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1、高中英语状语从句详解表格例句指南状语从句状语是用来修饰动、形、副词的句子成分。由副词，介词短语，分词，分词短语，不定式，从句来充当。可以表示地点，时间(伴随)，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步，程度，方式，比较。位置可在句首、中、末。状语从句- , 时间状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, by the time, as soon as, once, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the time, the day, each time,
2、 every time, any time, on doing sth, on ones+ noun., no soonerthan, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, , 地点状语从句:where, wherever, , 原因状语从句:because, since, as, now(that), seeing that, considering that, in that, for, , 目的状语从句:so, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest , 结果状语从句:so, sothat, suchthat
3、 , 条件状语从句:if, unless, as long as, so long as, in case, if only , 方式状语从句:as, (just) asso, as if / as though , 让步状语从句:though, although, as, even if, even though, whether, while, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who/ what/ which/ when/ where/ how, , 比较状语从句:asas, not
4、as (so)as, the same as, than, the more, the more,引导状语从句例句(低级) 词 的种类 I was doing my homework _my mother came in. 时 _they are waiting for the New Year, they listen to music. 间 Do not make any noise _ I am recording. 状 People waved flags _the parade went down the street. 语 He did not go to bed _his fat
5、her came back. 从 I will wait for you _ you come to see me. He waited _all the people left. 句 He telephoned that he couldnt come _the concert began. Mother always prepares supper _I come back from school. I will go out to play basketball with you _ I finish my homework. We start to sing _it is 12 ocl
6、ock. We began to work _we got there. _weather stops me, I go for a walk every day. 条件状 I will visit the Great Wall _ doesnt rain tomorrow. 语从句 I will go there right now _he invites me. I like to eat apples _ its good for my health. 原因状 _everyone is here, lets begin our meeting. 语从句 He failed in the
7、exam _ he was too careless. _ no one is against it, lets carry out the plan. She dressed like a man _ she could join the army. 目的状 I got up very early _ I could get to school on time. 语从句 Well sit nearer the front _ we can hear better. Mike wanted to help people _ he become a doctor. 结果状 He worked t
8、oo hard _he fell it again. 语从句 He was _ excited _ he couldnt go to sleep last night. He got up _ late _ he missed the train. He is _ tall _ he can reach the top to the blackboard. _ the weather is sunny, theres always snow high in the mountains. 让步状 _ she wants to go to Paris, she doesnt want to fly
9、. 语从句 She wants to go to Paris, _she doesnt want to fly. 引导状从的种例句(高级) 词 类 He was working at the table when I went in. 时 Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 间 I used to love that film when I was a child, 状 The telephone was ringing when I got home. 语 I was surfing the internet when sudde
10、nly the electricity was cut off. 从 be about to dowhen, be doingwhen, had donewhen 句 be on ones waywhen, be on the point of doingwhen - My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. Please dont talk so loud while others are working. I want the girls to experience that while they are young. (I
11、like watching TV while he likes reading.) - He hurried home, looking behind as he went. As I get older, I get more optimistic. As a boy (When he was a boy), he was hopeless at maths. 有时候As后接一个名词，相当于时间状语从句。He told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and 时间 return to wo
12、rk. 状语 It will be a long time before we meet them again. 从句 It will not be long before we meet them again. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. before引导的从句不用否定式。(也不能用在句子开头,) You may stay here until the rain stops. I waited for him until he came back. 时间 He didnt go to bed unt
13、il he had finished his work. 状语 They didnt reach the village till it was dark. 从句 I worked until he came back. I didnt work until he came back. 主句肯定，谓语只能是延续性+ until/till.(主句动作)直到(从句动作)为止。+ until/till直到(从句动作)才开始(主动作) 主句否定，谓语可是终止或延续Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. It was not un
14、til the professor came that we began the experiment. Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining the compound. till 不放在句首，不用在强调句中，not until 放在句首时，主句用倒装语序。 I havent heard from him since he left. He hasnt seen me since I lived here. 时间 He hasnt seen me since I have lived here. 状语 He has never b
15、een to see me since I was ill. 从句 He has never been to see me since I have been ill. Ive known Mr. Smith since I was a boy. He has studied very hard since he came to our school. I havent heard any noise since I slept. - Its two years since we arrived here. Its been quite some time since I was last i
16、n London. Its half a month since he was a League member. Its a long time since he didnt study English(X) Its a long time since he studied English. It was three years since we had been here. By the time you came back, I had finished reading the book. 时间状 By the time you come here tomorrow, I will hav
17、e finished this work. 语从句 The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 时间状 You grow younger every time I see you. 语从句 the time, the day, each time, any time (名词短语引导时间状语从句) As soon as he arrives, Ill tell him. Well leave the minute you are ready. 时间状 The moment I saw him, I recognized him. I left i
18、mmediately the clock struck 5. 语从句 You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence. “一就” directly, instantly, , - On arriving at the station, the thief was arrested. On his arrival at classroom, the teacher came and the bell rang. On his arrival in Paris, he was recognized as a nobl
19、e and thrown into prison. “一就”, on doing sth; on ones + noun. I had no sooner reached the bus stop than the bus started. 时间状 I had scarcely / hardly entered the room when the phone rang. 语从句 . “刚就”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain. Hardly / scarcely had I entered
20、 the room when the phone rang. 表示否定意义的词或短语放在句首时，主句倒装。 When (you are) in trouble, you can visit this man. 时间状 Dont speak until (you are) spoken to. 时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，语从句 be动词出现时，从句可省略主语和be动词。 从句又有When I came into the room (When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep.当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句
21、主语相同时，用when+分词。 I _(ring) you up as soon as I _ (get) to Beijing. 时间状 I_(wait) for you till you _(come) to see me. 语从句 You can go home after you finish your homework. 主句是一般将来时或谓语含有情态动词时，由when, before, after, as soon as, until 等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时-主将从现。 He wants to be a doctor when he grows up. 主句谓语是want
22、, hope, wish等动词when, before, after, as soon as, until 等引导的时间状语从句的一般现在时，由用一般现在时Look before you leap. 主句是祈使句时，由when, before, after, until等 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。- We must camp where we can get water. Where there is a will, there is a way. 地点状 Youd better not leave the medicine where kids can get at it. 语从句
23、Make a mark where you have any questions. Go back where you came from. Go back to the village where you came from. - He didnt go with us because he was ill. 原 It was because he was ill that didnt go with us. 强调句型中只能用because. 因 An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much. 状 -W
24、hy is he absent? -Because he is sick. 语 原因通常是听话人所不知道的，表示原因的语气最强，回答why的提问。可从 句 Because.so.(X) 单独存在，Since everyone makes mistakes, you shouldnt always criticize him. Since no one is against it, lets carry out the plan. since表原因的语气次于because, 指显然的或为人们已知的事实理由，可以译成“既然，鉴于”，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。常置于句首。As he wasnt r
25、eady in time, we went without him. As you are leaving last, lock up. As you object, we wont go. as的含义since类似，语气最弱，引导的原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般置于句首。 和- He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. She cant have done that, for she is not that kind of girl. He must be ill,
26、for he is absent today. The days are short, for it is now December. It must have rained, for the ground is wet. The ground is wet because it has rained. for引导的原因较简接，是对某种情况加以推断，似乎是事后所想到的补充解释或附加的理由，逻辑关系不一定是因果关系。一般置于全句之后。He felt no fear, for/ because he was a brave boy. 两个分句间有一定的因果关系for/ because 可以互换。
27、时，很难区分是直接原因还是推测性原因，forbecause 有时与意义相似，表示的原因往往提供上文未交待过的情况。- Now (that) everybody is here, lets begin. Now that 用来说明一种新情况，然since类似，强调人们已知的事实。位于句首时，that 可省略。 后加以推论。与- Why is she training to be a teacher when she doesnt even like children. How can he learn anything when he spend all his spare time watch
28、ing television? Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one? when有时也可引导原因状语从句，相当于since/ now that表示“既然”。 - We agree to postpone the shipping date, considering (that) there is no steamer recently. Seeing that its raining hard, the fete will probably be cancelled. - As the little boy wa
29、s hurt seriously, he couldnt see anything. Being hurt seriously, the little boy couldnt see anything. 原因状语从句有时可有省略形式，用分词形式，但主句和从句的主语应该一致。Do as you like. I am as you can imagine short of money. 方 Just as water is to fish, so air is to man. (as; (just) asso;) 式 状 It seems as if the boy has lost his wa
30、y.(从句与事实相符，用陈述语气) The man walked as if he were drunk. (从句与事实不符，用虚拟语气) 语 Our teacher treats us as though we were her children.(与事实不符，用虚拟语气) 从 as if, as though 方式状从与事实相符，用陈述语气，与事实不符，用虚拟语气) 句 The girl stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone. The woman teacher hurriedly left the classroom
31、as though (she was) angry. Kate seemed as if (she was) good at dancing. 方式状从中主语和句子主语一致，后面紧跟be的形式时，可以省略主语和be Mr. Smith had overslept so he was late for work. The train was so full that I 结 could hardly turn around. She is such a nice girl that we all like her. 果 - 状 Its so dark that he couldnt see th
32、e faces of his companions. so+形/副+that从句 语 There is so little water that you cant drink. so+much/little+不可数名词+ that 从 So+many/few+可数名词复数+ that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+ that. 句 Tom is so kind a boy that they all like to make friends with him. - She is such a good girl that she can help you. These were suc
33、h difficult questions that none of us could answer. Pop music is such an important part of society that it has even influenced our language. such+ a+形容词+可数名词单数+ that such+ 形容词+可数名词复数+ that such+形容词+不可数名词+ that I am so happy that you could visit us. (so=very) that引导宾语从句 Its such a great pleasure that
34、 you are here. that引导的主语从句。 Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better. 目 He studied hard so that he might succeed. 的 Betty got up early in order that she might catch the train. 状 in order that常用于正式文体，可置于句首或尾. so that置句尾, that可省略。 语 so that引导目的状从表示的是意欲或可能性，引导结果状从表示的是一种事从 can/could, may/mig
35、ht, will/would. 句 实。形式上看有无逗号，从句中谓动是否有Weve come early so that the meeting can begin promptly. We are all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last. - He left early in case he should miss the train. We all seemed afraid to say what was in our minds, for fear that it should cause trouble. I shall
36、 write it down lest I should forget. lest和 for fear that引导的从句须用should+动词原形表虚拟语气。 - He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. , He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock. so that,so as to, 主从句的主语相同时。 He worked day and night in order that he could succeed , He worked day a
37、nd night in order to succeed. in order that,in order to 主从句的主语相同时。 The teacher raised his voice in order that the students in the back could hear more clearly. , The teacher raised his voice in order for the students in the back to hear more clearly. in order that,in order for sb to主从句的主语不一致时。 The r
38、esult was not as /so good as I had expected. 比 They want peace as much as we do. asas., not as(so)as, the same as. 较 Engines are to machines what /as hearts are to animals. 状 what / as 可引导对称成对比关系的状语从句。 语 - 从 The new rule worked out better than we had planned. 句 She is not more enthusiastic about her
39、 job than she used to do. - The more you read, the better you understand. (= If you read more, you will understand better.) The more difficult the questions are, the more likely I am to be able to answer them. If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 条 Well have a picnic in the park
40、 this Sunday unless it rains or its very cold. 件 I will go there so long as he invites me. 状 Man is ready to die for an idea, provided that idea were not clear to him. 语 Leave your key with a neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. 从 Provided ( that) 或 providing (that); unless = if not; if =
41、 not unless 句 You can enter the hall if you have a ticket. You cant enter the hall unless you have a ticket. I will let you operate this machine on condition that you follow the operating rules Use your head and youll find a way.= If you use your head, youll find a way. 祈使句(相当于条件状语从句) +and/ or/ or e
42、lse/ otherwise. 顶点坐标：（，）I will go if you go. I wont wait for him unless he rings me tomorrow. If it _(rain) today, Ill have to stay at home. I wonder if it _( rain) today. Come tomorrow if possible. If so, you must go back and get it. Ill buy a TV set if necessary. If引导的条件状从有be系动词，可用省略形式。 类似的常用表达:if any, if in need He has no money. If any, he will give us. Though/ Although he was worn out, he kept on working. 让 Though/ Although he had no qualification, (yet) he got the job. (still) (but X) 步 We had to wait half an hour although we had already booked a