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1、Section Warming Up & ReadingLanguage Points come about 发生；造成(教材P26)So how has this come about and does it matter?这种温度的增高是怎么产生的呢？会有如何影响呢？How does it come about that.?某事怎么发生的？come into being开始存在；形成come across被理解；(偶然)遇见，碰到come out出现；出版；结果是；开放come up走近；长出；长芽；被提出；(问题或困难)出现come up with提出；提供；赶上come to共计；谈到
2、；涉及；苏醒过来The moon came out from behind the clouds.月亮从云后露出脸来。I was amazed that hed come up with this sweet idea.很惊奇他能想出这么一个使人心里感到甜甜的、暖暖的主意。How did it come about that you were an hour late?你怎么会迟到1小时？I came across the children sleeping under the bridges.我偶然发现睡在桥下的孩子。名师点津表示“发生”的词或短语：come about，happen，occ
3、ur，take place，break out，都是不及物动词或短语，都没有被动语态。 subscribe vi，同意；捐赠；订购 vt.签署(文件)；捐助(教材P26)All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy.所有的科学家都赞同这种观点：人们为了生成能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气和石油等)，从而引起了地
4、球温度的升高。写出下列句中subscribe 的含义和词性At the meeting，all the members subscribed to the plan to build a power plant in their hometown. vi.同意In order to improve his daughters English，he subscribed to English Weekly. vi.订购He subscribes regularly to the Hope Project. vt.捐助subscribe to sth.同意；赞成；订阅subscribe.to把捐赠
5、给；把签署在上If you are not a subscriber，you can subscribe today.如果您不是一个订阅者，您可以现在订阅。If you subscribe to the newspaper，itll be delivered to your door.如果你订阅报纸，它会给你送到门上的。He subscribes to the view that children benefit from being independent. 【导学号：35142019】他赞同孩子们能从独立中获益这一观点。 quantities of 大量的，许多(a quantity of
6、)(教材P26)The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们向大气层中排放大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。a large/small quantity oflarge/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词a(large)quantity of后接名词作主语时，谓语常用单数形式(large)quantities of后接名词作主语时，谓语常用复数形式in quantity在数量上；大量地in la
7、rge quantities大量地Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.去年大量的石油被海运到日本。As a result of destroying the forests，a large quantity of desert has_covered (cover) the land.由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。He likes reading and always buys books in quantity.他喜欢阅读，总是成批地买书。 (教材P26)It means that more heat ener
8、gy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go_up它意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。(1)tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理tend to do sth.常常会做某事；倾向于做某事tend to/towards sth.趋向；倾向tend(to)sb./sth.(look after sb./sth.)照顾；护理tendency n.倾向；偏好have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事The injured are bein
9、g tended by the doctors and nurses.伤者正受到医护人员的照料。She tends to_get (get) angry when others disagree with her.别人不同意她的看法时，她很容易生气。There is a tendency (tend)towards regional cooperation.有一种地区性合作的趋势。(2)go up 上升，增长，升起go down倒下，下沉；(物价)下降go out出去，(灯)灭go on继续go over仔细检查；复习go through经历，遭受；穿过；完成(工作等)The wind has
10、 gone down a little.风势已减弱了一些。Prices have gone up_again.物价又上涨了。The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多战争。 result in导致，造成的结果(教材P26)They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多的燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。
11、result from由引起as a result of作为的结果；由于as a result结果His illness resulted from bad food.他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。He was late as a result of the snow.由于下雪他迟到了。As_a result，she had to leave.结果她只得离开。The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.这次事故造成两名乘客死亡。明辨异同result in，result fromresult in引起，导致，产生。侧重于结果，即主语
12、是原因，in后面接导致的结果。与lead to，cause同义。result from起因于，由产生。侧重于起因，即主语是结果，from后面接事情的起因。与lie in同义。result in，result fromThese measures resulted_in a great victory.Sickness often results_from eating too much. oppose vt.反对，反抗，与较量(教材P27)On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this
13、view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，还有一些像乔治汉布利这样的科学家，他们反对这种观点，他们认为我们不必为空气中的二氧化碳含量高而担心。oppose doing sth.object to doing sth.反对做opposed adj.反对的；对立的be opposed to doing sth.be against sth.反对I am strongly opposed to your plan.我坚决反对你的计划。Many old me
14、n opposed cutting_(cut) down the 100yearold tree for rebuilding a shopping center.许多老人反对为重建一个购物中心而砍掉这棵百年老树。I am opposed to going shopping with others.我反对与其他人一起外出购物。名师点津“反对(做)某事”的多种表达法及其反义词组：be opposed to(doing)sth./oppose(doing)sth./object to(doing)sth./be against(doing)sth.反对(做)某事He was opposed to
15、working on Sundays.他反对星期天工作。subscribe to(doing)sth./agree to(do)sth./be for sth./be in favour of sth.同意(做)某事图文助记巧记oppose与object to consequence n结果；后果；影响(教材P27)They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.他们预言说，变暖的情况不会很严重，对环境的影响也不会太大。in consequence/as a consequen
16、ceas a result因此；结果in consequence of/as a consequence ofas a result of由于原因consequent adj.随之发生的；由引起的consequently adv.所以；因而The city was in ruins in consequence of/as a consequence of a severe earthquake.由于严重的地震，这座城市变成了废墟。She studied hard，and in consequence/as a consequence she passed the examination.她努
17、力学习，结果通过了考试。I was caught in the heavy rain and consequently(consequent)I was late.我碰上了大雨，所以迟到了。 (教材P27)In fact，Hambley states，“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.It will make plants grow quicker；crops will produce more；it will encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make
18、life for human beings better.”事实上，汉布利这样说：“二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事。它使植物生长更快，庄稼产量更高，还会促进很多动物种类的增加所有这些都能改善人类的生活。”(1)state vt.陈述；说明 n状态；状况staten./thatclause/whclause声明；说明It is stated that.据宣布/据称/据说statement n.陈述；说明make a statement作陈述；发表声明in a(n).state/in a state of 处于的状态It is stated that more than thirty peopl
19、e were killed in the accident.据说事故中有30多人丧生。Soon afterwards he made his first public statement(state) about the affair.不久以后，他第一次就这一事件发表了公开声明。She was in a terrible state when we arrived.我们抵达时，她情绪很不好。 【导学号：35142020】(2)range n种类；范围；v.排列；变化图形助记排列；分类 山脉射程a range of.一系列beyond/out of ones range超过某人承受的范围with
20、in the range of.在的范围之内range from sth.to sth.range between sth.and sth.处于某范围内 The student has a very wide range of interests.那个学生的兴趣非常广泛。The price of the house is well within_our range.这所房子的价格还在我们能承受的范围。Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。语境应用用range 的相关词语完成下面小片段T
21、he supermarket keeps a_wide_range_of goods.Their prices range_from just only a few yuan to several hundred yuan.According to their varieties，the shop assistants range them neatly on the shelves.这家超市有种类繁多的商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类，售货员们把它们整齐地排列在不同的货架上。 glance vi.看一下；扫视n.一瞥(教材P27)Glance quickly at the
22、magazine article and answer the questions.快速浏览一下杂志上的文章，然后回答问题。glance at向一瞥(强调动作)glance through/over浏览at first glance/sight乍看之下；乍一看at a(single)glance(只)看一眼；一眼；立刻take/have a glance(at)(对)匆匆看一下He glanced through/over the newspaper.他大致浏览了一下报纸。At first glance the problem seemed easy.乍看之下这个问题似乎很简单。She gla
23、nced_at her watch and then went out in a hurry.她匆匆看了看表然后匆忙出去了。明辨异同glance，glare，stareglance指快速地看某人或某物一眼，强调动作glare指怒视，强调敌对、威胁的态度stare指由于害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物，也指盯着看glance，glare，stareHe walked and glanced at his watch now and then.They glared at each other across the table after the quarrel.It is bad manner
24、s to stare at strangers.语境填词1It is wrong for us students to _blindly.As I see it，we should acquire a scientific outlook of _ and focus on study.(consume)2They do not _that she is a good teacher，but their _is very important in fact.(state)3While he is busy working，he_to burst with anger.That is，he ha
25、s a _to lose his temper.(tend)4He is very _and doesnt get angry，and he usually treats everyone _(mild)5He studied hard，and in _he passed the exam.The rise in price was _on the failure of the crops.(consequence)【答案】，consumption，statement，tendency，mildly5consequenceconsequent.选词填空be opposed to；go up；q
26、uantities of；come about；result in；keep on；subscribe to1He and his colleagues _the plan.2I dont know how these quarrels _3It seems that your cost _by 2.5% for packaging. 【导学号：35142021】4Although told to stop for a break，he _working.5If left untreated，the condition will eventually _blindness.【答案】1.are
27、opposed to/subscribe to2.came about3.goes up4.kept on5.result in (教材P26)There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球是在变暖(见表一)，而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。【要点提炼】
28、There is no doubt that.意为“是毫无疑问的”。There is (some) doubt之后常接whether引导的从句，表“怀疑是否会”；there is no doubt后常接that引导的从句，表“对毫不怀疑”。doubt用作动词时，意为“怀疑，不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的从句由whether/if引导；在疑问句或否定句中doubt后面的从句由that引导。There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.毫无疑问我们做得对。I doubt(I have my doubt)whether/if he i
29、s the best man for the job.我怀疑他是否是做这项工作的最佳人选。There is some doubt whether/if_he is fit for the job.至于他能否胜任这项工作，还有疑问。 (教材P27)Even_if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或
30、几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。【要点提炼】even if even though 引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”。引导让步状语从句的连词小结用although，though，even though，even if 等引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”或“虽然”。用when 和 while 引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管；虽然”。用as 引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然；尽管”。用作此意时必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。Even if/though I have to walk all the way Ill get there.即使一路走着去，我也得赶到那里。Although/Tho
31、ugh he was injured，he managed to climb out of his car.尽管他受伤了，他还是从车里爬了出来。While I understand what you say，I cant agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。Search as they would，they could find nobody in the house.无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。Child as he is，he knows a lot.他尽管是个孩子，但知道的很多。完成句子1他有很多书，其中大部分是关于语言的。He has a
32、 lot of books，_are about languages.2毫无疑问，我们能解决这个问题。_we can work out the problem.3没有你的帮助，我考试一定会不及格的。Without your help，I _the exam.4即使大雨倾盆，他们还是在工作。They were still working _5除非被邀请讲话，你应该在会上保持沉默。_，you should remain silent at the conference. 【导学号：35142022】【答案】1.most of which2.There is no doubt that3would have failed(to pass)4.even if it was raining hard5.Unless invited to speakIt means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.【分析】本句是一个复合句。that 引导一个宾语从句；causing the global temperature to go up 为现在分词短语作结果状语。【翻译】它意味着更多的热量将被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。12