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1、手啤机（人工操作在压力机），5吨，8吨，10吨，16吨，25吨，35吨，40吨，63吨，80吨，100吨，120吨，160吨，200吨，等等。这只是普通的按吨位的分类。还有是按普通型的或国标型的或者是定做的专机，这都是有区别的。如果按功能上分又可分为：深虎口式，普通可倾式，拉深用（超大行程）式，液压冲床，等等，冲床冲压力计算公司P=klt其中:k为系数,一般约等于1, l冲压后产品的周长,单位mm; t为材料厚度,单位mm; 为材料抗剪强度.单位MPa .算出的结果是单位是牛顿,在把结果除以9800N/T,得到的结果就是数字是多少就是多少T.这个只能算大致的,为了安全起见,把以上得到的值乘以2
2、就可以了,这样算出的值也符合复合模的冲压力.- 指外力与材料轴线垂直，并对材料呈剪切作用时的强度极限1 A3抗剪强度为：261274MPa或26.628Kgf/mm245#抗剪强度为：411MPa或42Kgf/mm2计算公式：抗剪强度0.60.8抗拉强度冲裁力计算公式：P=K*L*t*P平刃口冲裁力（N);t材料厚度(mm);L冲裁周长(mm);材料抗剪强度(MPa);K安全系数，一般取K=1.3.-冲剪力计算公式：F=S*L*440/10000S工件厚度L工件长度一般情况下用此公式即可。-冲压力是指在冲裁时，压力机应具有的最小压力。P冲压=P冲裁+P卸料+P推料+P压边力+P拉深力。冲压力是
3、选择冲床吨位，进行模具强度。刚度校核依据。1、 冲裁力：冲裁力及其影响周素:使板料分离动称作冲裁力.影响冲裁力的主要因素:2冲裁力计算：P冲=Ltb其中：P冲裁-冲裁力L-冲裁件周边长度t-板料厚度b-材料强度极限b-的参考数0.6 算出的结果单位为KN3、 卸料力：把工件或废料从凸模上卸下的力Px=KxP冲 其中Kx-卸料力系数 Kx-的参考数为0.04 算出的结果单位为KN4、 推件力：将工件或废料顺着冲裁方向从凹模内推出的力2 / 16 Pt=KtPn Kt-推件力系数 n-留于凹模洞口内的件数 其中:Px、Pt -分别为卸料力、推件力 Kx，Kt分别是上述两种力的修正系数 P冲裁力；
4、n 查正表卡在凹模洞口内的件数 Kt的参考数为0.05,结果单位为KN 5、 压边力： P y=1/4 D2（d1+2R凹）2P 式中 D-毛坯直径 d1-凹模直径 R凹-凹模圆角半径 p-拉深力 6、拉深力： Fl= d1 bk1(N) 式中 d1-首次拉深直径（mm） b-材料抗拉强度（Mpa） K-修正系数金属板材冲切吨位的计算方法:公式：冲芯周长（mm）*板材厚度（mm）*材料的剪切强度(mm)冲切力系数质：1.3如果换算成公吨：用KN / 9.81冲芯周长-任何形状的各个边长总长材料厚度-指冲芯要冲孔穿透的板材的厚度材料的剪切强度-板材的物理性质,由板材的材质所决定，可在材料手册中查
5、到。常见的剪切强度如下：材料剪切强度（KN/mm2）铝5052 H320.1724黄铜0.2413低碳钢0.3447不锈钢0.5171举例：在3.00mm厚的低碳钢板材上冲孔，形状方形，边长20.00mm充芯周长=80.00mm材料厚度=3.00mm剪切强度=0.3447KN/mm2换算成公吨：用KN / 9.81计冲切力系数质：1.3算：80.00*3.00*0.3447=82.73 KN82.73KN / 9.81=8.43吨8.43吨*1.3=10.959吨(冲压吨位)课程常用附表附表1 钢材和连接的设计强度值附表1.1 钢材的强度设计值（）钢材抗拉、抗压和抗弯抗剪端面承压（刨平顶紧）牌
6、号厚度或直径（）Q235钢1621512532516 4020512040 6020011560 100190110Q345钢1631018040016 3529517035 5026515550 100250145Q390钢1635020541516 3533519035 5031518050 100295170Q420钢1638022044016 3536021035 5034019550 100325185注：表中厚度系指计算点的钢材厚度，对轴心受拉和轴心受压构件系指截面中较厚板件的厚度。附表1.2 钢铸件的强度设计值（）钢号抗拉、抗压和抗弯抗 剪端面承压（刨平顶紧）ZG200 4001
7、5590260ZG230 450180105290ZG270 500210120325ZG310 570240140370附表1.3 焊缝的强度设计值（）焊接方法和焊条型号构件钢材对接焊缝角焊缝牌号厚度或直径（）抗压焊缝质量为下列等级时，抗拉抗剪抗拉、抗压和抗剪一级、二级三级自动焊、半自动焊和E43型焊条的手工焊Q235钢1621521518512516016 4020520517512040 6020020017011560 100190190160110自动焊、半自动焊和E50型焊条的手工焊Q345钢1631031026518020016 3529529525017035 50265265
8、22515550 100250250210145自动焊、半自动焊和E55型焊条的手工焊Q390钢1635035030020522016 3533533528519035 5031531527018050 100295295250170Q420钢1638038032022022016 3536036030521035 5034034029019550 100325325275185注：1 自动焊和半自动焊所采用的焊丝和焊剂，应保证其熔敷金属的力学性能不低于现行国家标准埋弧焊用碳钢焊丝和焊剂GB/T 5293和低合金钢埋弧焊用焊剂GB/T 12470中相关的规定。2 焊缝质量等级应符合现行国家标准
9、钢结构工程施工质量验收规范GB/T 50205的规定。其中厚度小于8 mm钢材的 对接焊缝，不应采用超声波探伤确定焊缝质量等级。3 对接焊缝在受压区的抗弯强度设计值取，在受拉区的抗弯强度设计值取。4 表中厚度系指计算点的钢材厚度，对轴心受拉和轴心受压构件系指截面中较厚板件的厚度。附表1.4 螺栓连接的强度设计值（）螺栓的钢材牌号（或性能等级）和构件钢材牌号普通螺栓锚栓承压型连接高强度螺栓C级螺栓A级、B级螺栓抗拉抗剪承压抗拉抗剪承压抗拉抗拉抗剪承压普通螺栓4.6级、4.8级1701405.6级2101908.8级400320锚栓Q235钢140Q345钢180高强度螺栓8.8级40025010
10、.9级500310构件Q235钢305405470Q345钢385510590Q390钢400530615Q420钢425560655注：1 A级螺栓用于mm和或mm（按较小值）的螺栓；B级螺栓用于mm或或mm（按较小值）的螺栓。为公称直径，为螺杆公称长度。2 A、B级螺栓孔的精度和孔壁表面粗糙度，C级螺栓孔的允许偏差和孔壁表面粗糙度，均应符合现行国家表中钢结构工程施工质量验收规范GB 50205的要求。附表1.5 铆钉连接的强度设计值（）铆钉钢号和构件钢材牌号抗拉（钉头拉托）抗剪承压类孔I类孔类孔I类孔铆钉BL2或BL3120185155构件Q235钢450365Q345钢565460Q39
11、0钢590480附表1.6 普通螺栓规格及有效截面面积（）公称直径（mm）121416182022242730有效截面面积0.841.151.571.922.453.033.534.595.61公称直径（mm）333639424548525660有效截面面积6.948.179.7611.213.114.717.620.323.6公称直径（mm）6468727680859095100有效截面面积26.830.634.638.943.449.555.962.770.0附表1.7 锚栓规格附表2 轴心受压构件的稳定系数附表2.1 a类截面轴心受压构件的稳定系数01234567890102030405
12、060701.0000.9950.9810.9630.9410.9160.8830.8391.0000.9940.9790.9610.9390.9130.8790.8341.0000.9930.9770.9590.9370.9100.8750.8291.0000.9920.9760.9570.9340.9070.8710.8240.9990.9910.9740.9550.9320.9040.8670.8180.9990.9890.9720.9520.9290.9000.8630.8130.9980.9880.9700.9500.9270.8970.8580.8070.9980.9860.968
13、0.9480.9240.8940.8540.8010.9970.9850.9660.9460.9210.8900.8490.7950.9960.9830.9640.9440.9190.8860.8440.78980901001101201301401501601701801902002102202302402500.7830.7140.6380.5630.4940.4340.3830.3390.3020.2700.2430.2200.1990.1820.1660.1530.1410.1300.7760.7060.6300.5550.4880.4290.3780.3350.2980.2670.2
14、410.2180.1980.1800.1650.1520.1400.7700.6990.6220.5480.4810.4230.3730.3310.2950.2640.2380.2150.1960.1790.1640.1500.1390.7630.6910.6150.5410.4750.4180.3690.3270.2920.2620.2360.2130.1940.1770.1620.1490.1380.7570.6840.6070.5340.4690.4120.3640.3230.2890.2590.2330.2110.1920.1750.1610.1480.1360.7500.6760.6
15、000.5270.4630.4070.3600.3200.2850.2560.2310.2090.1900.1740.1590.1470.1350.7430.6680.5920.5200.4570.4020.3560.3160.2820.2530.2290.2070.1890.1720.1580.1460.1340.7360.6610.5850.5140.4510.3970.3510.3120.2790.2510.2260.2050.1870.1710.1570.1440.1330.7280.6530.5770.5070.4450.3920.3470.3090.2760.2480.2240.2
16、030.1850.1690.1550.1430.1320.7210.6450.5700.5000.4400.3870.3430.3050.2730.2460.2220.2010.1830.1680.1540.1420.131附表2.2 b类截面轴心受压构件的稳定系数012345678901020304050607080901001101201301401501601701801902001.0000.9920.9700.9360.8990.8560.8070.7510.6880.6210.5550.4930.4370.3870.3450.3080.2760.2490.2250.2040.186
17、1.0000.9910.9670.9320.8950.8520.8020.7450.6810.6140.5490.4870.4320.3830.3410.3040.2730.2460.2230.2020.1841.0000.9890.9630.9290.8910.8470.7970.7390.6750.6080.5420.4810.4260.3780.3370.3010.2700.2440.2200.2000.1830.9990.9870.9600.9250.8870.8420.7910.7320.6680.6010.5360.4750.4210.3740.3330.2980.2670.241
18、0.2180.1980.1810.9990.9850.9570.9220.8820.8380.7860.7260.6610.5940.5290.4700.4160.3700.3290.2950.2650.2390.2160.1970.1800.9980.9830.9530.9180.8780.8330.7800.7200.6550.5880.5230.4640.4110.3650.3260.2910.2620.2360.2140.1950.1780.9970.9810.9500.9140.8740.8280.7740.7140.6480.5810.5170.4580.4060.3610.322
19、0.2880.2590.2340.2120.1930.1760.9960.9780.9460.9100.8700.8230.7690.7070.6410.5750.5110.4530.4020.3570.3180.2850.2560.2320.2100.1910.1750.9950.9760.9430.9060.8650.8180.7630.7010.6350.5680.5050.4470.3970.3530.3150.2820.2540.2290.2080.1900.1730.9940.9730.9390.9030.8610.8130.7570.6940.6280.5610.4990.442
20、0.3920.3490.3110.2790.2510.2270.2060.1880.1722102202302402500.1700.1560.1440.1330.1230.1690.1550.1430.1320.1670.1540.1420.1310.1660.1530.1410.1300.1650.1510.1400.1290.1630.1500.1380.1280.1620.1490.1370.1270.1600.1480.1360.1260.1590.1460.1350.1250.1580.1450.1340.124附表2.3 c类截面轴心受压构件的稳定系数01234567890102
21、030405060701.0000.9920.9660.9020.8390.7750.7090.6431.0000.9900.9590.8960.8330.7680.7020.6361.0000.9880.9530.8900.8260.7620.6950.6290.9990.9860.9470.8840.8200.7550.6890.6230.9990.9830.9400.8770.8140.7480.6820.6160.9980.9810.9340.8710.8070.7420.6760.6100.9970.9780.9280.8650.8010.7350.6690.6040.9960.97
22、50.9210.8580.7940.7290.6620.5970.9950.9730.9150.8520.7880.7220.6560.5910.9930.9700.9090.8460.7810.7150.6490.58480901001101201301401501601701801902002102202302402500.5780.5170.4630.4190.3790.3420.3090.2800.2540.2300.2100.1920.1760.1620.1500.1380.1280.1190.5720.5110.4580.4150.3750.3390.3060.2770.2510.
23、2280.2080.1900.1750.1610.1480.1370.1270.5660.5050.4540.4110.3710.3350.3030.2740.2490.2260.2060.1890.1730.1590.1470.1360.1260.5590.5000.4490.4070.3670.3320.3000.2710.2460.2240.2050.1870.1720.1580.1460.1350.1250.5530.4940.4450.4030.3640.3280.2970.2690.2440.2220.2030.1860.1700.1570.1450.1340.1240.5470.
24、4880.4410.3990.3600.3250.2940.2660.2420.2200.2010.1840.1690.1560.1440.1330.1240.5410.4830.4360.3950.3560.3220.2910.2640.2390.2180.1990.1820.1680.1540.1430.1320.1230.5350.4770.4320.3910.3530.3190.2880.2610.2370.2160.1970.1810.1660.1530.1420.1310.1220.5290.4720.4280.3870.3490.3150.2850.2580.2350.2140.
25、1960.1790.1650.1520.1400.1300.1210.5230.4670.4230.3830.3460.3120.2820.2560.2330.2120.1940.1780.1630.1510.1390.1290.120附表2.4 d类截面轴心受压构件的稳定系数012345678901020304050607080901001101201301401501601701801902001.0000.9840.9370.8480.7660.6900.6180.5520.4930.4390.3940.3590.3280.2990.2720.2480.2270.2080.1910.17
26、60.1621.0000.9810.9270.8400.7590.6830.6120.5460.4870.4340.3900.3560.3250.2960.2700.2460.2250.2060.1890.1740.9990.9780.9180.8310.7510.6750.6050.5400.4810.4290.3870.3530.3220.2930.2670.2440.2230.2040.1880.1730.9990.9740.9090.8230.7430.6680.5980.5340.4760.4240.3830.3500.3190.2900.2650.2420.2210.2030.18
27、60.1710.9980.9690.9000.8150.7350.6610.5910.5280.4700.4190.3800.3460.3160.2880.2620.2400.2190.2010.1840.1700.9960.9650.8910.8070.7280.6540.5850.5220.4650.4140.3760.3430.3130.2850.2600.2370.2170.1990.1830.1680.9940.9600.8830.7990.7200.6460.5780.5160.4600.4100.3730.3400.3100.2820.2580.2350.2150.1910.18
28、10.1670.9920.9550.8740.7900.7120.6390.5720.5100.4540.4050.3700.3370.3070.2800.2550.2330.2130.1960.1800.1660.9900.9490.8650.7820.7050.6320.5650.5040.4490.4010.3660.3340.3040.2770.2530.2310.2120.1940.1780.1640.9870.9440.8570.7740.6970.6250.5590.4980.4440.3970.3630.3310.3010.2750.2510.2290.2100.1920.1770.163注：1. 附表2.12.4中的值按下列公式算得：当时：当时：式中、为系数，根据附表2.5采用2. 当构件的值超出表2.1至2.4的范围时，则值按注1所列的公式计算。附表2.5 系数、截面类别a类0.410.9860.152b类0.650.9650.300c类0.730.9060.5951.2160.302d类1.350.8680.9151.3750.432 友情提示：方案范本是经验性极强的领域，本范文无法思考和涵盖全面，供参考!最好找专业人士起草或审核后使用。