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1、人教版二年级上册数学对称图形说课稿二年级数学上册对称图形说课稿 尊敬的各位评委老师: 上午好 今天我说课的内容是二年级数学上册对称图形。 一、说教材(课件) 1、教材简析: 首先，我对教材进行简单的分析。本课的内容是人教版义务教育课程标准实验教科书二年级数学上册第68页对称图形。 这节课是在学生已经学过一些平面图形的特征，形成一定空间观念的基础上进行教学的，对于低年级学生来说，对称的现象并不太熟悉，为此，教材在编写时注重直观性和可操作性，呈现的教学内容是通过蝴蝶、蜻蜓、树叶和脸谱的实物图让学生观察引出对称的概念，为了能帮助学生顺利理解轴对称现象，找准对称轴，在理解教材的基础上，我把原教材进行灵
2、活的调整，力求体现新知识的层次与深度，将主题图蝴蝶、蜻蜓 树叶和脸谱融合贯穿于每个环节中，将主题图的蝴蝶设计成小书签，作为认识对称轴的学具，用神舟六号成功飞向太空，这样生动振奋人心的场面来导入新课，根据课程标准和教材特点，依据从具体到抽象的认知规律以及儿童的心理特点我确定以下教学目标。 2、 教学目标:(课件) 【认知目标】:通过观察，实物操作，初步认识轴对称现象。能判断出哪些东西是对称的，并能找出它们的对称轴，学会画对称轴。 【能力目标】:培养学生自主探究、观察、比较和概括的能力，以及小组合作意识，引导学生在合作中交流、学习、互动。 to find solutions. Especially
3、 valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide services to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, hands-on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBru
4、sh factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large proj
5、ects to introduce change, strengthening project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities
6、on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 mill
7、ion Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys four pillar industries, large projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the 【情感目标】:通过情境画面的引入，渗透爱国教育和审美教育，激发学生学习兴趣，也让学生感受到对称的美，学会欣赏数学美。 【评价目标】:用评价来考察学生的学习情况，激发学生的学习热情。让学生学会评价他人，评价自己，建立自信。 这样的目
8、标设计打破了传统概念教学的规律，从过于注重概念本身转化到更多的关注学生的学习过程和情感体验，立足教学目标多元化，不仅要使学生掌握认知目标，还要在学生的学习过程中发展各方面的能力，体会对称的美学价值。 3、教学重、难点:(课件) 本节课的教学重、难点是认识轴对称图形的基本特征，理解什么是对称。4、教学准备:多媒体课件、游戏头像、剪刀、彩色纸、几何图片等。 接下来说说本节课的教法与学法。 二、说教法(课件) 新课标指出，教无定法，贵在得法。数学教学活动必须建立在学生的认知发展水平和已有的知识经验基础之上，对于低年级学生来说，他们的学习比较积极，但不稳定，知识和思维都有一定的局限性。多数学生操作、口
9、述、思考未能很好的有机结合，缺乏有序性和准确性。针对这种情况，我注重丰富学生对形状的感受和认知，联系实际生活，创设问题情境，采用: 直观演示法(课件) 设疑诱导法(课件) 操作发现法(课件) 来组织学生开展探索性的学习活动，让他们在自主探索中学习新知，经历more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the te investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys
10、 four pillar industries, large projects andor Stain Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, fd, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office a
11、ct anI work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, k. Liare directly involved in the project, fr
12、om the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a moality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively woron, real
13、offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service qu-ssmen and for major projects, micromanaging, handsinglaisongwang, provide services to invite busineto find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beiji
14、ng, the considerable work in blue, from y- 2 - 探索，获得新知。 三、说学法(课件) 有效的数学学习活动不是单纯的依赖模仿与记忆，而是一个有目的、主动建构知识的过程。为此，我十分重视学生学习方法的指导，在本节课中 ，我指导学生学习的方法为: 动手操作法(课件) 自主探究法(课件) 观察发现法(课件) 合作交流法(课件) 让他们在议一议、剪一剪、折一折、说一说、画一画等一系列活动中感知对称的特征。以下是我的教学设计: 四、教学程序(课件) 第一个环节是 (一)设景激趣，导入新课。(课件) 我先播放一段录像，请看:在播放录像过程中，我打算边解说:“同学
15、们，我们祖国真伟大，是第三个将人类带上太空的国家，真为我们祖国感到骄傲。”接着用课件演示将神舟六号(宇宙飞船)的样子画下来，再出示交通工具飞机和汽车，也将它们的样子画下来。将实物抽象成平面图形。用课件演示将图形对折，让学生观察三幅图的左边和右边的形状大小，通过观察学生能发现图形的左右两边形状大小一样，从而自然的引出课题: 对称图形( 板书) 通过播放录像，创设情境，自然的导入新课，一方面是对学生进行爱国主义教育;另一方面是吸引学生的注意力，激发探究知识的积极性，也使学生体会到数学来自于生活，达到课始趣生的效果。 第二个环节是 , provincial, for State investment
16、 of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys four pillar industrieLiaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national rict).horities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, t
17、imely feedback on the city and the County (distction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial autonstruning project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to nationa
18、l che shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengtheand tecond, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, Pingliang, Pingliang building and printing
19、Brush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. S on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in-vices to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, handsly valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in
20、 blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide serto find solutions. Especialrge projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp thes, la- 3 - (二)自主探究，感悟新知。(课件) 1、认识对称 (课件) 探索是数学的生命线，倡导探索性学习，引导学生经历知识的获取过程，是当前小学数学教学改革的理念。了解对称的特征是本节课的重点，在这环节中我设计了4个层次:剪一剪、说一说、折
21、一折、辨一辨(课件)。在每个层次的教学过程中，我大胆放手让学生通过小组合作，自主探索，动手操作来发现对称的特征，把探索的时间和空间交给学生，让每个学生都参与到活动中来。一开始我神秘的说:“同学们，老师剪了一个对称的图形，想看看是什么吗,”边说边出示对折的蝴蝶图，让学生猜。当学生猜出是蝴蝶时，我将它打开并贴在黑板上，并告诉学生:老师还将蝴蝶制作成小书签送给大家。这样设计有两个目的，一是鼓励学生认真学习，积极参与学习活动;二是将小书签作为后面认识对称轴的学具。接着让他们在小组内互相交流，怎样剪才是一个对称图形。再让他们合作，尝试剪出对称图形。我先让学生相互交流的目的是让他们感受到别人的思维方法和过
22、程，以改变自己在认知方式上的单一性，在相互争论、补充、交流中找到恰当的方法。 剪一剪 (操作感知)(课件) 说一说 (汇报结果)(课件) 学生们在自主探究，动手操作的过程中，我进行巡视。当发现有学生懂得先对折再剪时，我请他把剪好的图形进行展示。(师举剪好的图形)并说一说是怎样剪的。如果学生能说，我先对折再剪就是一个对称图形时，我会对学生的回答及时给予表扬，让他们尝到成功的喜悦。 折一折 (形成概念)(课件) te investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys four pillar
23、industries, large projects andor Stain Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial, fd, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office act anI work a
24、 top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, k. Liare directly involved in the project, from the small
25、projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, and the shift to a moality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively woron, real offices full
26、service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service qu-ssmen and for major projects, micromanaging, handsinglaisongwang, provide services to invite busineto find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the consi
27、derable work in blue, from ymore mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the- 4 - 接着我再引导学生把剪好的图形再对折一下看看，发现了什么,估计学生通过动手操作能发现对折后图形两边叠在一起的形状大小一样，根据学生的回答，我归纳出对称的概念并板书: 完全重合 对折 (手拿图形)对折后，图形两边叠在一起形状大小一样，我们说它们两边完全重合，这样的图形就是对称图形。学生通过动手操作，自主探究，已经知道什么是对称了。 辨一辨 (反馈感知)(
28、课件)。 再出示一些图片让学生来辨别哪些图形是对称的。安排的顺序是从形象的生活图案到抽象的图形，对于学生难辨别的图形通过演示来验证。这样，学生就对对称的现象更加清晰了。 2、认识对称轴(课件) 现代课程论认为，在教学过程中，教师不应只是被动的按照教材内容进行教学，在这环节中，我结合学生好玩好动的心理特点，选择贴近生活的蝴蝶制作成小书签，作为认识对称轴的学具。让学生在轻松、愉悦的氛围中学的乐此不疲。同时也体现了新课程标准要求的氛围目标，在教学对称轴之前，我先对刚才表现出来的积极性给予肯定，并奖励每人一个蝴蝶小书签，问他们它是不是对称图形。你怎么知道的，估计学生会说通过对折。接着就请全班同学把图形
29、对折来验证。再让学生把它打开，看看发现中间有什么，估计学生通过观察能发现中间有一条折痕。我会对学生的回答及时给予赞识，并告诉学生对折后中间这条折痕就是这个图形的对称轴。 板书: 折痕对称轴 Liaison Office in Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national rict).horities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advan
30、ce, timely feedback on the city and the County (distction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial autonstruning project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to na
31、tional che shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengtheand tecond, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, Pingliang, Pingliang building and pri
32、ntingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. S on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in-vices to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, handsly valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable wo
33、rk in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide serto find solutions. Especialrge projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp thes, la, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys four pillar i
34、ndustrie- 5 - 接着我示范画对称轴。(师画) 引导学生在小书签上画出它的对称轴。并在小组内互相评一评谁画的准确，并且互相纠正错误。 第三个环节是 (三)看书质疑，解答疑问。(课件) 爱因斯坦说过，提出一个问题比解决一个问题更重要，因此我十分重视学生在学习中提出来的每个问题，由此来了解它们在认识中的疑点，及时给予解答。这样不仅使学生在课堂上消化理解教学难点，更重要的是培养了学生的问题意识。 第四个环节是 (四)巩固练习，强化新知。(课件出示) 练习是掌握知识，形成技能，发展智力的重要环节。根据学生的年龄特点和认知规律，本着趣味性、思考性、综合性相结合的原则，由易到难、由浅入深，力求体
35、现知识的纵横联系，形式新颖、层次分明。我设计以下几组练习题。请看第一题(课件出示)， 二次函数配方成则抛物线的这是课本第68页的做一做。这道题是要求学生先判断出哪些图形是对称的，画出它们的对称轴。我估计这个五角星学生会从不同的角度画出它的对称轴(课件出示)。第2题通过折一折，找出一条到多条对称轴(出示图片)，第3题是课本70页的第3题(课件出示)。这道题稍微有些难度，是要求学生根据对称的特征画出图形的另一半。接着是游戏找朋友(课件出示)，我将教材中的脸谱运用到游戏中，做成颜色，比对不同的脸谱，分成两半发给学生。同时播放找朋友的音乐。通过游戏找朋友找到对称的脸谱，让学生在玩中巩固了知识。再让学生
36、联系实际生活，举例说出生活中见到的如果一条直线具备下列三个条件中的任意两个,就可推出第三个.te investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys four pillar industries, large projects andor Stain Beijing this year, and cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national, provincial,
37、fd, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (district). Liaison Office act anI work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts with national ministries and provincial authorities on contison Office in Beijing, always put the repo
38、rt convergence and implementation, as reported to national construction projects, k. Liare directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthening project work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple
39、 secure funding, and the shift to a moality and service levels have also been further enhanced. Second, creatively woron, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service qu-ssmen and for major projects, micromanaging, handsinglai
40、songwang, provide services to invite busineto find solutions. Especially valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from ymore mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp the- 6 - （2）圆是轴对称图形，直径所在的直线是它的对称轴，圆有无数条对称轴。圆是
41、中心对称图形，对称中心为圆心。对称现象，让学生体会到生活中处处有数学。最后是欣赏生活中的对称现象。请大家一起来欣赏(课件放图片)。通过欣赏让学生感受到生活的美好，同时也感受到对称的美，进而让学生体会到数学来源于生活又运用于生活。 最值：若a0，则当x=时，；若a0，则当x=时，第五个环节是 (五)课堂检测。 发给学生每人一张习题纸，让学生独立完成。 最后一个环节是 （3）二次函数的图象：是一条顶点在y轴上且与y轴对称的抛物线，二次函数的图象中，a的符号决定抛物线的开口方向，|a|决定抛物线的开口程度大小，c决定抛物线的顶点位置，即抛物线位置的高低。(六)全课小结，交流评价。 课堂总结是对本节课
42、所学知识进行归纳和总结以及对学生学习情况的评价，因此我设计了一张评价表-课堂闪亮星，这张评价表是要求学生对于本节课的学习情况进行自我评价，最后数数自己得了几颗星。这张评价表既是对学生本节课所掌握的知识进行了解，也是对学生的情感 、态度进行评价。 板书设计力求体现知识性和简洁性，使学生一目了然。 (3)若条件交代了某点是切点时,连结圆心和切点是最常用的辅助线.（切点圆心要相连）我的说课到此结束，谢谢大家 板书设计: 5、多一份关心、帮助，努力发现他们的闪光点，多鼓励、表扬他们，使其体验成功、努力学习。对称图形 完全重合 蝴蝶图 对折 |a|的越大，抛物线的开口程度越小，越靠近对称轴y轴，y随x增
43、长（或下降）速度越快；折 痕 对称轴 （1）一般式：rge projects and more mature projects, brand focus and direction of the project as an investment. Grasp thes, la, provincial, for State investment of nearly 20 million Yuan. The blue Office closely around the citys four pillar industrieLiaison Office in Beijing this year, a
44、nd cooperate with, or directly with item 8 of the interface implemented on the national rict).horities on contact and, from top to bottom convergence projects in advance, timely feedback on the city and the County (distction projects, I work a top priority, take the initiative to strengthen contacts
45、 with national ministries and provincial autonstruning project work. Liaison Office in Beijing, always put the report convergence and implementation, as reported to national che shift to a more directly involved in the project, from the small projects to large projects to introduce change, strengthe
46、and tecond, creatively work towards funding projects onto a new stage. The Beijing liaison office LAN from simple secure funding, Pingliang, Pingliang building and printingBrush factory service quality and service levels have also been further enhanced. S on, real offices full service, full service role. Hotel in-vices to invite businessmen and for major projects, micromanaging, handsly valuable is, these two missions took the city in Beijing, the considerable work in blue, from yinglaisongwang, provide serto find solutions. Especial- 7 -