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1、初一英语初一英语寒假专题寒假专题易混词辨析易混词辨析湘教版湘教版【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容： 寒假专题易混词辨析学习过程一. 名词部分 evening 与 morning 相对应 in the evening; good evening night 与 day 相对应 at night, good night 1 midnight 指夜里 12 时，午夜 at midnight class 是一个集体名词，指整体是“班级，全班”，指个体“班级里的学生” This class is a good class. The class are listening to the teac
2、her. 2 classmate 同班同学 All my classmates like playing computer games. Miss “小姐,未婚” Mrs “夫人”，指已婚女子 3 Mr “先生，阁下” China 国家名“中国” Chinese 中国人，汉语，做形容词指“中国人的，中国的” 4 国名： America, England, France, Italy 等；国籍、语言：American, English, French,Italian family 指组成家庭的成员，是“家人，家族，一家”的意思 He has a family of three. home 指家庭
3、，包括家人、家居、家园 She left home at the age of sixteen 5 house 指家居，即建筑 He bought a big house clothes 总称，指各种衣服 I want to wash my clothes. cloth 布 There is a piece of cloth on the table. coat 大衣，外衣 dress 裙子，连衣裙 skirt 裙子，短裙子 shirt 衬衫 6 suit 一套衣服 people 是一个复数形式，指“人民，人们”不能指一个人 He lives for the people, and dies
4、for the people. 7 man 通常指“男人”，也指“人类” There are two men in the room. 二. 形容词、副词部分 fine 形容词，放在名词前修饰名词，表示“好的”，还可用于问候时。 fine weather; Im fine. nice 形容词，放在名词前修饰名词，表示“好的” a nice boy; Nice to meet you! good 形容词，放在名词前修饰名词，表示“好的” good news 1 well 做形容词时只能放在动词之后，表达“健康，妥善”的意思。用于问候时 I feel well. not 做副词，意思是“不” He
5、 is not a student. 2 no 做形容词和副词，意思是“不”。 No one.(adj); No, it isnt.(adv) short 表示“矮的，短的” tall 表示“高的”，反义词是 short 3 long 表示“长的”，反义词是 short old 表示“老的”，反义词是 young; 表示“旧的”，反义词是 new。 new 表示“新的” 4 young 表示“年轻的，小的” light 表示“轻的”，反义词是 heavy; 表示“浅色的”，反义词是 dark dark 表示“深色的” 5 heavy 表示“重的，沉的” many 表示“许多的”，修饰可数名词
6、6 much 表示“许多的”，修饰不可数名词 soon 表示“不久，很快”，指时间上的短暂，是副词。 He will come back soon. fast 表示“快的”，可做副词和形容词，指速度快。 He runs fast. 7 quick 表示“快的，迅速”形容词，指动作迅速。a quick move little 表示“几乎没有，很少”，含有否定意义，修饰不可数名词。 There is little water in the bottle, I will buy some. 8 few 表示“几乎没有，很少”，含有否定意义，修饰可数名词 。 Few people like the c
7、old. expensive 表示“贵的”，指价格上的 Thats too expensive. 9 dear 表示“贵的”，指超过实际价值 Fruits are very dear at that time of a year. interesting 表示“令人感兴趣的”，表示物的特征。 interested 表示“感兴趣的”表示人的心理。有词组“be interested in” 10 类似的用法还有：excited, exciting 等 lonely 形容词，表示“孤单，寂寞”的情绪。 He is a very lonely boy. 11 alone 形容词，只做表语；做副词，可修
8、饰动词。表示“独自一人” But the children are not alone. She is sitting in bed alone. too 用于肯定句，一般在句尾 I am a student, too. also 用于肯定句，一般在句中 I am also a student. 12 either 用于否定句，一般在句尾 I dont have one, either. 三. 动词部分 study 表示“学习”，还含有研究的意味。 1 learn 表示“学习”。 have 表示“吃”，还可以表示有。 2 eat 表示“吃”。 like 表示“喜欢”，一般用词。 love 表示
9、“喜欢”到了“热爱”的程度。 3 enjoy 表示“喜欢”，含有非常“享受”的意味。 be sorry 表示“对不起”，用于做错事，道歉。 excuse 表示“对不起”，打扰别人或与陌生人搭话。 4 pardon 表示“对不起”，没听清楚别人的话，请求重复一遍。 look “看，看起来”的意思，不及物动词，look at ; look like see “看见”的意思，及物动词。 5 watch “观看”的意思。 sound “听起来”的意思，还可做名词，表示“声音”。 listen “听”的意思，listen to 6 hear “听见”的意思。 bring 指将某物或某人从别处“带来”或“
10、拿来”。 May I bring Tom to see you next Monday? take 指将某物或某人从这里“带到”或“拿到”某处。 Could you take it to the classroom? 7 carry 指随身携带，不表示来去的方向。Can you carry the bag? speak “说”，常用来指人们对语言的使用或掌握，不强调说话的内容。 They speak English and French. say “说”，及物动词，着重指说话的内容。 Did you say anything? talk “说”不及物动词，指连续的说话或与人交谈。 8 tell
11、 “告诉，讲述，吩咐”。 buy “买”的意思。 9 take 除表示“拿，带”等意思，也可用来表示“买”。 find “找到，发现”的意思，强调结果。 10 look for “寻找”的意思，强调过程。 can “能，可能”。 may “可以，或许”。 must “必须，一定”，强调客观情况。 have to “不得不”，强调人的主观心理。 11 need 既可做情态动词，又可做实义动词。 need to do, 表示“需要，必要”。 四. 介词部分 in：用于年份，月份之前，另 in the morning / afternoon / evening on：用于具体的某天之前，如日期、星期
12、等 at：具体的时间前，另在节日前，还有 at noon / night【模拟试题模拟试题】I. 单项选择 1. This is a girl. _ name is Kate. A. She B. Her C. Its D. His 2. I can see four _ on the table. A. cake B. a cake C. cakes D. the cake 3. Mr Green has three _: Jim, Jeff and Jean. A. sons B. daughters C. twins D. children 4. Mum, _ is my friend,
13、 Li Lei. Li Lei, _ is my mother. A. he; she B. she; he C. this; this D. this; that 5. “Whats that _ English?” “I dont know.” A. in B. on C. for D. at 6. _, Jim. Can you colour it red? A. Sorry B. Im sorry C. Excuse me D. Thank you 7. Ann! That bag _ yours. A. looks after B. looks like C. look like D
14、. looks 8. Its time for bed. Please _ your shoes and clothes, Tom. A. put on B. look after C. look at D. take off 9. We can see a boy, a girl _ a man in that room. A. or B. but C. too D. and 10. Tom is _ brother. A. Lucy and LilysB. Lucys and Lily C. Lucys and LilysD. Lucy and Lily II. 选择正确的对话语序 11.
15、 Which woman?Whos that woman? Shes my teacher.The one on the red bike. A. B. C. D. 12.No, it isnt. Its a jeep. Whats that? Is it yours? A. B. C. D. 13. Great! Lets go and have a look.Whats in it? Wheres Tom?Theres a tree house there. Hes up there in the tree with Bill.In the tree? Why? Theres a smal
16、l bed, a table and a clock. A. B. C. D. III. 阅读理解（A） My name is Ling Feng. I am a Chinese boy. At school I have a good friend, Mike. He is an English boy. He is twelve, but I am thirteen. We are in No. 5 Middle School. We are in the same grade, but we are in different (不同的) classes. Mikes sister is
17、not a student. She is four. His mother can look after her at home. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）： 14. Mike is Ling Fengs friend at school.15. Ling Feng and Mike have the same age. 16. The two boys are in the same schools. 17. Mikes sister is a student, too. 18. From this passage (从这篇短文中) , we can know the
18、mothers name.（B） I have a good friend in my home. It is a bird. Its name is Polly. Its three. It is yellow and very beautiful (美丽). I play with it after school. My classmates-Ann and Kate often(时常) come to see it. Polly sings (唱歌) every day. I teach (教)it to sing the “ABC”. Now it can sing the“ABC”.
19、 I like it very much. 根据短文内容，回答问题。 19. Who is my friend? A. Polly. B. Ann. C. Mike. D. Kate. 20. Is Polly a bird? A. No, it is. B. No, it isnt. C. Yes, it is. D. Yes, it isnt. 21. How old is Polly? A. One. B. Five. C. Three. D. Four. 22. Who teaches (教) Polly to sing the “ABC”? A. I do. B. You do. C
20、. She does. D. He does. 23. Wheres Polly? A. Its a school. B. Its in my home. C. Its in the sky (天空). D. Its in a tree.（C） 24. Ann is _. A. Lucys motherB. Sams grandma C. Mikes grandpaD. Kates daughter 25. We call (叫) Ann Brown _ now. A. Mrs Jim B. Miss Ann C. Miss Brown D. Mrs Green 26. Kate is _.
21、A. Sams mother B. Lucys father C. Mikes sister D. Mikes brother 27. There are _ people in Anns family. A. four B. six C. eight D. two 28. Sue is _. A. Lucys aunt B. Jims daughter C. Kates sister D. Bills sister IV. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Li Lei _ (be) at school. 2. There _ (be) some books on the desk. 3. Wh
22、ats in _ (Jim) room? 4. _ (come) and meet the family. 5. Where _ (be) Lucys shoes? 6. Lets _ (look) at the map on the wall. 7. Miss Gao is _ (they) teacher. 8. Its time _ (go) to bed. 9. Kate is a new student. Shes _. (America) 10. Where are your _ (box)? V. 用所给的疑问词（组）填空 what colour, what, how, how
23、old, where, who, what class, which, how many, what time 1. -_ are you in? -Im in Class 1. 2. -_ are you? -Im 13. 3. -_ is one and two? -Its three. 4. -_ is the boy? -Hes my brother. 5. -_ is Tom? -Hes at home. 6. -_ are you? -Im fine. 7. -_ is it? -Its red. 8. -_ girl? -The one in the white hat. 9.
24、-_ kites can you see? -Ten. 10. -_ is it? -Its a quarter to nine. VI. （A）用所给词完成下列对话，每空一词。 no, sorry, number, speak, this, it A: Hello! May I _1_ to Mr Liu? B: Mr Liu? There is _2_ Mr Liu here. Who is this, please? A: _3_ is Jack. Is _4_ 62335676? B: No. Thats a wrong _5_. A: Oh, _6_. B: Thats OK. (d
25、ial again 重播号) B）用所给字母提示继续完成下列对话，每空一词。 C: H_7_! A: Yes. Is that Mr Liu? C: Jack. My friend Bill cant f_8_ his gloves. Can you h_9_ him find it? C: Yes. Please c_10_ to my room. There are a pair of (一副) gloves here. Maybe (或许) they are h_11_. A: Good. Well come soon. See y_12_ later. C: Bye-bye.【试题答案
26、试题答案】选择题I. 1. B2. C3. D4. C5. A 6. C7. B8. D9. D10. AII. 11. D12. C13. DIII. 14. T15. F 16. T17. F18. F19. A20. C 21. C22. A23. B24. B25. D 26. C27. C28.A非选择题IV. 1. is2. are3. Jims4. Come 5. are6. look7. their8. to go 9. American10. boxes V. 1. What class2. How old3. What4. Who 5. Where6. How7. What colour8. Which 9. How many10. What time VI. 1. speak2. no3. This4. it 5. number6. sorry7. Hello8. find 9. help10. come11. his12. you