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1、牛津译林版七年级英语知识点归纳 7B Units5-6牛津译林版初一英语下学期 (7B) Unit 5-6 重 点 词 组 be at home alone 独自在家 hear somebody Shouting 听到某人大叫 rush into 冲进去 hurt ones leg 弄伤了腿 run back to her flat 跑回她的家 pour water over her jacket把水倒在夹克衫上 be in hospital 住院 help each other 互相帮助 by oneself 独自 sound dangerous 听起来很危险 your own safety
2、 你自己的安全 be careful with matches 小心火柴 leave the stove on 让炉子开着 the Best Sportswoman Award最佳女运动员奖 this years Youth Award 本年度青少年奖 a super swimmer 一个游泳健将 fall into the water 跳入水中 be grateful for ones help 感激某人的帮助 in the past 在过去 row a boat 划船 forget to bring a football忘记带足球 catch a fish 捕鱼 within five m
3、inutes 五分钟之内 think of others 考虑别人 lose the game 输了比赛 lose ones way 迷路 do ones best 尽力 be weak at geography 地理很薄弱 play the piano well 钢琴弹得好 have good grades in Chinese 语文成绩好 get into the school team 进入校队 get better results in 取得好成绩 have a good memory 记忆力好 No problem. 没问题 never mind 别介意 be thoughtful
4、考虑周全 parents meeting 家长会 hear from somebody 收到来信 be able to 能够 sleep on ones lap 睡在膝盖上 hold it in my hand 把它拿在手里 feed the rabbit carrots 喂给兔子胡萝卜 chase / run after a ball 追赶球 with eyes open wide 眼睛睁得很大 do wonderful tricks 做精彩的把戏 look after him until the end 照顾他到永远 a rabbit hutch 兔笼 a fish tank 鱼缸 on
5、top of a piano 钢琴的顶上 an open drawer 一只开着的抽屉 most of the time 大多数时候 make a lot of noise 发出许多声音 ring the doorbell 按门铃 a black and white tail 黑白相间的尾巴 look around for 四处寻找 take care of 照看 get tired 感到累 frighten the cat 吓唬猫 take the dog for a walk 遛狗 brush the dogs fur 给狗刷毛 all over our flat 遍及我公寓 bark a
6、 lot 经常叫 be busy at work all day 整天忙于工作 take out of the water 从水里拿出来 listen to a talk on 听一个的讲座 look the same 看上去一样 keep the fish tank clean 鱼缸保持干净 bark at people 朝人们大叫 pieces of string 线团 keep the dog on a lead 把狗系在项圈里 make sure 务必 look beautiful in the sun 在阳光下看起来很美 build me camps out of sticks 用树
7、棍帮我搭帐篷 organize class activities well 班级活动组织得好 put out the fire with a blanket 用毯子扑灭火 burn ones neck and arms 烧伤脖子和胳膊 keep ones life from danger 使某人的生命远离危险 keep long hair away from fire 使长发远离火 What happened to ? 发生了什么事 put something hot into the rubbish bin 把烫的东西扔进垃圾桶 recommend somebody for Award 推荐
8、某人为.奖 the Most Helpful Student Award 最乐于助人学生奖 collect things for Project Hope 为希望工程募集 visit a home for the elderly 参观老年之家 help somebody out of a fire 把某人救出火海 Theres a small chance that I will not play. 我不玩的可能性很小 Its highly possible that Ill go walking. 我很可能去散步 go walking instead of swimming 去散步而不去游泳
9、 teach somebody how to dance 教某人如何跳舞 She isnt any trouble. 她不惹麻烦 on the edge of the window-ledge 在窗台边缘 knock on the cage door with his beak 用喙敲鸟笼的门 put some stones at the bottom of the tank 把石头放鱼缸底部 语 法 精 讲 1. 情态动词can和could 1) 都能用来表示人拥有的某种能力，意思是“会，能” A. can用在一般现在时，而could用在一般过去时，如: I can swim now, bu
10、t I could not swim when I was young. B.在各种句型中要遵守情态动词的一般规则 肯定:can / could + do(动词原形，并且与人称和时态无关) 否定:cannot / could not + do (can的否定形式是cannot与cant，一般不写成can not，could not的缩略形式是couldnt) 疑问:Can / Could + 主语 + do 2) 都能用来表示事情发生的可能性，意思是“可能” A. can用在一般现在时，而could用在一般过去时，如: We can see a monkey show in the zoo t
11、oday. He could not play football yesterday because he didnt bring his boots. B. 在各种句型中也要遵守情态动词的一般规则 3) 其他相关用法 A. can还可表示“建议，请求”，常用Can I ? 或Can you ?等结构，如: Can I help you? Can you give me a hand? B. could用在现在时或将来时，也可表示“请求”，但语气比can客气委婉，如: Could you lend me your bike? C. could用在现在时或将来时，有时还可表示可能性不大，如: U
12、ncle Wang could come to our party this evening. (今晚会来，但可能性不大) D. can和could还常被用在否定句和疑问句中，表示“猜测，惊异，怀疑”等，can表示对现在的猜测，而could表示对过去的猜测，如: I saw Mr. Black at the school gate a few minutes ago. He cant be in his office now. (cant表示“不可能”之意) Can this smart child do such a stupid thing? 2. 情态动词may和might 当知道某事有
13、可能发生后，我们就可以进一步讨论这件事情具体发生的几率。如果这件事情很有机会发生时，我们可以用may，若机会较小，我们就用might。 1) 两者都是情态动词，在各种句型中要遵守情态动词的一般规则 肯定:may / might + do(动词原形，并且与人称和单复数无关) 否定:may / might + not + do 疑问:May / Might + 主语 + do 2) may的用法 A. 表示“猜测”，用于现在和将来发生的事情，如:My father may not go to work today. B. 表示“同意，许可”，或用在疑问句中表示“征得对方的许可”，如: Boys a
14、nd girls, you may open your eyes now. - May I come in? - Yes, you may. / No, you may not. (or No, you mustnt.) ? 在表示“不准，禁止”等意思时，常用must not / mustnt来代替may not。 ? 在对 “May I ?” 问句作肯定回答时，通常不用 “Yes, you may.”而用 “Yes, please / of course.或Certainly. 作否定回答时，常用 “Please dont.”或 “No, you mustnt.” 3) might的用法 A
15、. 表示可能性小一些，对事情发生的可能有所怀疑，如:I might pass the exam tomorrow. B. 也可表示“许可”，但语气较委婉客气些，如: You might come and play with us if you would like. C. 也可作为may的过去时，如:He was afraid he might go the wrong way. 3. 祈使句(Imperative sentence) 祈使句是表示请求、给予命令或指示的句子。它的主语是you(听话者)，通常省略，把后面的谓语动词置于句首，并且谓语动词一律用原形。 1)祈使句的肯定形式 各种动词
16、原形 + 宾语/表语/不加，如:Stand up, please. ;Pass it to me.;Be quiet. 2) 祈使句的否定形式 Do not / Dont + 谓语动词原形，如:Dont open the door, please. Dont sit down. Dont be late again. ? please可放句首或句尾，不影响动词和整句话。 3) 祈使句的反意疑问句 一般:祈使句，+ will you?(无论句首是什么动词，肯定或否定，都用will you) 特殊:Lets 开头的祈使句，+ shall we? Open the window, will you?
17、 Dont open the window, will you? Be quick, will you? Dont be late for school, will you? Let us play with snow, will you?(Let us只是对听话者所说，主语仍是you) Lets play with snow, shall we?(Lets是表示第一人称的祈使句，包含说话者，所以主语是we) ? Lets引导的祈使句，其否定形式为Lets not ，如:Lets not have a rest. 4. 情态动词should, ought to和must should和ough
18、t to都表示“应该，应当”，must表示“必须”或“肯定”。 1) should的用法 A. 在各种句型中要遵守情态动词的一般规则 肯定:should + 动词原形(与人称和时态无关) 否定:should + not + 动词原形 疑问:Should + 主语 + 动词原形 You should clean the rabbit hutch every day. You should not get a pet if you dont have enough time. B.在第一人称的疑问句中表示询问对方的意愿，语气委婉，如:What should I do now? 2) ought t
19、o的用法 ought to比should语气强，带有责备或督促的意思。 肯定:ought to + 动词原形 否定:ought + not + to + 动词原形 疑问:Ought + 主语 + to + 动词原形 You ought to brush your cat often. You ought not to feed your dog at the table. Ought we to clean the classroom right now? 3) must的用法 A. 在各种句型中要遵守情态动词的一般规则 肯定:must + 动词原形(与人称和时态无关) 否定:must + n
20、ot + 动词原形 疑问:Must + 主语 + 动词原形 B. 否定形式有两个，分别为mustnt(不准，禁止)和neednt(不必)，如: You mustnt play football in the street. Its dangerous.(不应该，禁止) - May I take the fish out of water? - No, you mustnt.(不准，禁止) You neednt water this kind of flowers every day. (不必) - Must I finish the homework at school? - No, you
21、neednt. (不必) 4) have to与must的意思相似，但have(不得不)强调客观，而must强调主观看法，如: He must clean his bedroom now. He is a tidy man.(主观意愿) He has to clean his bedroom now. His mother makes him do it.(客观外部的需要) ? have to能用于更多时态，如: Yesterday I had to eat bread for supper because there was nothing else at home. He will hav
22、e to cook for himself tonight. 5) must还可以表示推测，用于肯定句，如: The light is on. She must be in the room.(一定，大概) ? 它的否定形式就是前面提到的 “cant”，意思是“不可能”。 5. Keep long hair away from fire. 使长发远离火。 keep (away) from 的意思是“使 远离 ”。如: You should keep yourself away from danger. Please keep your baby away from this kind of m
23、edicine. 典 例 解 析 1. My friend John is ill _ now. I must go to the hospital to see him. A. in the hospital B. in hospital C. at the hospital D. at hospital 解析:答案选B。 in hospital意思是“住院”，而in the hospital表示“在医院里”，其他两个选项介词at错误。故应选B。 2. It is Monday today. You _ go to school. A. has to B. should C. mustnt
24、D. neednt 解析:答案选B。 neednt意思是“不必”，mustnt意思是“不准，禁止”，have to意思是“不得不”，但主语是you不能用has，should意思是“应该”，根据前面的句子，意思是“要上学”，故应选B。 3. We look forward to _ from you soon. A. hear B. be hear C. hears D. hearing 解析:答案选D。 look forward to意思是“期盼”，后面跟名词，现在名词的位置用了动词hear，要把hear变成名词，即加ing成为动名词，所以选D。另外，hear from somebody意思是
25、“收到某人的来信”。 4. Im not feeling _ this morning and my mother asks me to stay at home. A. well B. good C. bad D. badly 解析:答案选A。 本句的意思是“今天早晨我感觉不舒服。妈妈叫我在家呆着。”根据前后两句的关系知道是身体不舒服，排除C和D，well作为形容词就表示“身体好”，good则不妥，故应选A。 综 合 练 习 (A) I. 选择你所听到的内容 (5%) ( ) 1. A. shirt B. skirt C. shop D. short ( ) 2. A. care B. ca
26、reful C. carefully D. careless ( ) 3. A. make a cake B. make a kite C. ride a bike D. take a cat ( ) 4. A. safety B. safe C. safely D. save ( ) 5. A. old B. elder C. elderly D. older II. 根据你所听到的上句选择符合逻辑的下句 (5%) ( ) 1. A. It doesnt matter. B. Thank you for telling me. C. Thats right. D. Where are you
27、? st( ) 2. A. Its Saturday. B. Its cold. C. Its March 1. D. Its fine. ( ) 3. A. By bike. B. Good idea. C. All right. D. At six. ( ) 4. A. Thank you. B. It doesnt matter. C. Not at all. D. Im sorry to hear that. ( ) 5. A. In the police station. B. In the post office. C. In the hospital D. In the shop
28、. III. 单项选择 (15%) ( ) 1. They walked _ the gate with their teacher. A. through B. across C. over D. after ( ) 2. The Japanese arrived _ Beijing _ a Sunday morning. A. in / in B. on / at C. at / in D. in / on ( ) 3. Before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities. A. along B. in C. between D. among
29、 ( ) 4. My mother works _ a hospital _ my home. A. in / at B. in / near C. on / near D. on / at ( ) 5. _ does your brother do ? Hes a doctor. A. What B. Who C. Where D. How ( ) 6. How _ fish do you want? A. much B. many C. some D. any ( ) 7. Its about _ kilometers from Suzhou to Nanjing. A. two hund
30、reds B. two hundreds of C. two hundred D. two hundred of ( ) 8. Daniel plays _ and _ very well. A. the football / the piano B. football / the piano C. football / piano D. the football / piano ( ) 9. I am good at Physics, but sometimes Im _. A. polite B. brave C. careful D. careless ( ) 10. Dont make
31、 such a big noise. I _ the teacher clearly. A. can listen B. cant listen to C. can listen to D. cant hear ( ) 11. Sandy knows a lot _ Chinese history. A. about B. of C. for D. to ( ) 12. It is Saturday today. I _ go to school. A. mustnt B. neednt C. doesnt have to D. should ( ) 13. A cat has some _
32、and four _. A. wings / legs B. fins / wings C. whiskers / paws D. scales / tails ( ) 14. Its bad for our eyes to read _ the sun. A. with B. under C. in D. below ( ) 15. A tortoise walks _ while a rabbit runs _. A. slow / fast B. a lot / little C. slowly / fast D. well / badly IV. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 (11%)
33、1. I think you ought to _ (buy) your son a dog because he likes dogs very much. 2. He can swim well now. But he _ (can not)do that last year. 3. She saw lots of _ (smoke) from the next door. 4. Please ask your parents to the parents _ (meet) this afternoon. 5. Mr. White is quite _ ( friend) to all t
34、he people. 6. My mother is looking forward to _ (see) you soon. 7. How much _ (be) the erasers? 8. Youd better _ (not try) it again. 9. She always does homework _ (quick) than the other classmates. 10. The man in black often _ at home. I guess he must be a _. (write) V. 句型转换 (10%) 1. Many visitors b
35、rought her flowers and presents.(划线部分提问) _ 2. She has to stay in hospital for three months. (划线部分提问) _ 3. You mustnt pull the rabbits ears.(改为祈使句) _ 4. It is necessary to give your rabbit clean water. (改为祈使句) _ 5. I spent two hours doing my homework last night.(改为同义句) _ VI. 完成句子 (24%) 1. 请不要给兔子喂肉。 _
36、 2. 我的猫三公斤重。 _ 3. 王芳发生了什么事, _ 4. 昨天下午他用水把火扑灭了。 _ 5. 谢谢你救了我的孩子。 _ 6. 他得住院两个月。他太虚弱了。 _ 7. 我们正期盼着收到你的来信。 _ 8. 不要吓唬他。他害怕猫。 _ VII. 完型填空 (10%) Blue Bear lives in a little house near a hill. One spring, when it was time to plant his tomato plants, Blue Bear went to work in his new _1_. He planted each litt
37、le plant in his garden carefully. All the summer, he looked after the garden and _2_ the plants. Near the end of the summer, the potatoes were fat and red. Blue Bear picked quite a lot and took them into his little house. He thought, “Mmmm! I have tomatoes. Now its time to _3_ bread!” With his pan(平
38、底锅)he began to make bread. It _4_ him only a few minutes to finish it. The whole house was full of a wonderful smell. Then he cut the tomatoes and made a big sandwich. He was so happy that he ran out _5_ the house, singing and jumping. And when he really felt a little _6_, he thought of his sandwich
39、 and went _7_ into his house. Just when he was taking up the sandwich, Mr White- a dog came. “_8_ I stay with you tonight?” Im just too tired to walk on.” “Yes, please!” answered Blue Bear, and _9_ each enjoyed half of the sandwich. Blue Bear was happy that he was _10_ to help someone who needed hel
40、p. ( ) 1. A. house B. school C. city D. garden ( ) 2. A. pulled B. pushed C. watered D. made ( ) 3. A. eat B. drink C. cook D. buy ( ) 4. A. took B. had C. paid D. stayed ( ) 5. A. into B. near C. of D. with ( ) 6. A. happy B. worried C. angry D. hungry ( ) 7. A. by B. back C. past D. out ( ) 8. A.
41、Must B. May C. Do D. Did ( ) 9. A. it B. she C. he D. they ( ) 10. A. sure B. able C. grateful D. quick VIII. 阅读理解 (20%) (A) Mr. Young lived by a lake. He wanted to move his house to the other side. It was winter and there was ice on the lake. Mr. Young thought, “ Ill put my house on a big truck. Th
42、en I can drive it across the ice to the other side.” The house was put on a big truck, and Mr. Young began driving the truck across the lake. When he was in the middle, he heard a crack. Then the ice broke! The truck and Mr. Youngs house sank to the bottom (底). Mr. Young was saved, but he had lost h
43、is house. ( ) 1. Mr. Young put his house on a _. A. car B. train C. truck D. plane ( ) 2. Mr. Young moved his house in the _. A. summer B. winter C. spring D. fall ( ) 3. Why did Mr. Youngs house sink in the lake? A. Because it was winter. B. Because the ice was not very thick. C. Because it sank to the bottom. D. Because it was too cold. ( ) 4. The best title (题目) is _. A. Mr. Young Loses His House B. Swimming at the lake C. A Nice Drive D. Mr. Young Buys a House ( ) 5. “Then I can drive it across the ice to the other side.” The mean