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1、高三英语语法-名词从句复习名词从句按其句法功能可分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组，在句中可作主语、宾 语、表语和同位语。引导名词从句的连词：1）连词代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever 等连词副词 when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however2）连接词whether若一个名词从句，用连词表达的含义为“是否”，用 whether3）连接词that若一个句子表达含义和句子结构均完整，用连词that。“tha在从句中
2、不充当任何成分，没有任何含义。一、主语从句，在句中充当主语。What is the most important in life isn人生最flmone肝非金钱。Whoever wants to see the film may get a free ticket.凡是想看这部电影 的人可免费得到一张票。It doesn t matter to me whether she is content o她ot否满意对我而 言并不重要。（whether she is content or not乍主语，it在句中作形式主语）That he survived the accident is a mi
3、racle. = It is a miracle that he survived the accident.在这场事故中他幸免于难，真是奇迹。It is natural that she mourned over his son她为儿子的能而感至“悲痛是理所当然的。It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is decreasing. 据 报导非洲野生动物的数量正在减少。注1: it作形式主语是极富交际功能的固定句型。(1) It is a fact that 事实是It is common knowledge that
4、是常识It is a pity that遗憾的是It is a shame that真是可耻It is a wonder / miracle that真是个奇迹(2) It is clear / obvious that 很清楚It is natural that很自然(3) It is said that据说It is reported that 据报导It is believed that 据认为(4) It seems that -好像是It happened that- 碰巧It matters that 要紧的是二、表语从句，在句中作系动词的表语。其结构为：主语+系动词+表语从句Th
5、at is why he was late for school.那就是他上学迟到的原因。This is where I was born 20 years ago.这就是我 20年前出生的地点。It may be because I didn t have a good sleep SlsSnJg困为我昨 天晚上没睡好。The problem is whether he can stick to his promiseor not）.问题是他是 否能信守诺言。The trouble is that I have 10st my key.麻烦的是我把钥匙丢了。三、同位语从句同位语从句作用是对名
6、词，如fact, idea, hope等，作进一步解释，具 体说明名词的实际内容。1 .同位语从句通常由that引导。You have to face the fact that you have been laid off.你必须面对下岗这 一事实。The fact remains that the waste gases from factories pollute the environment seriously.（为了句子平衡，同位语从句后移）来自工厂的废气严重污染环境依然是事实。Word came that the mayor would come to inspect our s
7、chool the next week.2 . wh连词也可引导同位语从句。The question who can take over his job is worth considering谁能接替他 的工作值得考虑。We are faced with the problem whether we can hold out to the end.我们面临着能否坚持到底的问题。四、宾语从句，在句中作动词或介词的宾语。1. that引导的宾语从句The teacher taught us(that) we should aim high.老师教导我们要志向 崇高。She didn t admi
8、hat) she had helped the criminal and that she had kept in touch with him all along.她不承认曾帮助过那个罪犯，并且一直与 他保持联系。that引导的宾语从句，that常省略。若一个动词带两个that引导的宾 语从句，第一个that可省略，第二个that不能省略，从免引起歧义。2. wh连词引导的宾语从句Your success will depend on what you do and how you do it.你是否能成功将取决于你做什么和怎么做。I doubt whether / if he will c
9、ome to our help.他是否能来帮助我们，我 感到怀疑。五、名词从句要注意的问题改错：1) I thought that Mr. Li was to blame fonthe accident, but now I see how I wasABCcompletely mistaken.2) I will see to that the engine doesn t get out of order.ABCD3) It makes no difference jf my brother knows the details of the plan for tomorrow s picn
10、ic.ABCD4) It remains a question aslo_i.f he can face his mistake and determine to correct it.ABCD5) Will you invite all your classmates to your birthday ?ABCertainly. No matter who comes will be welcome.CD6) A man can t be really happy if that he makes great efforts to do is thought of as of no valu
11、e.ABCD7) After it seemed, to be a long time, the patient came to himself in the end.ABC D注1:学习名词从句要注意的首要问题是：要根据句义选择恰当的连词。第一题C错。how that本句句义为：我当初认为李先生应对这次事 故负责，现在我明白了，我当初的看法错了。注2：介词能够带wh引导的宾语，但不能带that引导的宾语从句（介词except除外）例：It all depends _on whether we can get their cooperation.这完全取决于我们能否得到他们的合作。I know
12、 nothing about him except that he lives next door to us.我对他一无所知，只知道他住在我们隔壁。（except后的that不能省 略）第二题A错。see to- see to it介词后若接that引导的宾语从句，可 在介词后加形式宾语it或the fact。注3:主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句若需表达 “是否”，只能用连 词whether,不能用if。在宾语从句中，if和whether通常可以互换使用，但介词或形容词后 的宾语从句只能用whether,不用if。第三题C错。ifwhether whether引导的是主语从句第四题C错。If
13、whether as to “至于”是介词短语。注 4： whoever与 no matter who, whenever与 no matter when 等词义 相同。但在名词从句中只能用 whoever, whenever等；在让步状语从 句，两者均可。例：Whoever comes will be welcome.不管谁来，都表示欢迎。Whoever 引导主语从句。Whenever / No matter when you come, we will receive you warmly.不管你什么时候来，我们都会热情接待你。Whenever / No matter when弓I导让步状
14、语从句。第五题 C 错。 No matter who Whoever注 5：在名词从句中，what 可表达。1) thing (s) which 的东西”2) the place which 的地方”3) the time which 时间”，what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。第六题C错。that what (东西)本句句义：若一个人尽力所做的事情被认为毫无价值，他是不可能高兴的。第七题A错。itwhat (的时间)本句句义：那个病人在通过一段似乎很时间后，终于苏醒过来。名词从句练习1. progress helps to increasein productivity （生产力）is a
15、fact accepted by economists.A. TechnologicalB. ThattechnologicalC. Though technologicalD. There istechnological2. all the students in this class have in common is they have a high object in life.A. That ; that B. What ; that C. What ; whether D. That ; what3. different life today is from it was 20 y
16、ears ago.A. What a ; what B. How ; what C. What ; whatD. What a ; how4. Professor Lee s book will show_you_ can be used in other conditions.A. that you have observed （观察）B. that how you haveobservedC. how that you have observedD. how what youhave observed5. Why don t you bring to his attention that
17、now children bear heavy learning load.A. thisB. whatC. thatD. it6. - I d like to invite you to the concert this evening.Thank you, but I ll have time I m not sure at the moment.A. whileB. ifC. whenD. whether7. Parents are taught to understand important education is totheir children s future.A. thatB
18、. how C .suchD. so8. I expect Father would like to know I have been up to so far,so I ve decided to send him a quick note.A. which B. whyC. whatD.how9. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is Idisagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD.how10. Evidence （证据） came up specific voices are recogniz
19、ed by babies as young as six months old.A . whatB. whichC. thatD. whose11. A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten yearsago.A. whatB. whichC. thatD.where12. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that you had a few days off ?A . whyB. whenC. whatD. where13. With the developme
20、nt of computers, it is man has suddenly become a millionaire of a mind （智力）.A . thatB . as ifC. howD. as14. breaks the traffic regulations will be fined $100.A . Anyone B. WhoC. Those whoD. Whoever15. The president should appoint（任命） he thinks can do the job the most excellently.A . whoB. whomC. who
21、meverD. whoever16. one can succeed depends on hard he works.A. That ; how B. That ; however C. Whether ; howD. Whether ; however17. Was it not the 1500 s the first European explored thecoast of California ?A. when ; that B. until ; that C. until ; whenD. when ; then18 I knew nothing about his journe
22、y he was likely to be away for three months.A. ifB. in thatC. except thatD. but19 After seemed a long time, the wounded solider came tohimself.A. that B. whatC. whichD. it20 is no possibility Bob can win the first prize in the game.A. There ; that B. It ; that C. There ; whetherD. It ; if21 I rang y
23、ou at about nine, but there was no reply.Oh, that was probably I was seeing an doctor.A. why B. whenC. whatD. that22 A story goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more thanbeing surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that23 fashion differs from country may
24、reflect the cultural difference from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD.Which24 Why! I have nothing to admit. you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How itis that25 There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need .A .that;
25、to be improvedB. if; to be improvedC. where; improvingD. when; improving26 It is said that the lady spent five years in Paris.If so, I wonder her French is so bad.A. for what B. whatever C. how is itD. howcome27 I m impressed not with your manager s learning and appearance but he deals with problems
26、.A. the way which B. in the way which C. the way D. in theway28 The working conditions of the workers haven t improved a lot so far.I m in doubt the director has accepted our demands.A. that B. in whichC. ifD. whether29 It is the ability to do the job matters not where you comefrom or what you are.30 Can it be in the restaurant we had dinner last Sunday you left your wallet?A. where; where B. where; that C. that; where D. that;that1-5 bbbdd 6-10 dbcbc 11-15 aabdd 16-20 cbcba 21-25 bdbaa 2630 dcdbb