《FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物课件.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物课件.pptx（33页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Food Borne Illnesses,Manju Roy(Ph.D. Epidemiology &Public Health-8165)Dr. Howard Rubin,2011Walden University,1,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,This presentation is intended for employees who handle food for the public in supermarkets and restaurants. Awareness of foodborne
2、illnesses are poorly understood and origin of outbreaks are unknown Todays Presentation will cover food borne illnesses its origin, causes, prevention ,laws and agencies responsible for food safety and its regulation. In the end of this discussion you will be familiar with all techniques and laws to
3、 food safety.,Introduction,2,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Intake of Contaminated Food with:BacteriaVirusesParasites ToxinPesticidesInorganic ChemicalsOrganic Chemicals (),Causes of Food Borne Illnesses,3,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Component
4、s of Food Safety in Supermarkets and Restaurants are:Employee training. Food sampling and testing for contaminations Plan review for food Services.Pest control services Food Inspection ServicesOutbreaks of E. coli infections in Hamburgers in 1997New law called HACCP was imposed by Clinton Administra
5、tion(Kassenborg et al,2004).,Food Safety In Public Places,4,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Sewage water in irrigation. Employee health practices Poor sanitary services. Lack of wildlife monitoring and control. Exposure to warm storage temperature.,Source of Contamination F
6、or Food Borne Illnesses,5,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Preparation and Storage on farms.Poor hygiene practices Toxins of S.Aureus spread from wounds& cuts No Regular hand washing Improper Storage Ref:,How do food borne agents spread in Restaurants and Supermarkets.,6,Foo
7、dBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,47.8 million illnesses 127,839 Hospitalization 3,037 people Deaths 1,027,561 Salmonella cases 965,958 Clostridium cases Campylobacter 845,024 cases (),Epidemiology of Food borne Illnesses In USA Per Year,7,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicH
8、ealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Amount of agent consumed to onset symptomsSalmonella and Shigella need 1 million to 1 billion organisms for symptoms,1to 4 days for incubationParasites like Amoeba need 1 to 4 weeks Viruses need 24 to 48 hours(Moeller, 2005),Infectious Dose,8,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublic
9、Health伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Proper storage of food at Required Temperature.Refrigerator temperature set at 40 degree FahrenheitFreezer temperature at 0 degree FahrenheitCold Food at a 41 Degree Fahrenheit or belowThermometer in refrigerator and freezerDisinfect Freezer and refrigerators with disinfectantsCl
10、ean and disinfect countertops regularly.,FOOD STORAGE GUIDELINES FOR RESTARUTANTS AND SUPERMARKETS,9,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Exercising care in processingAn effective sanitation programOther factors include:Safer water supply Adequate garbage refuse disposal Proper
11、waste water and sewage disposal Effective rodent and insect control Equipment and facilities Personnel training and habitsStandards, regulations, enforcement, and monitoring.,Components of Effective Sanitation System,10,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Clean consumable marke
12、table products.Preservation, and distribution.Improvement in food qualityExtra nutrients like vitaminsReduce food borne diseases(Norton et al.2001),Food Processing Industries,11,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Cutting board of nonporous materials.Clean Vehicle for transport
13、ationRefrigerated vehicles for transport of perishable food productsRefrigerated vegetables storage,Equipment and facilities,12,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Personnel hygiene Antimicrobial cleaners , cleaning rags and spongesHand washing Training in food storage, garbage
14、 disposal, insects and rodent control.,Personnel training and habits.,13,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,United States Hazard Analysis and Critical Control (HACCP) based on Seven Principles 1.Analyze potential Hazards 2.Determine Critical Control Points(CCPs) 3.Establish Cr
15、itical limits 4.Establish monitoring procedures 5.Establish corrective actions 6. Establish Verification procedures. 7.Establish record-keeping and documentation procedures.,Standards and regulations.,14,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Department of Health Services: Food an
16、d Drug Administration. Regulates food labeling Safety of food and food additives Inspection of food processing plants & food selling places Controls food contaminants Establishes food standards.Center for Disease Control and PreventionAnalyzes and Control diseases.,Federal Agencies responsible for t
17、he safety of U.S. food supply.,15,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,National Institutes of HealthHealthDepartment of Agriculture Monitors: Pesticides Microbial and water borne contaminants Food Safety and Inspection ServiceMeat, poultry, and eggs Animal and Plant Health Inspe
18、ction Service Imported foods,Other Agencies Monitor and InspectFood Products,16,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Food Safety and Inspection Service Meat, poultry and plant produceHuman Nutrition Information Service Standard tables for the nutritive value of foods educational
19、 materials related to food for consumers.,Department of Agriculture,17,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Food advertising.Food additives PesticidesNew Animal DrugsColor AdditivesProhibited SubstancesEnvironmental Protection AgencyNational Marines Fisheries ServiceNew Animal D
20、rug.,Federal Trade Commission,18,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Gather data on food borne illnesses.Investigate food borne illnesses and outbreaks.Monitor the effectiveness of preventionWork closely with food safety agenciesFood Safety and Inspection Service of the U.S. De
21、partment of Agriculture. Build State Department Epidemiology, laboratory and environmental health.,CDCs Role in food safety,19,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Salmonella outbreaks in Germany E.Coli epidemic strain isolated in Massachusetts, Michigan ,Wisconsin , North Carol
22、ina E.Coli infections reported from cows and goat milk cheese in California, Nevada and Washington D.C.(),Investigation of recent Bacterial outbreaks in April 2011,20,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Meat and Poultry have Salmonella infectionsCookie doughsOther microbes are
23、Clostridium, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae and Parasites( ),Epidemiology of food borne illnesses in Ice creams, desserts,21,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Aspergillus flavusAlterneriaFusarium moniliformieMyrotheciumTrichodermaFumitremorgen B, Paxilline, Penitrem A, Verrucosidi
24、n, and VerruculogenAn outbreak in USSR in World War 2, killed 5,000 people with contaminated mycotoxins in peanuts maize and other oil seeds. Long term illness are neutropenia ,aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia(Froquet et at,2001),Food illnesses caused by Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses,22,FoodBourneIl
25、lnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Norwalk viral infection lack of surveillanceHuman Enterovirus A,B,C &DHuman Rhinovirus A,B,C Porcine EnterovirusHepatitis E Rotavirus,Outbreaks of food borne and waterborne viral gastroenteritis.,23,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的
26、食物,Public Service Veterinary Surveying of Animal Products.Tracing origin of illness and penalizing the place where outbreak started.Removal of the products from the sale.Power to control and law enforcement of veterinarians.,Prevention of Food Poisoning,24,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealt
27、h伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,1.Choose food processed for safety.2.Cook food thoroughly3.Eat cooked food immediately.4.Store cooked food immediately.5.Reheat cooked foods thoroughly.6.Avoid contact between raw and cooked foods.7.Wash hands repeatedly.8.Keep all kitchen surfaces meticulously.9.Protect foods from in
28、sects ,rodents, and other animals.10.Use pure water.,Ten Rules for safe food preparation and consumption,25,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,U.S. Food supply safest in the world. Long term effects are:E.Coli causes kidney failure Salmonella reactive arthritis and serious inf
29、ectionsListeria and Campylobacter cause precipitating factor for a debilitating disease(Kaferstein,1997),Long Term Effects of Bacterial Infections in food,26,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Fight BAC in supermarkets and fast food restaurants by employees:Clean: Wash HandsSe
30、parate: Dont cross contaminateCook: Cook to proper temperatureChill: Refrigerate promptly,Safe Food Handling,27,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,60 retailers participate in this campaign with the Food and Drug Administration and CDCReminds consumers and sellers to shop for s
31、afe food Reduces risk of Food Borne Illnesses,Be Food Safe,28,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Food safe tips for supermarkets and restaurants:1.Partner with local media2.Establish National Food Safety Education month.3.Food safe message on business advertisements.4.Display
32、food safe posters in business logos as giveaways.,How can you help your customers and employees?,29,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,In todays presentation we learned:Importance of Food Safety in Public PlacesSources of ContaminationSpread and Control of Infectious AgentsEpi
33、demiology of Food Borne IllnessesLaws and Agencies to Control infections in Public placesPersonnel Training of Employees and Prevention.,Conclusion: Todays Highlights,30,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,1.Kassenborg,H.D.,Hedberg,C.,W., Hoekstra, M., Evans M.C., Chin, A.E., A
34、huja, S.D., Slutsker,L., Farm Visits and undercooked Hamburgers are Major Factors for Sporadic Escherichia coli O157.H7 Infection Data from Case Control Study in 5 FoodNet Sites. Clinical Infectious Diseases Supplement (2004):38,271-2782. Moeller, Dade(2005): Environmental health(3 Edition). Harvard
35、 Press3.Norton,D., McCamey,M., Gall, Kenneth., Scarlett, J., Boor, K., Weidman M.(2001): Molecular Studies on the Ecology Of Listeria monocytogenes in the Smoked Fish Processing Industry. Applied Environmental Health 67(1), 198-205.4.Froquet ,R., Sibiril,Y., Parent Massin, D.,(2001): Trichothecene t
36、oxicity on human megakaryocyte progenitors(CFU-MK).Human and Experimental Toxicology 20(2),84-89.5. Kaferstein,A., Food safety: a commonly underestimated public health issue.(1997). World Health Statistics Quarterly 50(1/2):3.,References,31,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,Disease Resources:Food Safety Resources:www.fsis.usda.gov/factsheets.gov http:/www.befoodsafe.gov,Web Resources,32,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,33,FoodBourneIllnessesEnvironmentalPublicHealth伯恩环境公共卫生疾病的食物,