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1、现在完成时讲义一基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes,主语+ have/has.(肯定)No,主语+ havent/hasnt.(否定)三用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果Ihave spentall of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijunhas (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)My fatherhas goneto wo
2、rk.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been illfor three days.I have lived heresince 1998.四has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in)的区别Have/Has gone(t
3、o) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghaifor two months. /since two months ago.五现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:*以already, just和yet为标志He
4、has already gother help.他已得到她的帮助。Hehas just seenthe film.他刚刚看过这场电影。Hehasnt comebackyet.他还没有回来。*以ever和never为标志This is the best film Ihave ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。Hehas never beento Beijing.他从没有到过北京。*以动作发生的次数为标志He says hehas been tothe USAthree times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。*以so far（到目前为止）为标+beforeHehas gotto
5、 Beijingso far.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。*for+时段since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last week, three years ago等; 2)不能与when连用2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则
6、与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live-lived-lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2 、不规
7、则动词：课本七瞬间动词（buy, die, join, come，go ,leave, join ）不能直接与for since连用。要改变动词buy-haveborrow -keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-be ingo out-be outleave -be awaybegin-be onfinish-be overopen-be openclose -be closed die-be dead一、 单项选择。1、Both his parentslook sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him .（呼和浩特）1 / 3. kn
8、ew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still 3、HaveyoumetMr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new bookin the past two years . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lotso far.Yes . I h
9、ope it will beeven_ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this schoolfor two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry
10、 Potter is a very nice film .I_ ittwice. will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone10、_ you _ your homeworkyet? Yes . I _ ita moment ago. Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished
11、. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How longhave you _ here ?About two months . been . gon
12、e . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _for ten minutes. has begun . had begun. has been on . began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years .
13、have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, gotC. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、 His uncl
14、e_for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型转换。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been heresince 2000.(对划线部分提问)_they been here?3、The old man _last year. Hefor a year. (die)（动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句
15、转换)This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)_ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)_三、 汉译英。1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。3、 我父亲以前到过长城。4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。5、 她去过上海。6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？