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1、Unit2 Colours GrammarObject clauses,What can blue bring to our mind and body?,Lead-in,I think ,that,blue can bring peace to our mind and body.,Make a new sentence,Colours can influence our moods.Colours can make us feel happy or sad.Many women like to wear white on their wedding day.Green is the col
2、our of nature and represents new life.Wearing red can make it easier to take action.,I know thatI (dont) think thatI (dont) believe thatIm sure/certain that,当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that)
3、 she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.,Object clauses introduced by “that”,宾语从句可用于主句动词之后，如：know， think ， believe， hope， mean等。,I hear (that) you have passed the exam.I do not b
4、elieve (that) he has never been to the USA.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词，如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也是宾语从句,I was sorry (that) I didnt know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,Exercises,1. The world is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Most pe
5、ople believe _.2. There is a relationship between colours and moods. I am sure _.3. The boy has no difficulty working out this maths problems. I find _.4. Eating more vegetables is good for our health. The doctor says _.5. The English teacher has agreed to come to her birthday party. She is glad _.,
6、that the world is becoming more and more crowded and polluted,that there is a relationship between colours and moods,that the boy has no difficulty working out this maths problems,that eating more vegetables is good for our health,that The English teacher has agreed to come to her birthday party,Fin
7、ish the exercies on page 26.,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语序2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swimming?,he wants to go swimming,if/whether,I ask,Object clauses introduced by “if” or “whether”,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if)
8、I could help him.,一般疑问句做宾语,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。从句中人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化：“Can you help me? she asks.She asks if/whether I can help her.,宾语从句的语序,句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,There is a shop near here.,Is there a shop near here?,宾语从句必须用 _,陈述语序,如何变人称：学生常常弄不清人称变化。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指如果从句中的
9、主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She says. My brother wants to go with me. She says (that) her brother wanted to go with her,二随宾”是指，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：He says to Kate. “Do you like apples?He asked Kate if/whether she likes apples.,第三人称不更新”是指如果从
10、句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith says。 Jack is a good worker。Mr Smith says (that) Jack was a good worker。,1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如： 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。 He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home. 2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如：
11、 Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left.,另外要注意时态变化：,注意：if和whether的区别,1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用 如：Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。 如： Whether it is true or not, I cant tell.3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。 如： I dont know
12、whether to accept or refuse.4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾 如： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时,只能用if，不能用whether。 如：Tom wants know if he wont come here tomorrow.,Exercises 句子改错,I dont know if will the students arrive on time.2. Amy is not certain red will bring good luck.3
13、. Simon wants to know that if all the postmen in the world wear green uniforms.4. The students do not know if do they have to bring some water with them.6. The teacher asks Tom whether has he closed all the windows before leaving the classroom.,if the students will arrive on time.,if/whether red wil
14、l bring good luck.,if/whether,if/whether do they have to bring some water with them.,if/whether he has closed all the windows before leaving the classroom.,Finish the exercies on page 27.,Finish the exercies on page 28.,THANK YOU !GOODBYE !,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1. 陈述句，He is a famous basketball player.2. 一般疑问
15、句，Do you clean your room every day?3. 特殊疑问句，Which coat did you prefer?,什么是宾语,I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him .（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,我们 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构
16、成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,什么是宾语从句？,宾o,宾o,主s,谓v,he is a famous basketball player,that,连接词,谓v,主s,that不能省略的几种情况在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。,1. 从句的主语是that。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他说那是一个真的王冠。2. that从句中含有主从复合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. 假如你弄丢它，恐怕你要赔偿。3. 主从句之间有插入语时。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。,