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1、8B Unit 7 International charities单元重点知识点总览1.You have some pocket money left. 你有一些剩下来的零花钱。have sth left 动词短语，表示“有某物被留下；被剩下”，left是leave的过去分词，在句中作后置定语。如：Dont worry, and still have a little time left.不要担心，我们还剩一点时间。【拓展】have sth done“请/让 某人做某事”。如：Mr. Green had her daughter educated in America last year. 格
2、林先生去年让他的女儿在美国接受教育。2.Im too weak to walk any further.我太虚弱了不能继续走了。further副词，“较远、更远”，是far的比较级，最高级为furthest“最远”。如：He can jump further than I can. 他能跳得比我远。3.About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be pr
3、evented or cured.全世界大约两亿八千五百万的人是盲人或有其他眼部疾病，绝大多数在贫困地区，百分之八十的病例能够被预防或治愈。（1）mostly 副词，“主要地，大部分地”，常用于修饰动物和介词短语。如：The students in our class are mostly 14 or 15 years old.我们班大部分的学生是14或15岁。（2）per cent表示“每一百中；百分之”，无复数形式，per介词，“每”。如：I am 100 per cent in agreement with you.我百分之百/完全同意。【拓展】英语中表达百分数的结构为“数词+per c
4、ent”，而表示“百分之”要用“数词+ percent + of”，其做主语时，谓语动词要根据of 后面主语的数而定。例如：Ten per cent of the students come from the city. 百分之十的学生来自于城市。4.However, many people dont have money for medical treatment.然后，许多人没有钱进行治疗。（1）however副词，“可是；然而；无论如何；不管怎样”。如：Id like to go with you, however my hands are full. 我很想和你一起去，可是我忙不过来。
5、（2）medical形容词，“医疗的；医学的”，名词为medicine，“医学；医术；内服药”。如：Teachers have a medical examination every year.教学每年进行一次体检。Take the medicine twice a day.这药一天服两次。（3）treatment名词，“治疗；疗法；疗程”，动词为treat，“治疗”。如：They are trying a new treatment for cancer.他们在尝试一种新的治疗癌症的方式。5.On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations.在飞机上
6、，志愿者医生做手术。（1）volunteer名词，“志愿者”，也可表示“志愿兵；义勇兵”。如：They are the first group of the volunteers to help the people suffering from the earthquake.他们是第一批帮助遭受地震之苦人们的志愿者。6.Many of our patients cant afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.我们的绝大多数病人负担不起去医院的钱，因此我们不得不去他们那儿。（1）patient名词，“病人；患者”，相当于sick
7、person。如：There are many patients waiting to see the doctor.有许多病人正在等着看病。（2）afford动词，“买得起；能做”，常放在can，could，be able to之后，多用于否定句或疑问句，后接名词、动词不定式或双宾语。如：Can we afford a new car? 我们买得起新车吗？7.Im proud to help people see again and improve their lives.我很自豪能帮助人们再看见并改善他们的生活。proud 形容词，“自豪的；得意的”，后常接of 短语、动词不定式或that
8、从句。如？We are proud of our success.我们为自己的成功而感到自豪。8.But more money is needed to carry on with our work.但需要更多的钱继续我们的工作。carry on with sth 表示“继续做某事”，相当于go on with sth。如：Carry on with your lessons while the teacher is away.当老师不在的时候，请继续做你们的功课。【拓展】carry on doing sth表示“继续做某事”，相当于go on doing sth。语法：一般现在时和一般过去时
9、的被动语态1. 英语的语态是通过谓语丁次的形式体现出来的，用来标明主语和宾语之间的关系。谓语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者，句子用主动语态；如果主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的对象，句子用被动语态。Many people speak Chinese. 许多人讲中文。（谓语speak的动作是由主语many people执行的，即主语是谓语动词所表示动作的执行者。Chinese is spoken by many people. (主语Chinese是谓语动词speak所表示的动作的承受者。)2、被动语态的结构一般现在时被动语态的结构：主语 + be动词的现
10、在式（am/is/are）+ 动词的过去分词。The mountain is covered with snow all year round, so its hard to climb it.这座山终年被雪覆盖，因此很难爬上去。一般过去时被动语态的结构：主语 + be动词的过去式（was/were）+ 动词的过去分词。The house was built in 2011. 这座房子建于2011年。3. 被动语态的使用情况。为了强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。The window was broken. （强调窗户被打破这一事实）窗户被打破了。当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁使用
11、被动语态Some new computers were stolen last night. （不知道电脑是谁偷的）一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。出于礼貌或语气婉转等不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时，用被动语态。You are requested to give another performance. 请你再表演一个节目。动作的执行者是泛指或不言明时。English is spoken all over the world.在被动语态中，当需要指出动作的执行者时，有介词by引出。The wounded soldiers have been saved by a farmer. （强调战士被救的事实）那些
12、受伤的战士已经被一位农民救了。4. 主动语态变被动语态的方法。把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，如果是人称代词，宾格要变成主格。把谓语变成被动结构（be + 过去分词），根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子动词的时态来决定be的形式，变成被动语态后的句子时态与原来的主动句要一致。把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后做宾语，如果是人称代词，将主格改为宾格。All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all the people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes a
13、re made by them in the factory.单元重点短语归纳1. go to hospital 去看病2. carry on 继续开展，继续下去3. set up 建起，设立4. on board 在飞机（船、火车）上5. hand out 分发，提出6. make up ones mind 决定7. international charities 国际慈善组织8. all over the world 全世界9. medical treatment 医治10. be used as 被用作11. afford to do 付得起，买得起12. go to hospital
14、去看病13. operate on sb. 给某人做手术14. carry on继续展开15. be proud of = take pride in 为而骄傲句型归纳1. prevent (from) doing 阻止发生2. stop(from) doing 阻止发生 3. carry on doing sth 继续做某事4. be afraid of 害怕5. with the development of 随着的发展6. be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心8B Unit 7单元测试（A）卷一、 短语翻译（每题1分，共10分）1. 国际慈善机构_ 2. 基础教育_ 3.
15、 遍及全世界_4. 平等的权利_ 5. 的传播 _ 6. 医疗_ 7. 眼科飞机医院_ 8. 给某人做手术_ 9. 被用做 _ 10. 登机_ 二、 单项选择（每题1分，共15分）( ) 1、（2013南宁）Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers.A. is readB. was readC. are readD. were read( ) 2、（2014德州）The basketball match was really fantastic, _ when Shu-How Lin scored in the last seco
16、nd. A. probableB. especiallyC. exactlyD. mostly( ) 3、（2014南昌）You have to be _ and wait until I finish my work.A. patientB. strictC. honestD. active( ) 4、（2014扬州） Some children cant afford _ necessary stationery. Lets donate our pocket money to them.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be ( ) 5、（2014襄阳） Lily w
17、on first prize in yesterdays dancing competition. Really? Then her mother must be _ her.A. mad atB. worried aboutC. interested inD. proud of( ) 6、（2014 安徽） More and more people come to visit Mount Huangshan. Thats true. It has become the _ of Anhui.A. prideB. effortC. praiseD. courage( ) 7、（2014宜宾）T
18、he terrorists in Xinjiang _ last month.A. are caughtB. was caughtC. were caughtD. is caught( ) 8、（2014江西）Many students _ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big.A. dont giveB. arent givenC. havent givenD. wont give( ) 9、（2014内江）The students in this school are made _ sch
19、ool uniforms on Monday.A. to wearB. wearingC. wearD. worn( ) 10、（2014江西） Hi, John. _? Its Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt.A. How are youB. Whats the matterC. Whos thatD. Whats Lucy like( ) 11、（2014白银）The boy didnt sleep well last night because of the _ from the factory.A. voiceB. noiseC. musicD. song(
20、 ) 12、（2014呼和浩特）Why dont you watch TV at home?Id love to, but my mother doesnt allow me _ that. A. doB. didC. to doD. doing( ) 13、（2014河北）The pet dog is warm and loving. It _ as a daughter of my family.A. treatsB. treatedC. is treatedD. was treated( ) 14、（2014连云港）China is going to _ a manned space s
21、tation around 2020 to explore more space.A. set upB. put upC. wake upD. turn up( ) 15、（2014黔西南）He didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill.A. becauseB. because ofC. ifD. so三、 完形填空（每题1分，共10分）（2015江苏苏州）Few people like changing their habits, good or bad. Whether it is smoking, drinking or over-eating,
22、 they 1 “enjoying” them to the end. On every packet of cigarettes(香烟), people are warned against the 2 of smoking: “Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health”. 3 , millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why? Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important p
23、art in 4 smokers. All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking 5 or relatives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People 6 their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or smoking cigarettes. “Heroes” seem to fear 7 , neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigare
24、ttes. If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, 8 should common people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers habits. Even 9 warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, dont seem to work. Knowing and believing seem to
25、 be two 10 things. If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up!( ) 1. A. stopB. continueC. finishD. avoid( ) 2. A. chancesB. excusesC. causesD. dangers( ) 3. A. MoreoverB. AlsoC. HoweverD. Otherwise( ) 4. A. influencingB. explainingC
26、. improvingD. describing( ) 5. A. parentsB. unclesC. brothersD. friends( ) 6. A. hearB. catchC. watchD. face( ) 7. A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingD. everything( ) 8. A. whatB. howC. whenD. why( ) 9. A. strongerB. worseC. longerD. harder( ) 10. A. similar B. pleasantC. differentD. boring四、阅读理解（每题2分
27、，共30分）A（2015山东泰安）How do you spend your spare time? There will be different answers to it. Most people in Poland have their own ways of spending free time. Sometimes they just want to have a rest, but they try to do something more pleasant most of the time. They have many different hobbies, which hel
28、p them to get away from their everyday problems and spend their free time happily. Many Polish people like traveling. They look for new places that they have never been to and add new and exciting experiences to their journey. Some of them like to climb mountains, others like to go to the sea or a l
29、ake to swim, because theses can make them get exercise and are good for their health.Many Polish people also like to do sports in their free time. They are usually crazy about football, and football is regarded as the Polish national sport. Many football fans may support a certain team, so they go t
30、o watch every match of the team they support, and they buy many things that have any relation with the team. Watching sport and doing it are both good ways to relax.In addition, doctors say that doing sports is very good for the health. Many people in town, especially young men, often go to the gym
31、to attend the exercise classes to keep fit.Besides these ways, Polish people have many other ways to spend their free time. And they really enjoy their free time.( ) 1. Polish people have many different hobbies in order to .A. solve their daily problemsB. finish all their workC. make some friendsD.
32、relax themselves in their spare time( ) 2. Why do some Polish people like climbing mountains?A. Because they hate traveling.B. Because they can get exercise from it.C. Because they can find a new place.D. Because it is comfortable and funny.( ) 3. Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned in th
33、e passage?A. Playing sports.B. Climbing mountains.C. Skating.D. Swimming.( ) 4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Football is many Polish peoples favorite sport.B. Young Polish people often go to the gym.C. All the Polish people do sports in their spare time.D. Most Polish people like watching
34、 sport.( ) 5. What can we learn from the passage?A. Polish culture is colorful.B. We can have many ways of spending our free time.C. A doctor can give you good advice.D. It is no need doing sport activities.B（2015湖南长沙）China is a nation of etiquette(礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable p
35、eople in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests.When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks(小吃) like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with y
36、ou, never letting you feel lonely.At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surpri
37、ses a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which wont happen at western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didnt eat much. Please have more.” Although you t
38、ell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl.Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago:To meet friends from after.How happy we are!( ) 6. What does the underline word “hospitable” mean in
39、this passage?A.好客的B. 勤劳的C.朴实的( ) 7. As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered_ by the host.A. coffee and snacksB. juice and snacksC. tea and snacks( ) 8. Why does a western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him?A. Because he thinks its not polite.B. Because he thinks
40、its not necessary.C. Because it wont happen in western countries.( ) 9. What the Chinese family do for the guests is to_.A. make them feel at homeB. show their wealthC. make them feel uncomfortable.( ) 10. Whats the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage?A. 学而时习之，不亦悦乎？B. 有朋自远方来，
41、不亦乐乎？C. 人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？C（2015湖南长沙）Have you ever heard of e-waste(electric waste,电子垃圾), which can be produced every day? How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when theyre broken or you want a new one?Most people just throw them away. With the development of electric industr
42、y, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.Its importa
43、nt to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful（有害的）, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市矿藏）. The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, t
44、he toxic chemicals（有毒化学物质） can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and peoples health.Apple, for example, now recycle peoples used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce（减少）e-waste
45、, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs.( ) 11. The following can become e-waste EXCEPT_.A. computersB. mobile phonesC. plastic bags( ) 12. Which country produced most e-waste last year according to the United Nations?A. America.B. China.C. Japan.( ) 13. What does the underline word “affecting” mean in this passage?A. 保护B. 影响C. 改善( ) 14. From Paragraph 4, we learn that_.A. the recycle Apple products will be sold at higher prices.B. bu