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1、此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 普通高等学校2018年招生全国统一考试临考冲刺卷(八)英 语 注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第
2、一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASome idiomatic phrases in English, often used in both spoken and written language, are very confusing! They dont even make sense when you first see them. However, using one of these phrases correctly when speaking or writing to an E
3、nglish speaker is very impressive and shows that you are comfortable with the language. Here are some wonderful and interesting British idioms. Use them wisely.When pigs fly!This expression is one of my favorites and I use it all the time. It is used primarily when speaking, meaning that something i
4、s extremely unlikely or impossible. For example, “I will forgive him when pigs fly!” “When do you think you will get a gym membership, Lucy?” “When pigs fly!”A penny for your thoughts?This question is used in a situation where someone appears thoughtful or is very quiet seeming lost in thought. But
5、remember that you dont actually have to pay them a penny if they do tell you what is going on! For example, “Youve been a bit quiet this evening, Pete. A penny for your thoughts?”Its the bees kneesThe phrase dates back to the 1920s, and refers to an extraordinary person, thing, idea, and so on. For
6、example, “Try this chocolate. Its the bees knees.”To feel a bit under the weatherI use this expression in many different situations but most use it to refer to feeling ill, or unwell. You would not use this phrase if you were feeling extremely unwell. It is only for those times when you are feeling
7、a little ill or suffering from something slightly like a cold or a cough. However, this can also be used to refer to feeling emotionally low.21. What will you say if you think something is special?A. When pigs fly! B. A penny for your thoughts?C. Its the bees knees D. To feel a bit under the weather
8、.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章中对各个表达的解释The phrase dates back to the 1920s, and refers to an extraordinary person, thing, idea, and so on.，可知如果你认为某物很特别，你可以说Its the bees knees。故选C。22. Which of the following sentence can replace “A penny for your thoughts?”A. What can I do for you? B. What are you thinking about
9、?C. How are you feeling? D. How do you like it?【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据对表达A penny for your thoughts?用法的说明This question is used in a situation where someone appears thoughtful or is very quiet seeming lost in thought.这个问题用在某人看起来在思考或者陷入沉思时。可知此短语可用问句What are you thinking about?取代。故选B。23. Why does the author w
10、rite the passage?A. To introduce some useful idioms. B. To show how to remember idioms.C. To tell people the importance of idioms. D. To arouse the interest in idioms.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的内容Here are some wonderful and interesting British idioms. Use them wisely.以及下文对各个表达的解释，可知文章像我们介绍一些有用的习语。故选A。BI
11、m learning to drive in Switzerland. I think it will be a good idea to learn now because I have plenty of free time and am earning a little money to pay for lessons. I never learnt when I lived in the UK, so luckily driving on the “wrong” side isnt a problem.However, there are a lot of rules to remem
12、ber. When you see a road to your right and there are no white lines on the ground, the cars to your right have the right to go before your car and you have to stop for them. In practice, lots of people forget this and cars either wait for each other while both drivers try to remember what to do, or
13、beep (鸣喇叭) at each other if both try to go at the same time!When you drive round a roundabout, you should check all your mirrors. To remember how to do this, I often count them aloudone, two, threethen a second glance at your blind spot when youre in the roundabout. One friend came driving with me a
14、nd after about an hour asked why on earth I was counting. He had passed his test so long ago, he couldnt remember ever having to check three mirrors!Driving still seems scary to me so I drive quite slowly. I also dont know the countryside roads very well and dont know whats coming up round the comer
15、 or over the next hill. I drive slowly so I feel safe, but my driving instructor tells me to speed up or cars will bump into me from behind or try to overtake somewhere dangerous. So driving slowly is just as dangerous as driving fast!Im not a very practical person so learning to drive has been a ch
16、allenge. I don5t have a lot of confidence and find it quite demotivating to do something that doesnt come naturally to me. To make driving more fun and interesting, I learn in Swiss German, so my instructor gives me instructions in Swiss. This way Ive tricked myself into enjoying driving and hopeful
17、ly will pass the test!24. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A. It isn5t a proper time for the author to take driving lessons now.B. Driving on the “wrong side” doesnt influence the author.C. The author was too poor to pay for driving lessons in Switzerland.D. It is easy for the author to
18、 get confused about the driving rules in Switzerland.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的I never learnt when I lived in the UK, so luckily driving on the “wrong” side isnt a problem.可知在英国和瑞士开车的方向不同，但并没有对作者造成影响。故选B。25. The author often counts “one, two, three” aloud when driving round a roundabout to _.A. remind h
19、imself to check the mirrors B. speed upC. overtake somewhere dangerous D. make driving more interesting【答案】A【解析】细节推理题。根据第三段When you drive round a roundabout,you should check all your mirrors.To remember how to do this,I often count them aloud-one,two,three-then a second glance at your blind spot whe
20、n youre in the roundabout.可知走环道时作者经常数数是为了提醒自己看镜子，故选A。26. What does the underlined word “demotivating” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Encouraging. B. Amazing.C. Exciting. D. Discouraging.【答案】D【解析】猜测词义题。此处指我没有太多的信心，我觉得做一些对我来说不是很自然的事情是很消极的。“demotivating”指使变得消极，使失去动力。与Discouraging同义，故选D。27. What is the text mai
21、nly about?A. Driving speed.B. Strict driving instructors.C. Anecdotes of my driving experience.D. Complicated driving rules in Switzerland.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。作者在文中讲述了自己在瑞士学开车的原因，走环道和乡间路的技巧，和学习过程中的趣事和技巧。C项：我的驾驶经历，概括全文，适合作为标题。故选C。CPeople who have red hair and people who are losing their hair could finally
22、 get their own emoji（表情符号）. The Emojipedia website has shown new emojis following demands that they should be more diverse. If its ideas are approved, the new emojis could be added in 2018, alongside new characters that have grey, curly or Afro hair.“New styles focus on appearances that arent curren
23、tly supported in the informal skin tone and hair color pairings（组合）used on many cellphones,” showed one page on the website. The page gave Jessica Chastain and Ed Sheeran as examples of people with red hair. Sinead OConnor and Samuel L Kackson were given as examples of people with no hair or a shave
24、n head.The emojis could be released in 2018 if chosen by the Unicode Consortium which met in January, 2017 following a number of complaints about lack of diversity. “Non-naturally occurring features, such as blue hair and tattoos, are not included in this project,” the website added.At the end of 20
25、16, Apple published its iOS 10.2 software update which included 72 new emojis such as firefighters, astronauts, rockstars and so on. But people who have red hair were notably absent, causing a global protest.A website in Scotland demanding ginger emojis got 20,000 signatures. The main issue is that
26、there is one organization, known as Unicode Consortium, who controls emojis on iPhone.In March, a new list of emojis was published by Emojipedia which might be released later this year. However, the emojis need to be approved by the Unicode Technical Committee before people can use them.In 2015, gin
27、ger emojis were published on the Google Play Store for Android. But up until now, the Unicode Consortium has not been willing to give in to ginger campaigners.28. Which of the following emojis could be included in 2018?A. Characters with black hair. B. Characters with white skin.C. Characters with s
28、haven heads. D. Characters with smiling faces.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Sinead OConnor and Samuel L Kackson were given as examples of people with no hair or a shaven head.可知2018年的新表情符号是没头发或剃光头。29. Tattoos are rejected by the Unicode Consortium because _.A. there is no demand for them B. people dislike s
29、uch emojisC. they are out of fashion D. they are not natural identity【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Non-naturally occurring features, such as blue hair and tattoos, are not included in this project,”可知蓝头发和纹身被拒绝的原因是不是自然本性。30. What is the Unicode Consortiums attitude to ginger emojis?A. Favorable. B. Ambiguous
30、.C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段A website in Scotland demanding ginger emojis got 20,000 signatures. The main issue is that there is one organization, known as Unicode Consortium, who controls emojis on iPhone.可知Unicode Consortium对生姜表情是反对的态度。31. What is the best title for the tex
31、t?A. New Emojis to BE Added in 2018B. Complaints about the Present EmojisC. Demands for New and Informal EmojisD. Global Protests against the Lack of Diversity【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。通读整篇文章可知文章主要介绍了2018年新增加的表情请符号。DAlmost all researches in sleep explain that nightmares are a reaction to negative experiences t
32、hat happen during waking hours. However, some of them believe that nightmares do have some real benefits. One 2017 study, for example, found that frequent nightmare sufferers rated themselves as more empathetic (共鸣的). They also displayed more of a tendency to unconsciously mirror other people throug
33、h things like yawning. People who have constant nightmares also tend to think further outside the box on psychoanalysis tasks. Some other researches have found support for the idea that nightmares might be linked to creativity.People seeking cure for nightmares were not necessarily more fearful or a
34、nxious, but rather had a general sensitivity to all emotional experience. Sensitivity is the driving force behind intense dreams. Heightened sensitivity to threats or fear during the day results in had dreams and nightmares, whereas heightened passion or excitement may result in more intense positiv
35、e dream. And both these forms of dreams may feed back into waking life, perhaps increasing suffering after nightmares, or promoting social bonds and empathy after positive dreams.The effects go further still. This sensitivity overflows over into perceptions and thoughts: people who have a lot of nig
36、htmares experience a dreamlike quality to their waking thoughts. And this kind of thinking seems to give them a creative edge. For instance, studies show that such people tend to have greater creative talent and artistic express. And people who often have nightmares also tend to have more positive d
37、reams than the average person.The evidence points towards the idea that, rather than disturbing normal activity, people who are unfortunate in having a lot of nightmares also have a dreaming life that is at least as creative, positive and vivid as it can be distressing and terrifying. Whats more, th
38、is imaginative richness is unlikely to be limited to sleep, but also is filled with waking thought and daydreams. Even after people wake up and shake off the nightmare, in other words, a mark of it stays behind, possessing them throughout the day.32. What do most sleep researchers think of nightmare
39、s?A. They have no advantages at all.B. They make people more empathetic.C. They can promote humans creativity.D. They are a reflection of waking behaviour.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由Almost all researches in sleep explain that nightmares are a reaction to negative experiences that happen during waking hours.可知大
40、多数睡眠研究者认为噩梦是清醒行为的一种反射，选D。33. How can nightmare sufferers probably stop nightmares in theory according to the text?A. Try to reduce sensitivity to threats or fear.B. Be more fearful or anxious to nightmares.C. Avoid excitement as much as possible.D. Promote social bonds and empathy.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。由第二
41、自然段Heightened sensitivity to threats or fear during the day results in had dreams and nightmares,whereas heightened passion or excitement may result in more intense positive dream.可推知减少对威胁和害怕的敏感度可以阻止恶魔患者做噩梦，选A。34. What does the underlined word “perception” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Awareness. B. Conten
42、t.C. Intelligence. D. Determination.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。This sensitivity overflows over into perceptions and thoughts这句话的意思是这种敏感性表现在意识和想法上，“perception”意思是意识，选A。35. What can be the best title for the text?A. The Solution of Nightmares B. The Benefits of NightmaresC. The Empathy of Nightmares D. The Tenden
43、cy of Nightmares【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。由全文主题句However, some of them believe that nightmares do have some real benefits.可知这篇文章主要介绍了噩梦的一些好处，选B。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is a collection of positive habits that make a person so successful in class._36_.Here are
44、some habits of top students that you can use as tips to do better at school:First,_37_. In college, homework assignments generally make up 5-20% of your grade, but can be the biggest time- suck for most students. Working problems is one of the best ways to turn new concepts into working knowledge, b
45、ut youll never see on an exam a large majority of those problems that take you hours and hours to work through.Second, they never “read through” the textbook. Per time spent, reading the textbook is one of the least effective methods for learning new materials._38_, but otherwise use Google, lecture
46、 notes, and old exams for study materials.Third, they test themselves frequently. Testing yourself strengthens your brains connections to new materials. _39_. Bottom line, repeated self-testing significantly improve long-term memory of new materials.Last, they study in short bursts, not long maratho
47、ns. Studying in short burst tends to help you focus strongly because you know there is at least a short break coming._40_, which makes studying continuously for multiple hours on end.A. It helps relax our mind.B. they always focus on their homeworkC. they dont always do all of their homeworkD. Top s
48、tudents use examples and practice problemsE. This also fits in nicely with our natural activity or rest cycle of our bodiesF. It gives you immediate and clear feedback on whether you know something or notG. An accumulation of such habits can combine to produce high-level academic performance【答案】36. G 37. C 38. D 39. F 40. E【解析】36. 考查对上下文的理解和推理