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1、一 it/one/that 均可作代词，代指前面提到的名词 代替泛指的单数名词通常用 one. 如 Two heads are better than one.I lost my old camera;this a new one注：若 one 前没有形容词修饰则不能用不定冠词 , 但可以用 another Im looking for a flat.Id like a small one with a garden.Im looking for a flat.Id like one with a garden.This pen doesnt work.I must buy another o
2、ne. 注意 one 与 it 的区别：Can you lend me a pen? Sorry,I havent got one.Can I borrow your pen? Sorry,Im using it？二 it/that/the one 代替表特指的单数名词1. 代替单数可数名词三者均可，代替不可数名词是不能用 the one 而用 it/that 。表同一事物用 it, 表同类事物用 that/the one 如： The weather here is too cold.I dont like it.The weather of Beijing is colder than t
3、hat of Guangzhou.My uncle bought me a dictionary and I like it.Your dictionary is more useful than the one my uncle gave me.2. 代替事物三者均可，代替人时只用 the oneWho is her husband? The one by the window. 注：替代性别不明的婴儿时用 it3. 当有前置修饰语时只能用 the oneWhich do you wang ？ The red one.She would rather have the small one t
4、han the large one.4. 当有后置修饰语时，通常用 the one 如： My room is better than the one next door.Is that the one that was published recently?但是后置定语为 of 引起的介词短语，通常用 that.The populatoon of China is much larger than that of Japan.A grandparents job is easier than that of a parent.one/that 虽可用来指代同名异物，但 one 为泛指，相当于
5、 a/an 名词； that 为特指，相当于 the 名词，所以 one 指代的名词修饰语一般为 a/an/some/any.that 指代的名词修饰语往往是 the/this/that.A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.( 该句中 one 可换成 a chair)The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot.( 该句 that 可换成 the water)三 代替泛指的复数名词代替表泛指的复数名词，通常用 ones. 如Hard beds are healt
6、hier than soft ones.Green apples often taste better than red one.These chairs have the great advantage of being much cheaper than conventional ones.四 代替表特指的复数名词通常用 the onesId like to try on those shoes.The ones at the front of the window.Are they the ones who moved here recently?Dont buy the expensi
7、ve apples;get the cheaper ones.注: 口语中也可用 those 来代替特指的复数名词，尤其是当其后有 of 引导的介词短 语或 who 引导的定语从句修饰时。如：Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.Those of you who wish to go on the trip may sign up here.His ideas are different from those of his friends.Students who do well in examina
8、tions are those(the ones)who ask questoins in class.五 几点重要的补充说明1 当替代词 one/ones 紧跟在形容词最高级，序数词以及 this/that/these/those/which/either/neither/another 等限定词之后时通常可 以省略。如：I think my dogs the faster(one)Either (one) will suit me.Lets have another (one)She looked at each (one) carefully before she close.Which
9、 (one) would you like? That (one) looks the nicest.2 复数形式的 ones 之前一般不能直接用名词所有格，物主代词 , 数词以及 some/any/both/several/dozen/own 等词修饰。如：Have you got any drawing-pins? Can I borrow some please?( ones)不能说 someDo you have any new diaries? We dont have any at the moment.（ 不能说 any ones）Do questions1 or questio
10、n2,but not both .（ 不能说 both ones）He has three dictionaries and I have only two.注：如果 ones 前有描绘性形容词修饰，则可使用上述词语。如：误：her ones/some ones/five ones/your own ones正： her red ones/some new ones/five bad ones/your own nice ones 在美国英语中 ones 不能紧跟在 these/those 之后，但在英国英语中可以这样用 （但不常见）3 当一个名词受另一个名词修饰时，通常不宜用 one（s） 来替代。如：Do you need coffee cups or tea cups?（ 不能说 tea ones） 但若一个名词受表材料的名词修饰时，可用 one（s） 替代We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones.one只能替代可数名词单数，替代可数名词用复数用ones。that既可以替代可数名词单数又可以替代不可数名词，代替可数名词复数用 those.