去迈阿密。to 含有到达的含义例： We drove to Miami. 我们开车到了迈阿密。nearly adv. 大约，接近，差不多例： Its nearly 2 oclock. 大约两点了。That car nearly ran over a dog. 那辆车差点撞到一条狗。almost 与 nearly 最接近，但 almost 可与 nobody ， nothing ， nowhere ， never 连用 nearly 则不能。approximately/ about 在超过或没有超过某标准的两种情况下，
12、均可使用，但 almost ， nearly 用于接近单位达到某标准的情况。例：It cost approximately 300, I cant remember exactlY.大概花了 300 美元我记不太清了。sight n.1) 视力，视觉lose ones sight 失明 (become blind)far-sightednear-sightedshort-sightedlong-sighted例： Out of sight远视近视目光短浅的目光长远的， Out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。at the sight of 看至到 (seeing)We laughed at t
13、he sight of her strange clothes.我们一见她的奇装异服就笑了。He fell in love with the girl at the first sight.他对那女孩子一见钟情。2）视界，视野in sight 在视野之内out of sight在视野之外例：The train is still in sight.火车还看得见。Get out of my sight. 滚开！（Get out!）Get out of here!Get away from here!二、关键句型 Key Structuressome /any的用法。1）二者都可以表示不定量的代词，
14、相当于止暨”，可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句，否定句或条件从句。例： There are some scenic spots around the city.在这个城市周边有些风景优美的地方。Lets get some fruit for the children.给孩子们买些水果吧。Do you need any reference books?你需要一些参考书吗？They haven t put forward any concrete proposals.他们还没有提出一些明确的建议。If you find any new words in it
15、, mark them out.如果你发现那些生词的话，把它们标出来。2）有些疑问句表示请求，建议，反问等，这时多用some而不用any ;例： Would you mind buying me some aspirin?你为我买些阿司匹林好吗？Aren t there some stamps in that drawer?抽屉里面有邮票吗？3） some 和any还可以用来修饰可数名词单数，这时 some表示某一个any示”任何一个随便哪一个“。例：You will regret it someday. 总有一天你会后悔的。You can get it in any department s
16、tore.你在任何一个百货商店都可以买到。冠词 the 的用法1) 在人名和地名前不加冠词a 或 the例 : John lives in England. He has a house in London.2) 在海洋，河流，山脉前，一定要用定冠词the例 : Who was the first person to sail across the Pacific?谁是第一个横渡太平洋的人呢？It can get rough in the Mediterranean (地中海)。地中海可能很不平静 cMany great cities are built on rivers: Paris is
17、 on the Seine, London is on the Thames and Rome is on the Tiber.很多大城市建在河岸上，巴黎在桑纳河上，伦敦在泰晤士河上，罗马在地波河上。I know a man who has been on climbing expeditions in many parts of the world. He has climbed in the Alps, the Himalayas, and the Rocky Mountains.我认识一个参加过世界各地登山探险的人，他曾攀登过阿尔卑斯山脉，喜马拉雅山山脉以及落基山。3) 由普通名词构成的
18、专有名词前加the 。America-the Unite States of AmericaChina- the People s Republic of Chinathe Great Wall , the Summer Palace,the Forbidden City4) 表示特定的或上文提到过的事物(或双方都明了的事物)前加the 。例：工 am interested in the film. 我对这部电影感兴趣。Pass me the slippers please. 请把拖鞋递给我。5) 世界上独一无二的事物前加thethe earth the moon the sun6) 在序数词
19、或形容词的高级前加thethe second storey 二层楼the largest room最大的房间7) 在方位词前面加theon the lefton the rightin the eastin the west8) 在表示时间的一些固定短语前加thein the morning in the afternoonin the evening in the day time9)the 放在形容词前表一类人the poor the rich the old the young the sick the newthe blind10) 在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。the Whi
20、tes; the Browns; the Tuners11) 在乐器前加thethe piano; the guitar; the saxophone12) 表世纪的某个年代in the 1980 s13) 在发明物的前加the例 : The telephone was invented by Bell.电话是由贝尔发明的。The compass was invented in China.指南针是中国发明的不加冠词的时候：1) 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名前不加冠词，China London America Smith Art matter2) 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐
21、，前不加冠词March May National s day ValentineChildren s day Supper Spring Saturday3) 学科名称，球类，棋类名词前不加冠词mathematics politics football basketball chessExercise ： 1. 用 some 和 any 填空l)Is there hope of our fulfilling the plan?2)My mother bought sweets for me.3)1f I can spare money , I II buy a dictionary.4)Wou
22、ld you like beer?5)Come day you like.6) You will realize your dream day.答案 : any some any some any some2 、在必要地方填上冠词 a 或 the1) refrigerators are necessary in hot countries.2) Which river is longest, Nile, Amazon, or Mississippi?3) Heyerdahl crosses Pacific on raft.4) Why is Britain sometimes called U
23、nited Kingdom?5) We sailed up Red Sea and then went through Suez Canal答案： 1 )不填 2 ) the the the the 3 ) the a 4 ) 不填 the 5)the the三、课文讲解TextThe Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.定语从句that/which修饰物的关系代词ear adj./prep 在附近，表示含糊的“近“的意思，可能还有相当一段距离。close 表示可接触的范围内的by在的旁边在的近旁nearb
24、y1)adj. 附近的 a nearby town/a town nearby 附近的村庄2)adv. 附近地例： my parents live nearby. 我的父母亲住在附近。I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.on fine afternoonsafternoons 表示每当下我都会。 to ，表一般规律，用一般现在时。in the afternoonon fine afternoonson the afternoon of July the fourthIt was warm last Sunday, so I went a
25、nd sat on the river bank as usual.as usual 像平常一样than usual 比平常as before 像以前than before 比以前Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.用过去进行时描述故事背景rowing 现在分词表伴随状语Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat,
26、but he did not hear them.call out to sb（for sth） 大声喊叫（己引起别人的注意）The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.strikestrike-struck-struckSO + adj/adv.+ that 如此 . 以至于例 : He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.他病得如此重以至于我们请大夫去。She was so angry that she couldnt speak.她如此的生气以至于说不出话
27、来。You speak so fast that I can t follow you.你讲的如此快以至于我都跟不上你了。I am so nervous that I don t know what to say.I turned to look at the children ,but there werent any in sight: they had all run away!there werent any in sight 一个也看不见了The man laughed when he realized what happened.when 引导时间状语从句Im cooking di
28、nner when they came home.当他们到家时我正在做饭。When you are in trouble, visit this man.当你有困难时，找这个男人laugh大声地笑出声地笑smile微笑grin 露齿而笑chuckle 低声轻笑sneer 嘲笑giggle 咯咯地笑happen 表示偶然事件发生（无被动）He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.call out to sb 对大声喊叫叫、练习 Exercises1. Why did they kick the ball s
29、o?A. hardly B. hard C. hardyD hardily分析：B.可以作形容词和副词，作副词表示“用力地”，符合题意A.几乎不，不符合题意；C.是个形容词表示强壮的，不能修饰动词； D.大胆地，刚毅地，不符合题意2. The ball him very hard.A. knocked at B. beat C. bounced D. hit分析：A.敲打，敲出声音；B.打，敲，表示连续地，有规律地敲打；C.指球弹起，弹跳；D.打，打击，强调打中的概念。3. They had run away, so they had.A. dismissed B. disturbed C.
30、displaced D. disappeared分析：A.解散，开除B.妨碍，打扰；C.使脱离正常位置：D.消失，不见。4. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at chemists.A. each B. some C. certainD. any分析：any强调任何一个；each强调每一个；some和certain 都表示某一个语意不符。六、补充内容谚语1. All is not gold that glitters. All that glitters is not gold.外表可以迷惑人；不要根据漂亮的外表来判断事物；发光的未必都是金子。结果好就一切都好。2. All is well that ends well