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1、摘要:英国和丹麦的科学家日前发现，胡萝卜中含有的某种成分可以减少患癌症的危险。A team of researchers, from the Un iversity of Newcastle upon Tyne in En gla nd andDenmark, found the natural pesticide falcarinol reduced the risk of cancer.英国和丹麦的科学家日前发现，胡萝卜中含有的某种成分可以减少患癌症的危险。这一研究成果有望在抗癌药物的研制工作中发挥作用。据美国“每日科学”网站 2月18日报道，英国和丹麦科学家组成的研究小组日前发现 胡萝卜
2、中含有的天然杀虫剂镰叶芹醇（falcari nol）可以将小鼠患癌症的危险减少三分之一研究人员用24只小鼠进行了试验。在实验室条件下，他们用氧化偶氮甲烷诱发小鼠的 结肠肿瘤新生，并将小鼠分成3组，每组喂以不同的食物。18周后研究人员发现，食物中加有胡萝卜（普通的桔黄色胡萝卜）和食物中被加入了镰叶芹醇的小鼠，其肿瘤发生率减少了三分之一。对此，研究小组成员之一，英国纽卡尔斯大学的高级讲师柯尔斯顿勃兰特博士表示：“我们已经知道胡萝卜对我们的身体有好处，能够减少癌症的发病率，但我们不知道是什么成分在从中起作用。现在，我们工作是要弄清究竟食用多少镰叶芹醇才能够起到抗癌的作 用。另外，我们还想知道是不是某
3、些胡萝卜的抗癌效果要更好一些，因为现在的胡萝卜种类 很多，它们在颜色、形状和大小上都有所不同。”勃兰特同时表示，他们还将扩展研究领域， 对其它蔬菜也进行相关的研究。勃兰特博士建议人们在吃其它蔬菜水果的同时，每天食用一小根胡萝卜。虽然高量剂的镰叶芹醇对人体有害，但是只有一次性食用 400公斤的胡萝卜才会有致命危险，所以人们对 此不必过分担心。在研究过程中，科学家使用的是生胡萝卜，所以他们目前还不清楚吃煮熟的胡萝卜或是 喝胡萝卜汁是不是也具有同样的效果。但无论怎样，这项研究结果都具有重大的实际意义， 它能给消费者和蔬菜种植者带来合理的相关建议，同时还能给抗癌药物的研发工作带来很大启发。报道说，这项
4、研究成果被发表在2月份的农业和食品化学杂志上。（王高山）A team of researchers, from the Un iversity of Newcastle upon Tyne in En gla nd andDenmark, found the natural pesticide falcarinol reduced the risk of cancer develop ing in rats by one third.Although experts have recomme nded that people eat carrots for their an ti-ca nce
5、r properties, it has not bee n known exactly what comp onent ofthe vegetable has thiseffect.The study results, published today in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, are sig ni fica ntas they could con tributeto healthy eat ing advice for con sumers andrecomme ndati ons for growers and m
6、ay even tually aid the developme nt of an ti-ca ncer drugs.Falcari nolprotects carrots from fun gal diseases, such as liquorice rot that causesblack spots on the roots duri ng storage. The scie ntists in vestigated the compo und after a previous published study suggested it could preve nt the develo
7、pme nt ofcancer.The research team carried out tests on 24 rats with pre-ca ncerous tumours in laboratory con diti ons. They divided them into three groups and fed them differe nt diets.The team found that, after 18 weeks, rats who ate carrots (the popular orange variety) along with their ordinary fe
8、ed and the group which con sumed falcari nol with their|feed - in a qua ntity equal to that contained in the carrots - were one third less likely to develop full-scale tumours than the rats in the control group.Dr Kirste n Bran dt, a senior lecturer with Newcastle Un iversitys School ofAgriculture,
9、Food and Rural Developme nt, carried out the research with theUni versity of Souther n Denmark and the Danish In stitute of Agricultural Scien ces.|She said: We already know that carrots are good for us and can reduce the risk of cancer but un til now we have not known which eleme nt of the vegetabl
10、e has these|special properties.Our research allows us to make a more qualitative assessment of the vegetables we are eating,rather than quantitative.Wenow need to take it a step further by findingout how much falcarinolis needed to prevent the development of cancer and if certain-1types of carrot ar
11、e better tha n others, as there are many varieties in existe nee, of differe nt shapes, colours and sizes.We could also expa nd our research to in clude other vegetables. For con sumers, itmay soon no Ion ger be a case of advis ing them to eat five portions of fruit andvegetables per day but to eat
12、particulartypes of these in certa in qua ntities.Themethodsresearch could also lead to more tailored advice for growers regarding the they should use whe n grow ing vegetables.Falcari nol is toxic in large amounts but to obta in a lethal dose you would have to eat 400 kilograms of carrots at on ce. Researchers suspect it is effective because it stimulates mechanisms in the body that fight cancer, although they have yet to carry out a detailed an alysis in this respect.