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1、5 2013 年（第六版大纲）英语要求 一 词汇： 掌握约 6000 个英语词汇和约 700个常用词组 。对 6000个词 汇中的 2800 个左右的积极词汇要求 熟练掌握 ，即能在 口语交际和 写作中准确地运用 ；其余 词汇则要求能在 阅读、语篇完型填空和 英译汉等中识别和理解 。 二 题型： 分试卷一和试卷二 口语交际 10 道题 10 分 词汇 10 道题 10 分 阅读理解 25 道题 25 分 完型填空 10 道题 10 分 短文完成 20 道题 20 分 1 2 3 4 试卷 考试分数占 75 分值 考试时间 100 分钟 6 英译汉 100 词左右 10 分 7 写作 不少于 1
2、50 词 15 分 2015 年同等学力英语真题解析 英语试卷一 Paper One （100minutes） Part I Oral Communication （15 minutes ，10 points） 命题规律： 规律一：把握语篇关系（词汇、句子、篇章基础之上的综合能力） （1） 逻辑关系：转折、条件、因果等。 （2）语义走向：句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间、或者分句与分 句之间的关系。会出现没有任何连接词， 但具有某种语义关系的情况。 比如，表示态度色彩的褒贬语义走向， 表示支持或是反对的语义走向， 表示顺承、递进、解释、说明、强调的语义走向。 规律二：把握场景语境（固定用语是重点
3、考查对象） 具体场景：对话、旅游、就餐、图书馆、邀请、道歉、恭贺、 支持等。 、_tx、八 考试分数占 25 分值 考试时间 50 分钟 规律三：把握句型结构（疑问句、感叹句、强调句、倒装句）。 解题方法： 第一步：抓住谈话双方的身份 具体有：师生之间、父女之间、夫妻之间、图书管理员与学生之 间、医生病人之间、来电者与接线员之间、服务员与就餐者之间。 第二步：读懂首句的关键词 第三步：分析空格前后线索 同义词、反义词反复出现；逻辑关系；固定搭配与特殊句型。 第四步： 代入空格通读检查。 Section A Directions ： In this section there are two i
4、ncomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A， B and C，taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 总体印象： 场景、语境不能少，固定搭配还需要； 语篇、语义很重要，逻辑关系要明了。 Dialogue One A. Do you know wha
5、t a han dicapped space is? B. The sig ns always tell you how long you can park there and on what days. C. Then you also need to be aware of the time limits on the street sig ns. Student: Can you tell me where I can park （关键字）？ Clerk: Are you driv ing a motorcycle or an automobile? Stude nt: I drive
6、an automobile. Clerk: Fine. You can either park in the stude nt lot or on the street. 学生与职员之间 1A Do you know what a han dicapped space is? Stude nt: Yes, I have see n those spots. Clerk: Well, when you see 与上文对应 the blue spots with the han dicapped sig n , do not park there uni ess you have a specia
7、l permit. Are you going to be park ing in the daytime or eve ning? Stude nt: I park in the eve nings. Clerk: 2C Then you also need to be aware of the time limits on the street sig ns. 与下文对应 Have you see n those sig ns? Student: Yes, I have seen those sig ns Clerk: 3 B. The sig ns always tell you how
8、 long you can park there and on what days .与上文对应 参考答案：ACB Dialogue Two A. The hours and limitations are printed on the card and this han dout. B. May I have your driver s license, please? C. Are you familiar with our rules and fin es? Stude nt: Excuse me. I am in terested in gett ing a library card.
9、（关键字） Libraria n: Sure, let me give you an applicati on （与上文 对应）.You can fill it out right here at the counter. Student: Thank you. I ll do it right now. Librarian: Let me take a look at this for you .学生与图书 管理员 4B May I have your driver s license, p lease? Stude nt: Here it is. Librarian: You seem t
10、o have filled the form out all right._ _5_C_ Are you familiar with our rules and fines? Student: Yes. I know what to do. Librarian: _ 6_A_ The hours and limitations are printed on the card and this handout. Student: OK. I see. Librarian: Thank you for joining the library; We look forward to serving
11、you. 参考答案 BCA Section B Directions: In this section there is one incomplete which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 总体印象： 访谈对话难度高，一会人多一会少； 语篇
12、关系很重要，前后呼应解题巧。 A. And fooled the boys for a while. B. And I don t think the boys have minded. C. Well, it s because my British publisher. D. All this time I thought you were J.K . Winfrey: So, this is the first time we ve met. Rowling: Yes, it is . Winfrey: And my producers tell me that your real na
13、me is J.O._ _7_D_ All this time I thought you we re J.K._ （与 前文 J.O 对应） Rowling: （laughing） Yeah. Winfrey: J.K is （与上文对应） Rowling: _ 8_C_ Well, it s because my British publisher._ . Whenthe first book came out, they thought this is a book that will appeal to boys , but they didn t want the boys to k
14、now a woman had written it. So they said to me could we use your initials and I said fine . I only have one initial. I dont have a middle name. So I took my favorite grandmothers name, Kathleen . （与上文 J.K 对应） Winfrey: _ _9_A_ And fooled the boys for a while （与上 文 grandmothers name 对应） _ Rowling: Yea
15、h, but not for too long, because I started getting my picture in the press and no one could pretend I was a man anymore. Winfrey: _10_B_ And I dont think the boys have minded Rowling: NO it hasn t held me back, has it? 参考答案： DCAB Part II Vocabulary(10 points) Directions: In this part there are ten s
16、entences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 命题规律： 规律一：所考词汇 90%是非积极词汇； 规律二：选择项多为形近词或近义词的辨析。 解题方法： 第一步： 看划线词汇是否认识， 如认识， 只要在选项中找出相近的单 词； 第二步： 仔细阅读题干，搞清楚该句大
17、概意思； 第三步： 对所缺词前后部分大致分析判断所缺词汇的词性； 第四步： 看看是否有搭配关系； 第五步： 选择一个可能答案； 第六步： 通读全句，验证选择是否符合全句的意思。 词汇记忆方法： （1） 词根词缀记忆法 比如认识 able, 并了解 able 的意思是 capable （能），就可以知 道 able, enable, unable, ability, capable 等都和“能力”和“才 干”有关系。 （2） 逆序记忆法（将结尾相同的词集中记忆） 比如：以 ique 结尾的词有： unique （独特的）， technique （技 术、方法）， physique （体质、体格）
18、， antique （古老的、古董）， boutique （时装商店）。 （3） 组群记忆法（随时随地根据某一信息联想记忆单词） 比如，一个人骑车走在街上就可以联想到 bicycle, truck, car, vehicle, bus, traffic, rush hours, highway, freeway, cemen t, sidewalk, underpass, fine, passenger, shops 等词。 （4） 形义联想法（找出单词之间形状和意义的共同特点） 比如，ball, balloon, ballot, bullet 等几个词都和球有着意 义上的联系。balloon
19、是体积较大的气球，ballot是用来投票的纸球， bullet 是体积较小的金属球。 （5） 巧用单词之间的共同成分，由熟悉的单词记忆新单词 比如，由 east 可以扩展记忆 beast（ 野兽）， feast （盛宴）， yeast （酵母）；由 obtain （获得）可以扩展记忆 attain（ 获得）， contain（ 包含）， detain （扣留）， maintain （维持）， sustain （支 持）， retain（ 保留）。 （6） 分割记忆联想（把一个单词分成几个单词或部分） 比如， innocent （天真无邪的，无辜的）可以这样拆分记忆 :in, no,cent,
20、连起来就是“里面没有一分钱”，即小孩子天真无邪，对钱 没有概念。 11. There are several different options （选择）for getting Internet access. A. choices B. defi niti ons C. cha nn els D. reas ons 12. Earth has an atmosphere,（光束）which protects the surface from harmful rays. A. min erals B. substa nces C. gases D. beams 13. The manager
21、gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her hostile （敌意的）attitude toward customers. A. unfrien dly B. optimistic C. i mpaient D. positive 14. Since it is late to change my mind now, I am resolved to carry out （执行） the plan. A. revise B. implement C. review D. improve 15. Security guards disp
22、ersed （分散）the crowd that had gathered around the Capitol. A. arrested B. stopped C. scattered D. watched 16. To start the program, insert （插入）the disk and follow the in structi ons. A. take out B. tur n over C. track dow n D. put in 17. The patient s condition has deteriorated （恶化）since last ni ght.
23、 A. improved B. returned C. worsened D. changed 18.1 couldn t afford to fly home, and （并且） a train ticket was likewise bey ond my means. A. also B. non etheless C. furthermore D. otherwise 19. Despite years of searchi ng, scie ntists have detected no sig ns of life bey ond （在外） our own solar system.
24、 A. within B. besides C. outside D. except 20. I prefer chicken to fish because I am worried about accide ntally（ 意夕卜）wallow ing a small bone. A. intentionally B. unexpectedly C. anxiously D. hurriedly 参考答案：11-15 A D A B C 16-20 D C A C B Part III Read ing Comprehe nsion （25 poin ts） 分为 SECTION A（ 2
25、0 分）禾口 SECTION B（ 5 分） 阅读方法： 第一种读大意：快速浏览一篇文章，仅注意其主题思想和中心内容； 第二种找信息：以最快的速度扫视，找到所需信息才仔细阅读； 第三种跳读：只读文章各段主题句以确定文章的主旨和中心思想； 第四种研读：仔细阅读，对文章有透彻深刻的理解。 Secti on A 解题方法： 第一步：利用题干关键词在原文中定位相关句子； 第二步：利用选项关键词在原文中定位相关句子； 第三步：2 利用题目顺序与段落顺序一致原则定位。 主旨题： 命题方式： 1 直接问文章的中心思想，段落主题和文章的写作目的； 2 要求考生给文章定题目； 解题技巧： 仔细阅读文章第一段和末
26、段，注意关键性词汇。 细节题： 命题方式： 1 according 型，考 what 和 why 最多； 2 隐含的事实和细节型； 3 正误判断题； 解题技巧： 1 确定了主题，才能深刻理解细节材料的作用； 2 事实细节内容与前后的内容密切相关； 3 看细节内容要“跳”出来看，即要对文章的组织结构了如指掌； 4 一般可以直接在文章中直接或间接找到答案； 5 留意一些细小的地方。 推理题： 命题方式： 常有 infer,imply,suggest,deduce,conclude 等词出现； 解题技巧： 1 在浏览全文时，留意那些话中有话的间接表达句； 2 留意含义深刻或结构复杂的句子 词义句意题
27、： 命题方式： 1 超纲词含义的推断； 2 熟词僻义或是在特定场合的意思。 解题技巧： 1 根据上下文进行推理猜测 ； 2 对超纲词含义的推断：构词法，词性加搭配；找同义词、同义解释 或反义词和反义解释；找同位词。 观点态度题： 命题方式： 对某一观点是支持、反对还是中立，是同情、冷漠还是批评或赞扬； 解题技巧： 1 作者是支持还是反对， 态度都非常明确， 而带中立色彩的词最不可 能是正确答案； 2 作者的态度就不可能是漠不关心， 因此见到 indifferent,uninter ested 这类词可以首先排除； 3 注意不要把考生自己的好恶态度揉进其中， 要注意区分作者本人的 态度和作者引用
28、的观点的态度； 4 当作者的态度没有明确提出时， 要学会根据作者使用的词汇的褒贬 性去判断作者的态度，如： wonderful,positive,negative,unfortu nate,doubtful; 5 文章陈述的内容并非都是作者的观点； 6 作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联。 Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose t
29、he best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Sometimes a race is not enough. Sometimes a runner just wants to go further . That s what happened to Dennis Martin and Brooke Curran. Martin, 68, a retired detective form New York City, took up running after his first wife died. C
30、urran, 46, a philanthropist（ 慈善家）from Alexandria, started running to get out of the house and collect her thoughts. Both she and Martin got good at running but felt the desire to do more. “The more I trained, the better I got, ” Curran said, ” but I would cross the finish line with no sen se of acco
31、mplishment. ” Eventually , they worked up to running marathons（ 马拉 松）（a nd Ion ger races） in other coun tries, on other coun tries. Now both have achieved a notable -and increasingly less ratemilestone; running the 26.2-mile race on all seven continents. They are part of a phenomenon that has grown
32、out of the running culture in the past two decades, at the intersection of athleticism and leisure: “runcations, ” which combine distance running with travel to exotic places. There trips, as expensive as they are physically challenging ,are a growing and competitive market in the travel industry. “
33、In the beginning, running was enough ,” said Steen Albrechtsen, a press manager. The classic marathon was the ultimate goal, then came the super marathons, like London and NewYork. But when 90,000 people a year can take that challenge, it is no longer exciting and adventurous .Hence, the search for
34、new adventures began. ” “No one could ever have imagined that running would become the lifestyle activity that it is today , ”said Thom Gilligan, founder and president of Boston-based Marathon Tours and Travel. Gilligan, who has been in business since 1979, is partly responsible for the seven-contin
35、ent phenomenon. It started with a casual talk to an interviewer about his company offering trips to every continent except Antarctica. And then in 1995, Marathon fours hosted its first Antarctica Marathon on King George Island. Off the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; 160 runners got to the starting
36、line of a dirt-and ice-trail route via a Russian icebreaker through the Drake Passage. 21. At the beginning, Martin took up running just to . B 细节题 A. meet requirements of his job B. win a running race C. join in a philanthropic activity D. get away from his sadness 22. Martin and Curran are mention
37、ed as good examples of . B 推理题 A. winners in the 26.2-mile race on all seven continents B. people who enjoy long running as a lifestyle activity C. running racers satisfied with their own performance D. old people who live an active life after retirement 23. A new trend in the travel industry is the
38、 development of . A 细节题 A. challenging runcations B. professional races C. Antarctica travel market D. expensive tours 24. The classic marathon no longer satisfies some people because . A 细节题 A. it does not provide enough challenge B. it may be tough and dangerous C. it involves too fierce a competi
39、tion D. it has attracted too many people 25. The first Antarctica Marathon on King George Island indicates that . A 推理题 A. international cooperation is a must to such an event B. runcations are expensive and physically challenging C. Marathon Tours is a leader of the travel industry D. adventurous r
40、unning has become increasingly popular Passage Two Before the 1970s, college students were treated as children. So many colleges ran in loco parentis system. “In loco parentis ”is a Latin term meaning “in the place of a parent. ” It describes when someone else accepts responsibility to act in the in
41、terests of a child. This idea developed long ago in British commonlaw to define the responsibility of teachers toward their students. For years, American courts upheld in loco parentis in cases such as Gott versus Berea College in 1913. Gott owned a restaurant off campus. Berea threatened to expel s
42、tudents who ate at places not owned by the school. The Kentucky high court decided that in loco parentis justified that rule. In loco parentis meant that male and female college students usually had to live in separate buildings. Women had to be back at their dorms by ten or eleven on school nights.
43、 But in the 1960s, students began to protest rules and restrictions like these. At the same time, courts began to support students who were being punished for political and social dissent. In 1960, Alabama State College expelled six students who took part in a civil rights demonstration. They sued t
44、he school and won. After that it became harder and harder to defend in loco parentis. At that time, students were not considered adults until 21. Then, in 1971, the 24th amendment to the Constitution set the voting age at eighteen. So in loco parentis no longer really applied. Slowly, colleges began
45、 to treat students not as children, but as adults. Students came to be seen as consumers of educational services. Gary Dickstein, an assistant vice president at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, says in loco parentis is not really gone. It just looks different. Todays parents, he says, are of
46、ten heavily involved in students lives. They are known as “helicopter parents. ”They always seem to hover over their children. Gary Dickstein says these parents are likely to question decisions, especially about safety issues and grades . They want to makesure their financial investment is not being
47、 wasted. 26. Before the 1970s, many colleges ran in loco parentis system because . B 细节推理题 A. they could take the place of the students parents B. parents asked them to do it for the interests of their children C. this was a tradition established by British colleges D. college students were regarded
48、 as too young to be treated as adults 27. Whowon the case of Gott versus Berea College in 1913?D 推理题 A. Berea College. B. Gott. C. It was a win-win case. D. The students. 28. The word “ dissent ”(Para.5) probably means “ ”.C 词义题 A. extreme behaviors B. violation of laws C. strong disagreement D. Wro
49、ng doings 29. In 1960 ，the court ruled that Alabama State College C 推理题 A. had no right to expel the students B. was justified to have expelled the students C. shouldn t interfere with students daily life D. should support civil rights demonstrations 30. According to Gary Dickstein, today s “helicop
50、ter parents_ B_细节题 _ A. don t set their hearts at rest with college administrators B. keep a watchful eye on their children s life and study C. care less about their children s education than before D. have different opinions on their children s education Passage Three We tend to think of plants as