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1、高中化学方程式总结高中化方程式总总学一,非金总总;属F Cl , O, S, N , P , C , Si, 222 21. 化性,氧 F + H ? 2HF 22F +Xe(总量)?XeF22 2F;总量,+Xe?XeF24 nF +2M?2MFn (表示大部分金属) 22F +2HO?4HF+O2222F+2NaOH?2NaF+OF +HO 2 22F +2NaCl?2NaF+Cl22 F +2NaBr?2NaF+Br 22F+2NaI ?2NaF+I22 F +Cl (等总体)?2ClF 223F (总量)+Cl?2ClF 2237F(总量)+I ?2IF 22711Cl +H ?2HC
2、l 223Cl +2P?2PCl 23Cl+PCl?PCl 2 3 5Cl +2Na?2NaCl 23Cl +2Fe?2FeCl 23Cl+2FeCl?2FeCl 2 2 3Cl+Cu?CuCl 222Cl+2NaBr?2NaCl+Br 22Cl +2NaI ?2NaCl+I 225Cl+I+6HO?2HIO+10HCl 2223Cl +NaS?2NaCl+S 22Cl+HS?2HCl+S 2 2Cl+SO +2HO?HSO +2HCl 22224Cl +HO?2HCl+O 222 22O +3Fe?FeO 234OK?KO2+2 S+H?HS 222S+C?CS 2S+Fe?FeS S+2C
3、u?CuS 23S+2Al?AlS 23S+Zn?ZnS N+3H?2NH 223N+3Mg?MgN 232N+3Ca?CaN 232N+3Ba?BaN232 N+6Na?2NaN 23N+6K?2KN2311N+6Rb?2RbN 23P+6H?4PH 223P+3Na?NaP 32P+3Zn?ZnP 3212. 总原性: S+O?SO 22S+O?SO 22S+6HNO(总)?HSO+6NO+2HO 324223S+4HNO(稀)?3SO+4NO+2HO 322N+O?2NO 224P+5O?PO(常成写PO) 2410252P+3X?2PX ;X表示FClBr, 23222PX+X?PX
4、325P+20HNO(总)?4HPO+20NO+4HO 433422C+2F?CF 24C+2Cl?CCl 242C+O(少量)?2CO 2C+O(足量)?CO 22C+CO?2CO 2C+HO?CO+H(生成水煤气) 222C+SiO?Si+2CO(制得粗硅) 2Si(粗)+2Cl?SiCl 24(SiCl+2H?Si(总)+4HCl) 42Si(粉)+O?SiO 22Si+C?SiC(金总砂) Si+2NaOH+HONa?SiO+2H2232;中,化 碱歧Cl+HOHCl+HClO ?22;加酸抑制化加或光照促总化, 歧碱歧Cl+2NaOHNaCl+NaClO+H?O 222Cl+2Ca;
5、OH,?CaCl+Ca;ClO,+2HO 222223Cl+6KOH;总总,?5KCl+KClO+3HO 2323S+6NaOH2Na?S+NaSO+3HO 22324P+3KOH;总,+3HO?PH+3KHPO 232211P+15CuSO+24HO5Cu?P+6HPO+15HSO 42334243C+CaOCaC?+CO 23C+SiO?SiC+2CO2二,金总总;属NaMgAlFe,的总原性 2Na+H?2NaH 24Na+O?2NaO 222NaO+O?2NaO 22222Na+O?NaO 2222Na+SNa?S;爆炸, 22Na+2HO2NaOH+H? 222Na+2NH?2NaN
6、H+H 3224Na+TiCl;熔融,?4NaCl+Ti 4Mg+Cl?MgCl 22Mg+Br?MgBr 222Mg+O?2MgO 2Mg+SMgS ?Mg+2HO?Mg;OH,+H 2222Mg+TiCl;熔融,?Ti+2MgCl 42Mg+2RbClMgCl?+2Rb 222Mg+CO?2MgO+C 22Mg+SiO?2MgO+Si 2Mg+HSMgS+H? 22Mg+HSO?MgSO+H 24422Al+3Cl?2AlCl 234Al+3O?2AlO;总化, 2234Al(Hg)+3O+2xHO2(Al?O?xHO)+4Hg222324Al+3MnO?2AlO+3Mn 2232Al+C
7、rO?AlO+2Cr 23232Al+FeO?AlO+2Fe 23232Al+3FeOAl?O+3Fe 232Al+6HCl2AlCl?+3H 322Al+3HSO?Al(SO)+3H 2424322Al+6HSO(总)?Al(SO)+3SO+6HO 2424322(Al,Fe在冷,总的HSO,HNO中总化) 243Al+4HNO(稀)Al(NO?)+NO+2HO 33322Al+2NaOH+2HO2NaAlO?+3H 2222Fe+3Br?2FeBr 23Fe+I?FeI 22Fe+SFeS ?3Fe+4HO(g)Fe?O+4H 2342Fe+2HClFeCl?+H 22Fe+CuCl?Fe
8、Cl+Cu 22Fe+SnCl?FeCl+SnCl 422(总在酸性总境下,不能把四总化总完全总原总总总总 Fe+SnCl?FeCl+Sn)22三, 非金总化物属(HF , HCl , HO , HS , NH) 2231,总原性: 4HCl(总)+MnO?MnCl+Cl+2HO 22224HCl(g)+O?2Cl+2HO 22216HCl+2KMnO?2KCl+2MnCl+5Cl+8HO 422214HCl+KCrO?2KCl+2CrCl+3Cl+7HO 2273222HO+2F?4HF+O 2222HS+3O(足量)?2SO+2HO 22222HS+O(少量)?2S+2HO 2222HS+
9、SO?3S+2HO 222HS+H2SO(总)?S+SO+2HO 24223HS+2HNO(稀)?3S+2NO+4HO 2325HS+2KMnO+3HSO?2MnSO+KSO+5S+8HO 242442423HS+KCrO+4HSO?Cr(SO)+KSO+3S+7HO 222724243242HS+4NaO+2HONa?SO+6NaOH 2222242NH+3CuO3Cu+N?+3HO 3222NH+3Cl?N+6HCl 3228NH+3Cl?N+6NHCl 32244NH+3O(总氧)?2N+6HO 32224NH+5O?4NO+6HO 3224NH+6NO?5N+6HO(用除氨清NO) 3
10、22NaH+HO?NaOH+H 224NaH+TiCl?Ti+4NaCl+2H 42CaH+2HOCa(OH)?+2H222232,酸性: 4HF+SiO?SiF+2HO 242;此反总泛总用于总定总总或总总中广SiO的含量, 22HF+CaCl?CaF+2HCl 22HS+FeFeS+H? 22HS+CuCl?CuS+2HCl 22HS+2AgNO?AgS+2HNO 2323HS+HgCl?HgS+2HCl 22HS+Pb(NO)?PbS+2HNO 2323HS+FeCl? 222NH+2Na2NaNH?+H (NaNH+HONaOH+NH?) 3222233,性, 碱NH+HClNH?Cl
11、 34NH+HNO?NHNO 33432NH+HSO?(NH)SO 324424NH+NaCl+HO+CO?NaHCO+NHCl 32234;此反总用于工总制总小总打总打, 4,不总定性, 2HFH?+F 222HClH?+Cl 222HO2H?+O 2222HO?2HO+O 2222HSH?+S 222NH?N+3H3225. 水的作用与: SO+HOH?SO 2223SO+HOH?SO 32243NO+HO2HNO?+NO 223NO+HO2HNO? 2523PO+HO2HPO? 2523PO+3HO2H?PO 25234(PO极易吸水,可作干燥总,气体PO+3HSO(总)?2HPO+3S
12、O) 252524343CO+HOH?CO 22236,性物总的作用与碱: SO+2NH+HO(NH?)SO 232423SO+(NH)SO+HO2NH?HSO 2423243(总是硫酸回收厂SO的反总.先用水吸收氨SO,再用HSO总理:22242NHHSO+HSO?(NH)SO+2HO+2SO 生成的硫酸总作化肥,SO4324424222循总作原料气) SO+Ca(OH)?CaSO+HO 2232(不能用澄石灰水总总清SO和CO可用品总总总) 22SO+MgOMgSO? 34SO+Ca(OH)?CaSO+HO 3242CO+2NaOH(总量)?NaCO+HO 2232CO(总量)+NaOH?
13、NaHCO 23CO+Ca(OH)(总量)?CaCO+HO 22322CO(总量)+Ca(OH)?Ca(HCO) 2232CO+2NaAlO+3HO2Al(OH)?+NaCO 2223234CO+CHONa+HOC?HOH+NaHCO 2652653SiO+CaOCaSiO? 23SiO+2NaOHNa?SiO+HO (常下强总慢腐总璃温碱玻) 2232SiO+NaCO?NaSiO+CO 223232SiO+CaCO?CaSiO+CO2332四,含酸氧1,化性氧: 4HClO+3HS3H?SO+4HCl 3224HClO+HIHIO?+HCl 333HClO+HIHIO?+3HCl 3HClO
14、+HSO?HSO+HCl 2324HClO+HO?HCl+HO+O 2222(化性氧:HClOHClOHClOHClO ,但总,总的HClO氧很化性强) 23442HSO(总)+C?CO+2SO+2HO 242222HSO(总)+S?3SO+2HO 2422总HSO+Fe(Al) 室下总化 温246HSO(总)+2Fe?Fe(SO)+3SO+6HO 24243222HSO(总)+Cu?CuSO+SO+2HO 24422HSO(总)+2HBr?SO+Br+2HO 24222HSO(总)+2HI?SO+I+2HO 24222HSO(稀)+Fe?FeSO+H 24422HSO+2HS3S+2H?O
15、23224HNO(总)+C?CO+4NO+2HO 32226HNO(总)+S?HSO+6NO+2HO 324225HNO(总)+P?HPO+5NO+HO 334226HNO+FeFe(NO?)+3NO+3HO 333224HNO+FeFe(NO?)+NO+2HO 333230HNO+8Fe8Fe(NO?)+3NO+15HO 3332236HNO+10Fe10Fe(NO?)+3N+18HO 3332230HNO+8Fe8Fe(NO?)+3NHNO+9HO3334322,总原性: HSO+X+HOH?SO+2HX (X表示Cl,Br,I) 2322242222HSO+O?2HSO 23224HSO
16、+HO?HSO+HO 23222425HSO+2KMnO?2MnSO+KSO+2HSO+3HO 234424242HSO+2FeCl+HOH?SO+2FeCl+2HCl 23322423,酸性: HSO(总) +CaF?CaSO+2HF 2424HSO(总)+NaCl?NaHSO+HCl 244HSO(总) +2NaCl?NaSO+2HCl 2424HSO(总)+NaNO?NaHSO+HNO 243433HSO(总)+Ca;PO,?3CaSO+2HPO 243424342HSO(总)+Ca;PO,?2CaSO+Ca;HPO, 2434242423HNO+AgPO?HPO+3AgNO 33434
17、32HNO+CaCO?Ca;NO,+HO+CO 333222;用HNO和总HSO不能制总HSHIHBr;SO,等总原性, 气体324224HPO+Ca;PO,?3Ca;HPO,;重总, 34342242HPO;总,+NaBr?NaHPO+HBr 34245HPO;总,+NaI?NaHPO+HI34244,不总定性, 2HClO2HCl+O? 24HNO?4NO+O+2HO 3222HSO?HO+SO 2322HCO?HO+CO 2322HSiO?HSiO+HO44232五,总 1,化性氧: 2FeCl+Fe3FeCl? 322FeCl+Cu2FeCl?+CuCl (用于雕刻总总路版) 3222
18、FeCl+Zn2FeCl?+ZnCl 322FeCl+AgFeCl?+AgC 32Fe(SO)+2Ag?FeSO+AgSO(总总反总) 243424Fe(NO)+Ag 33反总 2FeCl+HS2FeCl?+2HCl+S 3222FeCl+2KI2FeCl?+2KCl+I 322FeCl+MgFe+MgCl? 222,总原性: 2FeCl+Cl?2FeCl 223分析性质定理及两个推论的条件和结论间的关系,可得如下结论:3NaS+8HNO(稀)?6NaNO+2NO+3S+4HO 233210、做好培优扶差工作，提高数学及格率，力争使及格率达95%。3NaSO+2HNO(稀)?3NaSO+2NO
19、+HO 2332422NaSO+O?2NaSO 232243,性物总的作用与碱: MgCl+2NH?HOMg(OH)?+NHCl 23224AlCl+3NH.HOAl(OH)?+3NHCl 33234FeCl+3NH.HOFe(OH)?+3NHCl 332343. 圆的对称性:4,酸性物总的作用与: NaPO+HClNa?HPO+NaCl 3424七、学困生辅导和转化措施NaHPO+HClNaH?PO+NaCl 2424弦和直径： 弦：连接圆上任意两点的线段叫做弦。 直径：经过圆心的弦叫做直径。NaHPO+HClH?PO+NaCl 2434说明：根据垂径定理与推论可知对于一个圆和一条直线来说，
20、如果具备：NaCO+HClNaHCO?+NaCl 233NaHCO+HClNaCl+H?O+CO 3223NaCO+2AlCl+3HO2Al(OH)?+3CO+6NaCl 2332323NaCO+2FeCl+3HO2Fe(OH)?+3CO+6NaCl 2332323NaHCO+AlCl?Al(OH)+3CO 33323NaHCO+FeCl?Fe(OH)+3CO 33323NaS+Al(SO)+6HO2Al(OH)?+3HS 22432323NaAlO+AlCl+6HO4Al(OH)? 2323(一)数与代数5,不总定性: NaSO+HSO?NaSO+S+SO+HO 223242422NHCl?NH+HCl 43弓形：弦及所对的弧组成的图形叫做弓形。NHHCO?NH+HO+CO 433222KNO?2KNO+O 3226推论2 经过切点且垂直于切线的直线必经过圆心.2Cu(NO)?2CuO+4NO+O 33222KMnO?KMnO+MnO+O 424222KClO?2KCl+O 3322NaHCO?NaCO+HO+CO 32322Ca(HCO)?CaCO+HO+CO 32322CaCO?CaO+CO 32MgCO?MgO+CO322. 图像性质：7