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1、重点语法讲义及练习题目1. 动词的时态和语态11 动词的时态和语态一览表时态语态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时主动被动 doare done didwere done will dowill be done现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时主动被动 are doingare being done were doingwere being done will be doing现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时主动 被动 have donehave been done had donehad been done will have donewill have been done现在完成进行时
2、主动 被动 have been doing1.2 动词主要时态的意义及运用1) 现在完成时，过去完成时和将来完成时英语提示语：up to now, so far, for three years, since 1995, over past ten years, by the end of this week, by the year of 1995汉语提示语：已经，早已，了e.g. We havent met each other since last year.By the end of this week, well have finished the task.2) 现在完成进行时从过
3、去一直持续到现在，没有间断，重点语法讲义及练习。汉语提示语：一直e.g. The water has been running the whole night.3) 过去完成时a) said, reported, thought 等引导的间接引语中。e.g. He missed the train. He said he had missed the train.b) hardlywhen, no sooner thane.g. No sooner had he got up than he received the call.c) 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的条件状语从句中e.g. If I
4、had tried harder, I would have won.I wish I had done better in the exam.历年考题中的动词时态和语态1. Much of the carbon in the earth _ (come) from things that once lived.2. In the past two decades, research _ (expand) our knowledge about sleep and dream.3. Some proverbs _ (be) in the language for 1,000 years, fo
5、r example, A friend in need is a friend indeed.4. _ (stand) at the gate was a young man in green coat.5. In 1991, after the Gulf War, Bushs approved rating reached 91 percent, the highest level recorded since polling _ (begin) in the 19302.6. Seeing violence on television or reading about it in the
6、newspapers every day _ (make) us tolerate crime more than we should.7. So far, Irving _ (live) in New York City for ten years.8. The patient _ (send) to another hospital before we got there.9. The second half of the nineteenth century _ (witness) the first extended translation into English of the wr
7、itings of Eliphas Levi.10. All the worries they might have felt for him _ (drive) off by the sight of his cheerful face.Key:1. comes 一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，谓语用单数2. has expanded 现在完成时3. has been 现在完成时4. Standing 过去进行时的倒装形式5. began 一般过去时6. makes 一般现在时，动名词做主语，谓语用单数7. has been living 现在完成进行时8. had been sent 过去完
8、成时的被动形式9. witnessed 一般过去时10. were driven 一般过去时的被动2. 非谓语动词2.1 动词主要时态和语态一览表非谓语动词 形式 意义现在分词一 般 式 Doing 主动, 正在进行被 动 式 being done 被动, 正在进行完成主动式 having done 主动, 已经完成完成被动式 having been done 被动, 已经完成过去分词 Done 被动, 已经完成动词不定式一 般 式 To do 主动,将要进行被 动 式 To be done 被动, 将要进行完成主动式 To have done 主动, 已经完成进行主动式 To be doing 主动, 正在进行2.2. 非谓语动词作状语动词不定式：1【重点语法讲义及练习题目】5